''Colégio Pedro II'' (Pedro II School) is a federal public school located in the state of

Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, or simply Rio, is the capital of the Rio de Janeiro (state), state of Rio de Janeiro. It is the List of cities in Brazil by population, second-most-populous city in Brazil (after São Paulo) and the Largest cities in the America ...

. Named after

Pedro II of Brazil ''Don (honorific), Dom'' PedroII (Pedro de Alcântara João Carlos Leopoldo Salvador Bibiano Francisco Xavier de Paula Leocádio Miguel Gabriel Rafael Gonzaga; 2 December 1825 – 5 December 1891), nicknamed the Magnanimous (), was the List o ...

, it was established on 2 December 1837, and made official by Imperial decree on 20 December of the same year. It was named after the Emperor, since it was established on his birthday. Its first campus, downtown

, functions to this day.

History

Its origins can be traced to the Saint Peter Orphans' School founded in 1739, and later renamed to Saint Joachim School in 1766. The Imperial Colégio de Pedro II was established in 1837 as part of a drive for national unity under the monarchy. The school is mentioned in the Brazilian Constitution, which says that it should remain under the Federal orbit. File:Bertichen colegio pedro ii igreja s joaquim.jpg, 1856 File:Colegio Pedro II school uniforms1855.jpg, School uniforms (1855)

Notable faculty

* Álvaro Lins, lawyer and journalist, member of the Academia Brasileira de Letras. * Antônio Gonçalves Dias, poet, lawyer and

playwright A playwright or dramatist is a person who writes play (theatre), plays, which are a form of drama that primarily consists of dialogue between Character (arts), characters and is intended for Theatre, theatrical performance rather than just Readin ...

, author of '' Canção do Exílio'', patron of the 15th chair of the Academia Brasileira de Letras. * Capistrano de Abreu, historian, writer and former librarian at the

National Library of Brazil The National Library of Brazil (, official name is ) is the depository of the bibliographic and documentary heritage of Brazil. It is located in Rio de Janeiro, the capital city of Brazil from 1763 to 1960, more specifically at Cinelândia squar ...

. *

Euclides da Cunha Euclides da Cunha (, January 20, 1866 – August 15, 1909) was a Brazilian journalist, sociologist and engineer. His most important work is '' Os Sertões'' (''Rebellion in the Backlands''), a non-fictional account of the military expeditions ...

, journalist and writer, author of ''

Os Sertões ''Os Sertões'' (, "the backlands"; 1902), translated as ''Rebellion in the Backlands'', is a book written by the Brazilian author Euclides da Cunha. Mixing science and literature, the author narrates the true story of a war that happened at th ...

'', member of the Academia Brasileira de Letras. *

Gonçalves de Magalhães Gonçalves (, ; Portuguese for "son of Gonçalo") is a Portuguese surname. Origin: Germanic patronymic ''Gundisalvis''. Notable people with the surname include: * Adílio de Oliveira Gonçalves (1956–2024), Brazilian footballer * Ailton Gon ...

, medic, diplomat and poet, author of '' Suspiros Poéticos e Saudades'', patron of the 9th chair of the Academia Brasileira de Letras. * João Ubaldo Ribeiro, journalist, writer and

philologist Philology () is the study of language in oral and written historical sources. It is the intersection of textual criticism, literary criticism, history, and linguistics with strong ties to etymology. Philology is also defined as the study of ...

, member of the Academia Brasileira de Letras. * Joaquim Manoel de Macedo, medic, journalist and writer, author of '' A Moreninha (novel)'', patron of the 20th chair of the

Academia Brasileira de Letras The Academia Brasileira de Letras (ABL; English: ''Brazilian Academy of Letters'') is a Brazilian literature, literary non-profit society established at the end of the 19th century. The first president, Machado de Assis, declared its foundation ...

. *

José Veríssimo José Veríssimo Dias de Matos (8 April 1857 – 2 December 1916) was a writer, educator, journalist, literary critic, and founding member of the Brazilian Academy of Letters. Biography José Veríssimo was born in Óbidos, Pará, the son of Jos ...

, writer, educator and journalist, founding member of the Academia Brasileira de Letras. * Silvio Romero, lawyer and

polymath A polymath or polyhistor is an individual whose knowledge spans many different subjects, known to draw on complex bodies of knowledge to solve specific problems. Polymaths often prefer a specific context in which to explain their knowledge, ...

, founding member of the Academia Brasileira de Letras.

Notable alumni

* Andréa Beltrão, actress and producer *

Anitta (singer) Larissa de Macedo Machado (born 30 March 1993), known professionally as Anitta (), is a Brazilian singer, songwriter, dancer, actress, and occasional television host. One of Brazil's most prominent artists, she became known for her versatile st ...

, singer and entertainer. *

Arlindo Cruz Arlindo Cruz (born September 14, 1958, birth name Arlindo Domingos da Cruz Filho) is a Brazilian musician and songwriter, working in the genre of samba and pagode. Cruz took part in the most important formation of Grupo Fundo de Quintal, and is ...

, singer and songwriter. * Augusto Rademaker, vice president of Brazil during the

military dictatorship in Brazil The military dictatorship in Brazil (), occasionally referred to as the Fifth Brazilian Republic, was established on 1 April 1964, after a 1964 Brazilian coup d'état, coup d'état by the Brazilian Armed Forces, with support from the United Stat ...

(1969-1974). *

Carlos Chagas Filho Carlos Chagas Filho (September 10, 1910 – February 16, 2000) was a Brazilian physician, biologist and scientist active in the field of neuroscience. He was internationally renowned for his investigations on the neural mechanisms underlying ...

, president of the

Brazilian Academy of Sciences Brazilian commonly refers to: * Brazil, a country * Brazilians, its people * Brazilian Portuguese, its dialect Brazilian may also refer to: * "The Brazilian", a 1986 instrumental music piece by Genesis * Brazilian Café, Baghdad, Iraq (1937) * Bra ...

(1965-1967). * Cássia Eller, Brazilian singer and songwriter. * Coelho Netto, writer and member of the

. * Fátima Bernardes, journalist. * Fernanda Montenegro, actress and member of the

. *

Floriano Peixoto Floriano Vieira Peixoto (; 30 April 1839 – 29 June 1895) was a Brazilian military and politician, a veteran of the Paraguayan War and several other conflicts, and the second president of Brazil. Born in (today a district of the city of ...

, president of Brazil (1891-1894). *

França Júnior Joaquim José da França Júnior (March 18, 1838 – November 27, 1890) was a Brazilian playwright, journalist and, initially, a painter. Alongside Martins Pena, he is one of the most famous adepts of the "comedy of manners" genre. He is patron o ...

, writer and patron of the 12th chair of the

. * Hermes da Fonseca, president of Brazil (1910-1914). * Ivan Pinheiro, General Secretary of the Brazilian Communist Party (2005-2016). * João do Rio (João Paulo Emílio Cristóvão dos Santos Coelho Barreto), Brazilian journalist, writer, translator and playwright. * Jorge Picciani, president of the

Legislative Assembly of Rio de Janeiro The Legislative Assembly of Rio de Janeiro ( or ''ALERJ'') is the unicameral legislature of the state of Rio de Janeiro in Brazil. It has 70 state deputies elected by proportional representation. After the 1834 Additional Act, the Provincial As ...

(2003-2011 and 2015-2017). * Luís Alves de Lima e Silva, Duke of Caxias * Luiz Fux, minister of the

Supreme Federal Court The Federal Supreme Court (, , abbreviated STF) is the supreme court (court of last resort) of Brazil, serving primarily as the country's Constitutional Court. It is the highest court of law in Brazil for constitutional issues and its rulings ...

(2011-). *

Manuel Bandeira Manuel Carneiro de Sousa Bandeira Filho (April 19, 1886 – October 13, 1968) was a Brazilian poet, literary critic, and translator, who wrote over 20 books of poetry and prose. Life and career Bandeira was born in Recife, Pernambuco. In 1904 ...

, writer and member of the

. * Marco Aurélio Mello, minister of the

(1990-2021). *

Mário Lago Mário Lago Ordem do Mérito Cultural, OMC ( November 26, 1911 — May 30, 2002) was a Brazilian lawyer, poet, Radio, broadcaster, composer and actor. In the 1940s and 1950s, he was known for composing popular samba songs, such as "Ai! que saud ...

, lawyer, poet, broadcaster, songwriter, writer and actor. The theater in the São Cristóvão campus is named after him. * Mr. Catra, Brazilian rapper. *

Nilo Peçanha Nilo Procópio Peçanha (; 2 October 1867 – 31 March 1924) was a Brazilian politician who served as the seventh president of Brazil. He was governor of Rio de Janeiro (1903–1906), then elected the fifth vice president of Brazil in 1906. H ...

, president of Brazil (1909-1910). *

Rodrigues Alves Francisco de Paula Rodrigues Alves, PC (; 7 July 1848 – 16 January 1919) was a Brazilian politician who first served as president of the Province of São Paulo in 1887, then as Treasury minister in the 1890s. Rodrigues Alves was elected the ...

, president of Brazil (1902-1906). *

Washington Luís Washington Luís Pereira de Sousa (; 26 October 1869 – 4 August 1957) was a Brazilian politician who served as the 13th president of Brazil. Elected governor of São Paulo state in 1920 and president of Brazil in 1926, Washington Luís belonge ...

, president of Brazil (1926-1930).

References

Educational institutions established in 1837 Secondary schools in Brazil 1837 establishments in Brazil National heritage sites of Rio de Janeiro (state) {{Brazil-school-stub