
In the
Middle Ages or 16th and 17th centuries, a cloth merchant was one who owned or ran a cloth (often
wool) manufacturing or wholesale import or export business. A cloth merchant might additionally own a number of
draper's shops. Cloth was extremely expensive and cloth merchants were often very wealthy. A number of Europe's leading banking dynasties such as
Medici and
Berenberg built their original fortunes as cloth merchants.
In England, cloth merchants might be members of one of the important
trade guilds, such as the
Worshipful Company of Drapers.
Alternative names are clothier, which tended to refer more to someone engaged in
production and the sale of cloth, whereas a cloth merchant would be more concerned with distribution, including overseas trade, or haberdasher, who were merchants in sewn and fine fabrics (e.g. silk) and in London, members of the
Haberdashers' Company.
The largely obsolete term merchant taylor also describes a business person who trades in textiles, and initially a tailor who keeps and sells materials for the garments which he makes. In England, the term is best known in the context of the
Worshipful Company of Merchant Taylors, one of the
livery companies of the
City of London, nowadays a charitable institution best known for the Merchant Taylors' schools – the Company preserves the ancient spelling "taylor" in its name.
Notable cloth merchants
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Alderman Robert Aske
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Sir William Gardiner
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John Kendrick
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Henry Machyn, diarist
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Jack O'Newbury
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William Paterson
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Thomas Spring of Lavenham
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Sir Thomas White
See also
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Le Bourgeois gentilhomme
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Merchant
A merchant is a person who trades in commodities produced by other people, especially one who trades with foreign countries. Historically, a merchant is anyone who is involved in business or trade. Merchants have operated for as long as indust ...
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Retail
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Clothing industry
Sales occupations
Textile industry
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