Liberal David Lloyd George formed a coalition government in the United Kingdom in December 1916, and was appointed

Prime Minister of the United Kingdom The prime minister of the United Kingdom is the head of government of the United Kingdom. The prime minister Advice (constitutional law), advises the Monarchy of the United Kingdom, sovereign on the exercise of much of the Royal prerogative ...

by King

George V George V (George Frederick Ernest Albert; 3 June 1865 – 20 January 1936) was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 until Death and state funeral of George V, his death in 1936. George w ...

. It replaced the earlier wartime coalition under H. H. Asquith, which had been held responsible for losses during the Great War. Those Liberals who continued to support Asquith served as the Official Opposition. The government continued in power after the end of the war in 1918, though Lloyd George was increasingly reliant on the

Conservative Conservatism is a cultural, social, and political philosophy and ideology that seeks to promote and preserve traditional institutions, customs, and values. The central tenets of conservatism may vary in relation to the culture and civiliza ...

s for support. After several scandals including allegations of the sale of honours, the Conservatives withdrew their support after a

meeting A meeting is when two or more people come together to discuss one or more topics, often in a formal or business setting, but meetings also occur in a variety of other environments. Meetings can be used as form of group decision-making. Definiti ...

at the Carlton Club in 1922, and

Bonar Law Andrew Bonar Law (; 16 September 1858 – 30 October 1923) was a British statesman and politician who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from October 1922 to May 1923. Law was born in the British colony of New Brunswick (now a Canadi ...

formed a government.

Cabinets

War Cabinet, December 1916 – January 1919

* George Curzon, 1st Earl Curzon of Kedleston – Lord President of the Council and Leader of the House of Lords *

–

Chancellor of the Exchequer The chancellor of the exchequer, often abbreviated to chancellor, is a senior minister of the Crown within the Government of the United Kingdom, and the head of HM Treasury, His Majesty's Treasury. As one of the four Great Offices of State, t ...

and

Leader of the House of Commons The Leader of the House of Commons is a minister of the Crown of the Government of the United Kingdom whose main role is organising government business in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, House of Commons. The Leader is always a memb ...

Arthur Henderson Arthur Henderson (13 September 1863 – 20 October 1935) was a British iron moulder and Labour Party (UK), Labour politician. He was the first Labour Cabinet of the United Kingdom, cabinet minister, won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1934 and, uniqu ...

–

Minister without Portfolio A minister without portfolio is a government minister without specific responsibility as head of a government department. The sinecure is particularly common in countries ruled by coalition governments and a cabinet with decision-making authorit ...

* Alfred Milner, 1st Viscount Milner – Minister without Portfolio

Changes

* May – August 1917 – In temporary absence of Arthur Henderson, George Barnes, Minister of Pensions acts as a member of the War Cabinet. * June 1917 – Jan Smuts enters the War Cabinet as a Minister without Portfolio * July 1917 – Sir

Edward Carson Edward Henry Carson, Baron Carson, Privy Council (United Kingdom), PC, Privy Council of Ireland, PC (Ire), King's Counsel, KC (9 February 1854 – 22 October 1935), from 1900 to 1921 known as Sir Edward Carson, was an Irish unionist politician ...

enters the War Cabinet as a Minister without Portfolio * August 1917 – George Barnes succeeds Arthur Henderson (resigned) as Minister without Portfolio and Labour Party member of the War Cabinet. * January 1918 – Carson resigns and is not replaced * April 1918 – Austen Chamberlain succeeds Lord Milner as Minister without Portfolio. * January 1919 – Law becomes Lord Privy Seal, remaining Leader of the House of Commons, and is succeeded as Chancellor of the Exchequer by Chamberlain; both remaining in the War Cabinet. Smuts is succeeded by Sir Eric Geddes as Minister without Portfolio.

Peacetime Cabinet, January 1919 – October 1922

* David Lloyd George –

Prime Minister A prime minister or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. A prime minister is not the head of state, but r ...

* F.E Smith, 1st Baron Birkenhead –

Lord Chancellor The Lord Chancellor, formally titled Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain, is a senior minister of the Crown within the Government of the United Kingdom. The lord chancellor is the minister of justice for England and Wales and the highest-ra ...

* George Curzon, 1st Baron Curzon of Kedleston – Lord President of the Council and Leader of the House of Lords *

– Lord Privy Seal and

* Austen Chamberlain –

* Edward Shortt – Secretary of State for the Home Department * Arthur Balfour – Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs * Alfred Milner, 1st Viscount Milner –

Secretary of State for the Colonies The secretary of state for the colonies or colonial secretary was the Cabinet of the United Kingdom's government minister, minister in charge of managing certain parts of the British Empire. The colonial secretary never had responsibility for t ...

Winston Churchill Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (30 November 1874 – 24 January 1965) was a British statesman, military officer, and writer who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 (Winston Churchill in the Second World War, ...

– Secretary of State for War and Air * Edwin Montagu – Secretary of State for India * Walter Long – First Lord of the Admiralty * Sir Albert Stanley –

President of the Board of Trade The president of the Board of Trade is head of the Board of Trade. A committee of the His Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council, Privy Council of the United Kingdom, it was first established as a temporary committee of inquiry in the 17th centur ...

* Robert Munro – Secretary for Scotland * Ian Macpherson –

Chief Secretary for Ireland The Chief Secretary for Ireland was a key political office in the British Dublin Castle administration, administration in Ireland. Nominally subordinate to the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, Lord Lieutenant, and officially the "Chief Secretar ...

* John French, 1st Viscount of Ypres – Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland * Christopher Addison – President of the Local Government Board * Rowland Prothero – President of the Board of Agriculture * H. A. L. Fisher – President of the Board of Education * Andrew Weir, 1st Baron Inverforth –

Minister of Munitions The Minister of Munitions was a British government position created during the First World War to oversee and co-ordinate the production and distribution of munitions for the war effort. The position was created in response to the Shell Crisis o ...

* Sir Robert Horne – Minister of Labour * George Barnes –

* Sir Eric Geddes – Minister without Portfolio

Changes

* May 1919 – Sir Auckland Geddes succeeds Sir Albert Stanley as President of the Board of Trade. Sir Eric Geddes becomes Minister of Transport. * October 1919 – Lord Curzon of Kedleston succeeds Balfour as Foreign Secretary. Balfour succeeds Curzon as Lord President. The Local Government Board is abolished. Christopher Addison becomes Minister of Health. The Board of Agriculture is abolished. Lord Lee of Fareham becomes Minister of Agriculture. Sir Eric Geddes becomes Minister of Transport. * January 1920 – George Barnes leaves the cabinet. * March 1920 – Sir Robert Horne succeeds Sir Auckland Geddes as President of the Board of Trade. Thomas James McNamara succeeds Horne as Minister of Labour. * April 1920 – Sir Hamar Greenwood succeeds Ian Macpherson as Chief Secretary for Ireland. Sir Laming Worthington-Evans joins the Cabinet as Minister without Portfolio. * February 1921 – Winston Churchill succeeds Lord Milner as Colonial Secretary. Sir Laming Worthington-Evans succeeds Churchill as War Secretary. Churchill's successor as Air Secretary was not in the Cabinet. Lord Lee of Fareham succeeds Walter Long at the Admiralty. Sir Arthur Griffith-Boscawen succeeds Lee as Minister of Agriculture. * March 1921 – Austen Chamberlain succeeds Bonar Law as Lord Privy Seal and Leader of the Commons. Sir Robert Horne succeeds Chamberlain at the Exchequer.

Stanley Baldwin Stanley Baldwin, 1st Earl Baldwin of Bewdley (3 August 186714 December 1947), was a British statesman and Conservative politician who was prominent in the political leadership of the United Kingdom between the world wars. He was prime ministe ...

succeeds Horne at the Board of Trade. * April 1921 – Lord French resigns from the cabinet, remaining Lord Lieutenant. Christopher Addison becomes a Minister without Portfolio. Sir Alfred Mond succeeds him as Minister of Health. The Ministry of Munitions is abolished. * November 1921 – Sir Eric Geddes resigns from the cabinet. His successor as Minister of Transport is not in the Cabinet. The Attorney General, Sir Gordon Hewart, enters the Cabinet. * March 1922 – William Peel, 2nd Viscount Peel succeeds Edwin Montagu as India Secretary. * April 1922 – The First Commissioner of Works, David Lindsay, 27th Earl of Crawford, enters the Cabinet.

List of ministers

Members of the Cabinet are listed in boldface. Members of the War Cabinet, 6 December 1916 to 31 October 1919, are indicated.

References

* Burk. K. M. ed. ''War and the State: The Transformation of British Government 1914–1918 (1982). * Burk. K. M. ''Britain, America and the Sinews of War 1914–1918'' (1985). * Butler, David, and G. Butler, ''Twentieth Century British Political Facts'' (Macmillan, 2000). * Cassar, George H. ''Lloyd George at War, 1916–1918'' (2009
full text online at JSTORexcerpts
* French, David. ''The Strategy of the Lloyd George Coalition, 1916–1918'' (1995) * Fry, Michael. "Political Change in Britain, August 1914 to December 1916: Lloyd George Replaces Asquith: The Issues Underlying the Drama." ''Historical Journal'' 31.03 (1988): 609–627. * Gardner, Lloyd C. ''Safe for Democracy: The Anglo-American Response to Revolution, 1913-1923'' (1987) diplomatic history * Grieves, Keith. ''The politics of manpower, 1914–18'' (Manchester UP, 1988). * Grigg, John. ''Lloyd George: From Peace to War 1912–1916'' (1985) * Grigg, John. ''Lloyd George: War Leader 1916–1918'' (2002). * Keohane, Nigel. ''The party of patriotism: the Conservative Party and the First World War'' (Routledge, 2016). * McEwen, John M. "The Struggle for Mastery in Britain: Lloyd George versus Asquith, December 1916." ''Journal of British Studies'' 18#1 (1978): 131–156. *

Morgan, Kenneth O. Kenneth Owen Morgan, Baron Morgan, (born 16 May 1934) is a Welsh people, Welsh historian and author, known especially for his writings on modern history, modern history of the British Isles, British history and politics and on History of Wales, ...

''Consensus and disunity: the Lloyd George coalition government, 1918–1922'' (1979) * Morgan, Kenneth O. "Lloyd George's Premiership: A Study in 'Prime Ministerial Government'." ''Historical Journal'' 13#1 (1970): 130–57
online
* Morgan, Kenneth O. "George, David Lloyd, first Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor (1863–1945)" ''

Oxford Dictionary of National Biography The ''Dictionary of National Biography'' (''DNB'') is a standard work of reference on notable figures from History of the British Isles, British history, published since 1885. The updated ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (''ODNB'') ...

'', Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, May 201
accessed 11 Feb 2017
doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/34570 * Paxman, Jeremy. ''Great Britain's Great War'' (2013), based on TV series. * Simmonds, Alan G.V. ''Britain and World War One'' (Routledge, 2013). * Somervell, D.C. ''The Reign of King George V,'' (1936) pp 161–306
online free
* Taylor, A.J.P. ''English History: 1914–1945'' (1965), pp 66–128 * Wrigley, Chris. ''Lloyd George and the Challenge of Labour: The Post-War Coalition 1918–1922'' (1990).

Primary sources

* Lloyd George, David. ''War Memoirs'' (6 vols. 1933–36). ** Egerton, George W. "The Lloyd George 'War Memoirs': A Study in the Politics of Memory." ''Journal of Modern History'' 60#1 (1988): 55–94
in JSTOR
* Stubbs, John O. "Beaverbrook As Historian: 'Politicians and the War, 1914–1916' Reconsidered." ''Albion'' 14#3 (1982): 235–253. {{British ministries British ministries Coalition governments of the United Kingdom United Kingdom in World War I 1910s in the United Kingdom 1916 establishments in the United Kingdom 1920s in the United Kingdom 1922 disestablishments in the United Kingdom 1922 in British politics Ministries of George V Ministry Cabinets established in 1916 Cabinets disestablished in 1922 Grand coalition governments Interwar Britain World War I-related lists pl:Pierwszy rząd Davida Lloyda George'a

Cabinets

War Cabinet, December 1916 – January 1919

Changes

Peacetime Cabinet, January 1919 – October 1922

Changes

List of ministers

References

Further reading

Primary sources