''Cosmospora'' is a
genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of
ascomycete
Ascomycota is a phylum of the kingdom Fungi that, together with the Basidiomycota, forms the subkingdom Dikarya. Its members are commonly known as the sac fungi or ascomycetes. It is the largest phylum of Fungi, with over 64,000 species. The def ...
fungi in the family
Nectriaceae
The Nectriaceae comprise a family of fungi in the order Hypocreales. It was circumscribed by brothers Charles and Louis René Tulasne in 1865. In 2020, an Outline of fungi was produced and listed 70 genera and about 1,336 species.
It is a highl ...
.
The genus, as circumscribed by Rossman et al. (1998), included all the
nectrioid species with small, reddish, non-ornamented sexual fruiting bodies that collapse laterally when dry.
However, the genus was shown to be
polyphyletic
A polyphyletic group is an assemblage that includes organisms with mixed evolutionary origin but does not include their most recent common ancestor. The term is often applied to groups that share similar features known as Homoplasy, homoplasies ...
,
and the majority of species were re-classified into revived or recently established genera that are
monophyletic
In biological cladistics for the classification of organisms, monophyly is the condition of a taxonomic grouping being a clade – that is, a grouping of organisms which meets these criteria:
# the grouping contains its own most recent co ...
.
''Cosmospora'' ''
sensu
''Sensu'' is a Latin word meaning "in the sense of". It is used in a number of fields including biology, geology, linguistics, semiotics, and law. Commonly it refers to how strictly or loosely an expression is used in describing any particular co ...
'' Rossman housed members of the following genera: ''
Chaetopsina'', ''
Cylindrocladiella'', ''
Fusicolla'', ''
Macroconia'', ''
Mariannaea'', ''
Microcera'', ''
Pseudocosmospora'', ''
Stylonectria'', and ''
Volutella''.
''Cosmospora'' was restricted to species having
acremonium-like asexual morphs that grow on
polypores
Polypores, also called bracket or shelf fungi, are a morphological group of basidiomycete-like gilled mushrooms and hydnoid fungi that form large fruiting bodies called conks, which are typically woody, circular, shelf- or bracket-shaped, ...
and
xylariaceous fungi by Gräfenhan in 2011.
About 20 species are accepted in the genus (Gräfenhan et al. 2011;
Herrera et al. 2015;
Zeng and Zhuang et al. 2016;
Luo et al. 2019;
Lechat et al. 2021).
The name ''Cosmospora'' comes from Greek ''kosmos'' + ''spora'', meaning ornamented spores.
Species
''Cosmospora''
*''
Cosmospora coccinea''
*''
Cosmospora arxii''
*''
Cosmospora butyri''
*''
Cosmospora cymosa''
*''
Cosmospora khandalensis''
*''
Cosmospora lavitskiae''
*''
Cosmospora scruposae''
[
*'' Cosmospora viliuscula''
*'' Cosmospora viridescens''
''Chaetopsina''
*'' Chaetopsina fulva''
*'' Chaetopsina penicillata''
*'' Chaetopsina polyblastia''
''Cylindrocladiella''
*'' Cylindrocladiella microcylindrica''
''Dialonectria''
*'' Dialonectria episphaeria''
''Fusicolla''
*'' Fusicolla matuoi''
''Macroconia''
*'' Macroconia leptosphaeriae''
*'' Macroconia cupularis''
*'' Macroconia gigas''
*'' Macroconia papilionacearum''
''Mariannaea''
*'' Mariannaea catenulatae''
''Microcera''
*'' Microcera coccophila''
*'' Microcera diploa''
*'' Microcera larvarum''
''Pseudocosmospora''
*'' Pseudocosmospora joca''
*'' Pseudocosmospora metepisphaeria''
*'' Pseudocosmospora pseudepisphaeria''
*'' Pseudocosmospora triqua''
*'' Pseudocosmospora vilior''
''Stylonectria''
*'' Stylonectria purtonii''
*'' Stylonectria wegeliniana''
''Volutella''
*'' Volutella consors''
*'' Volutella citrinella''
'']Incertae sedis
or is a term used for a taxonomy (biology), taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open nomenclature, uncertainty ...
''
*'' Cosmospora biasolettiana''
*'' Cosmospora chlorina''
*'' Cosmospora damingshanica''
*'' Cosmospora digitalicola''
*'' Cosmospora diminuta''
*'' Cosmospora dingleyae''
*'' Cosmospora effusa''
*'' Cosmospora geastroides''
*'' Cosmospora glabra''
*'' Cosmospora henanensis''
*'' Cosmospora hispanica''
*'' Cosmospora japonica''
*'' Cosmospora jucundula''
*'' Cosmospora kurdica''
*'' Cosmospora lasiodiplodiae''
*'' Cosmospora macrochaetopsinae''
*'' Cosmospora marelliana''
*'' Cosmospora meliopsicola''
*'' Cosmospora nothepisphaeria''
*'' Cosmospora nummulariae''
*'' Cosmospora obscura''
*'' Cosmospora peponum''
*'' Cosmospora pseudoflavoviridis''
*'' Cosmospora purpureocolla''
*'' Cosmospora rickii''
*'' Cosmospora rubrisetosa''
*'' Cosmospora sansevieriae''
*'' Cosmospora stegonsporii''
*'' Cosmospora stilbosporae''
*'' Cosmospora thujana''
*'' Cosmospora tungurahuana''
References
External links
*
Nectriaceae genera
{{Hypocreales-stub