Condroz

The Condroz () is a natural region in Wallonia, the French-speaking part of Belgium, located between the Ardennes and the Meuse. Its unofficial capital is Ciney. The region preserves the name of the Condrusi, a Germanic tribe which inhabited the area during and before the Roman era.

Compared to other parts of Belgium, the Condroz is a sparsely populated, agricultural area. It consists of low hills of an average altitude of about . It is mainly situated in the provinces of Liège and Namur and also in smaller parts of the Belgian provinces of Hainaut and Luxembourg. It is bordered in the north by the Meuse river, in the east by the Ardennes, in the south by the Famenne region.

Historically, the Condroz did not stretch west of the Meuse, but today there is a western section, south of Namur and the Sambre river stretching to the Thiérache and southern Hainaut.

History

Very little is known of the Roman era Condrusi, after whom the region was originally named. Julius Caesar described them and the Segni as living between the Eburones, to their north, and the Treviri, who lived to their south in the area of what is now Arlon, Luxembourg and the Moselle region in modern Germany and France.

From the fragmentary evidence it is known that citizens of the ''pagus'' or country of the Condrusi lived within the larger ''civitas'' of the Tungri, the '' Civitas Tungrorum'', which had its capital in Tongeren. They fought in the Roman military and could earn Roman citizenship.

In medieval records, the ''Pagus Condrustis'' or ''Condrustensis'' started to appear again from 747, in an area consistent with the old country of the Condrusi mentioned by Caesar. For the Christian church, Condroz was part of the Bishopric of Liège, which managed a region corresponding to the old Roman ''Civitas Tungrorum'', though the capital had now moved from Tongeren to Liège.

Unlike today, the medieval Condroz did not extend west over the Meuse river, into what is now the Belgian region Entre-Sambre-et-Meuse (fr), because this was part of the medieval ''Lommegau'' (de) or '' Pagus Lomacensis''.

To the south, the Famenne region, which is today considered distinct from the Condroz, was originally a part of the Condroz. South of the Famenne region is and was rougher and more wooded terrain of the Ardennes, which today stretches into France and Luxembourg. In 839, the Carolingian Emperor Louis the Pious granted the "county" of Condroz and the county of the Ardennes to his son Louis the German, effectively making the Meuse the boundary between the eastern and western Frankish kingdoms. (This is the only time the Condroz was described as a county like this.)

To the east, the medieval Condroz stretched over the Ourthe. In 870 this area was specifically described in the Treaty of Meerssen, when the Condroz was allocated for some decades to the kingdom of the western Franks (from which France evolved).

As a church jurisdiction under Liège, already in about 800 the ''Pagus Condrustinsus'' was mentioned as one of only four divisions of the bishopric, along with Lomme, the Ardennes, and the Hesbaye. By 1497 the medieval jurisdictions, which were reformed in 1559, an archdeaconry of the Famenne had been created from the southern part (together with the Chimay deanery from the Lomme ''pagus'' west of the Meuse). In at least two significant ways, the late medieval archdeaconry did not correspond to the Condroz in any geographical sense.
*The geographical Hesbaye region north of the Meuse was divided between the Hesbaye archdeaconry and the neighbouring archdeaconries of Hainaut, Brabant and Condroz. Condroz held the deanery of Hanret in Hesbaye.
*The archdeaconry of Condroz, like that of Hesbaye, was stretched significantly further west than the ''pagus'' or geographical region of Condroz itself, with the inclusion of the deanery of Saint Remacle, which stretched from Liège and Visé along the Vesdre, as far as what is now the Belgian border with Germany.For a listing of churches within this deanery see for exampl

Photos

0 Chevetogne - Village (1).JPG, View at Chevetogne near Ciney
Sovet JPG01.jpg, View at Sovet near Ciney
Nettinne 060124.JPG, View at Nettinne near Somme-Leuze
Chardeneux JPG01.jpg, View at Chardeneux near Somme-Leuze
0 Tohogne - Panorama (1).JPG, View at Tohogne near Durbuy
Méan JPG02.jpg, View at Méan near Havelange
Mozet JPG01.jpg, View at Mozet near Gesves
Vue d'andenne depuis la réserve (retouchée).jpg, View at Andenne
Les Rivages E1aJPG.JPG, View at Dinant
MaasCrèvecoeur.jpg, Meuse river near Dinant

References

{{Coord, 50.3, 5.0, region:BE_scale:100000, display=title

Natural regions of Belgium
Areas of Belgium
Forestry in Belgium
Regions of Wallonia
Landforms of Wallonia
Landforms of Hainaut (province)
Landforms of Liège Province
Landforms of Luxembourg (Belgium)
Landforms of Namur (province)
Ciney
Carolingian counties