Codex Bobiensis or Bobbiensis (Siglum ''k'', Nr. 1 by Beuron) is one of the oldest

Old Latin Old Latin, also known as Early Latin or Archaic Latin (Classical la, prīsca Latīnitās, lit=ancient Latinity), was the Latin language in the period before 75 BC, i.e. before the age of Classical Latin. It descends from a common Proto-Italic ...

manuscript A manuscript (abbreviated MS for singular and MSS for plural) was, traditionally, any document written by hand – or, once practical typewriters became available, typewritten – as opposed to mechanically printed or reproduced ...

s of the

New Testament The New Testament grc, Ἡ Καινὴ Διαθήκη, transl. ; la, Novum Testamentum. (NT) is the second division of the Christian biblical canon. It discusses the teachings and person of Jesus, as well as events in first-century Christ ...

. The fragmentary text contains parts of the

Gospel of Mark The Gospel of Mark), or simply Mark (which is also its most common form of abbreviation). is the second of the four canonical gospels and of the three synoptic Gospels. It tells of the ministry of Jesus from his baptism by John the Baptist to ...

(Mark 8:8-16:8) and

Gospel of Matthew The Gospel of Matthew), or simply Matthew. It is most commonly abbreviated as "Matt." is the first book of the New Testament of the Bible and one of the three synoptic Gospels. It tells how Israel's Messiah, Jesus, comes to his people and ...

( Matthew 1:1-15:36). ''Codex Bobiensis'' is the only known example of the ''shorter ending'' added directly to Mark 16:8, but not the "long ending" through Mark 16:20. The Latin text of the codex is a representative of the

Western text-type In textual criticism of the New Testament, the Western text-type is one of the main text types. It is the predominant form of the New Testament text witnessed in the Old Latin and Syriac Peshitta translations from the Greek, and also in quota ...

History

It was probably written in North Africa, and is dated to the 4th or 5th century. Later, it was brought to the monastery in

Bobbio Bobbio ( Bobbiese: ; lij, Bêubbi; la, Bobium) is a small town and commune in the province of Piacenza in Emilia-Romagna, northern Italy. It is located in the Trebbia River valley southwest of the town Piacenza. There is also an abbey and a di ...

in northern

Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical ...

. It was traditionally assigned to

St. Columban Columbanus ( ga, Columbán; 543 – 21 November 615) was an Irish missionary notable for founding a number of monasteries after 590 in the Frankish and Lombard kingdoms, most notably Luxeuil Abbey in present-day France and Bobbio Abbey in pr ...

, who died in the monastery he had founded there, in 615. Today it is housed in the Turin National University Library. Researchers, comparing the ''Codex Bobiensis'' with quotes from

Cyprian Cyprian (; la, Thaschus Caecilius Cyprianus; 210 – 14 September 258 AD''The Liturgy of the Hours according to the Roman Rite: Vol. IV.'' New York: Catholic Book Publishing Company, 1975. p. 1406.) was a bishop of Carthage and an early Chri ...

’s publications from the 3rd century, think it may represent a page from the Bible Cyprian used while he was a bishop in

Carthage Carthage was the capital city of Ancient Carthage, on the eastern side of the Lake of Tunis in what is now Tunisia. Carthage was one of the most important trading hubs of the Ancient Mediterranean and one of the most affluent cities of the clas ...

. A palaeographic study of the scripture determined it is a copy of a papyrus script from the 2nd century.

Matthew 8

In Matthew 8:12 it represents textual variant ἐξελεύσονται (''will go out'') instead of ἐκβληθήσονται (''will be thrown''). This variant is supported only by two Greek manuscripts ''

Codex Sinaiticus The Codex Sinaiticus ( Shelfmark: London, British Library, Add MS 43725), designated by siglum [Aleph] or 01 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts), δ 2 (in the von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts ...

'', ''

Codex Climaci Rescriptus Codex Climaci rescriptus is a collective palimpsest manuscript consisting of several individual manuscripts (eleven) underneath with Christian Palestinian Aramaic texts of the Old and New Testament as well as two apocryphal texts, including the Do ...

'', and by syr^{c, s, p, pal}, arm, ''Diatessaron''.

Mark 16

There is a unique reading following Mark 16:3: :''Subito autem ad horam tertiam tenebrae diei factae sunt per totum orbem terrae, et descenderunt de caelis angeli et surgent in claritate vivi Dei (viri duo?); simul ascenderunt cum eo, et continuo lux facta est.'' The text requires some guesswork. Bruce Metzger provides the following translation: :But suddenly at the third hour of the day there was darkness over the whole circle of the earth, and angels descended from the heavens, and as he he Lordwas rising in the glory of the living God, at the same time they ascended with him; and immediately it was light. Metzger, Bruce, ''The Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament'', 2nd edition (Stuttgart: ''

Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft The Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft ("German Bible Society") is a religious foundation regulated by public law. It is involved in publishing and in spreading the message of the Bible. The Society publishes the Bible in the original languages and in ...

'', 1994) pp.101-102. The "Shorter Ending" runs as follows: :Omnia autem quaecumque praecepta erant et qui cum puero erant breviter exposuerunt. Posthaec et ipse ihesus adparuit, et ab orientem usque usque in orientem misit per illos sanctam et incorruptam raedicationissalutis aeternae. Amen. :But they reported briefly to the boy and those with him all that they had been told. And after this, Jesus himself (appeared to them and) sent out by means of them, from east to east, the sacred and imperishable (proclamation) of eternal salvation. Amen.

Notes

References

{{reflist

External links and sources

* ttp://www.biblical-data.org/LATIN_Resources/bobiensis.jpg Image Bobiensis 5th-century biblical manuscripts