Cliburn is a village and

civil parish In England, a civil parish is a type of administrative parish used for local government. It is a territorial designation which is the lowest tier of local government. Civil parishes can trace their origin to the ancient system of parishes, w ...

in the

Westmorland and Furness Westmorland and Furness is a Unitary authorities of England, unitary authority area in Cumbria, England. The economy is mainly focused on tourism around both the Lake District and Cumbria Coast, shipbuilding and the Royal Port of Barrow, Royal ...

Unitary Authority of

Cumbria Cumbria ( ) is a ceremonial county in North West England. It borders the Scottish council areas of Dumfries and Galloway and Scottish Borders to the north, Northumberland and County Durham to the east, North Yorkshire to the south-east, Lancash ...

, England; the civil parish includes the hamlet of Town Head. At the 2001 census, the population was 204; this increased to 274 by

2011 The year marked the start of a Arab Spring, series of protests and revolutions throughout the Arab world advocating for democracy, reform, and economic recovery, later leading to the depositions of world leaders in Tunisia, Egypt, and Yemen ...

Etymology

The name ''Cliburn'' comes from

clay Clay is a type of fine-grained natural soil material containing clay minerals (hydrous aluminium phyllosilicates, e.g. kaolinite, ). Most pure clay minerals are white or light-coloured, but natural clays show a variety of colours from impuriti ...

and

burn A burn is an injury to skin, or other tissues, caused by heat, electricity, chemicals, friction, or ionizing radiation (such as sunburn, caused by ultraviolet radiation). Most burns are due to heat from hot fluids (called scalding), soli ...

"clay stream",The history and antiquities of the counties of Westmorland and Cumberland, Volume 1, Joseph Nicolson, Richard Burn, William Nicolson, Henry Hornyold-Strickland ,1777 ,"The Parish of Cliburn", pp.457-460
google books
/ref> also interpreted as "Stream by the bank". Cliburn has been known as ''Cleburn'' or ''Cleyburn''.

Geography

The River Leith runs through the village south of the road. Cliburn was historically in

Westmorland Westmorland (, formerly also spelt ''Westmoreland''R. Wilkinson The British Isles, Sheet The British IslesVision of Britain/ref>) is an area of North West England which was Historic counties of England, historically a county. People of the area ...

Buildings

Cliburn Hall

Cliburn Hall is a three-storey

Pele tower Peel towers (also spelt pele) are small fortified keeps or tower houses, built along the English and Scottish borders in the Scottish Marches and North of England, mainly between the mid-14th century and about 1600. They were free-standing ...

, built in 1387 by Robert de Cliburn.Cliburn Hall, Cliburn, Cumbria Alterations and additions were made in 1567 by Richard Cliburn. In 1872, the tower was decastellated and given a gabled roof. Originally, there was an additional square tower at the south side of the building. A stone inscription from the building reads:

''Richard Cleburn this they me called
In which my time hath built this Hall
A.D. 1567''

St Cuthbert's Church

The

nave The nave () is the central part of a church, stretching from the (normally western) main entrance or rear wall, to the transepts, or in a church without transepts, to the chancel. When a church contains side aisles, as in a basilica-type ...

and

chancel In church architecture, the chancel is the space around the altar, including the Choir (architecture), choir and the sanctuary (sometimes called the presbytery), at the liturgical east end of a traditional Christian church building. It may termi ...

of St Cuthbert's Church date from the 12th century and the church is a Grade II

listed building In the United Kingdom, a listed building is a structure of particular architectural or historic interest deserving of special protection. Such buildings are placed on one of the four statutory lists maintained by Historic England in England, Hi ...

. The church was restored in the 19th century, with all windows bar one dating from that period. The rectory lies between the village and former railway station.

Other features

Cliburn Bridge is located at the south of the village, over the River Leith on the road to Morland. Cliburn Mill Bridge lies to the east at the confluence of the Leith and the

River Lyvennet The River Lyvennet is a river flowing through the county of Cumbria in England. The source of the Lyvennet (as Lyvennet Beck) is close to Robin Hood's Grave on Crosby Ravensworth Moor, an area rich in ancient remains. From there, the beck flows ...

on the road to Bolton. Both are made of local red

sandstone Sandstone is a Clastic rock#Sedimentary clastic rocks, clastic sedimentary rock composed mainly of grain size, sand-sized (0.0625 to 2 mm) silicate mineral, silicate grains, Cementation (geology), cemented together by another mineral. Sand ...

and were built after 1822, when a powerful flood destroyed the earlier bridges. Cliburn Moss is a national nature reserve, sited to the north-west of the village. A school was endowed in 1807 and the schoolhouse was rebuilt in 1877. The village pub was called the ''Railway Inn''; after the station closed, the name was changed to the ''Golden Pheasant Inn''. It has since closed.

Whinfell Forest Whinfell Forest is a small area of woodland in the parish of Brougham, Cumbria, south east of Penrith in Cumbria and just off the A66 road leading to Appleby-in-Westmorland. The forest is a short distance from the Lake District national park an ...

is a large wood sited to the north-west of the village and is the location of a

Centre Parcs UK Center Parcs UK and Ireland (formerly Center Parcs UK) is a short-break holiday company that operates six holiday villages in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland, with each covering about of woodland. The company's first village opened ...

holiday park.

Transport

Cliburn village is situated at crossroads on the east–west running C3047 (minor road), between

Bolton Bolton ( , locally ) is a town in Greater Manchester in England. In the foothills of the West Pennine Moors, Bolton is between Manchester, Blackburn, Wigan, Bury, Greater Manchester, Bury and Salford. It is surrounded by several towns and vill ...

and Penrith, and a north–south road connecting Morland in the south to the A66(T).

Cliburn railway station Cliburn railway station was a stop on the Eden Valley Railway in Westmorland (now in Cumbria), England; it is located to the north of the village of Cliburn. History The station opened to passenger traffic on 9 June 1862 and closed on 17 Sept ...

was a stop on the Eden Valley railway line, sited north of the village. After closure in 1956, the station house became a private residence; the signal box also survives and has been restored as a holiday cottage.

References

Maps

External links

Cumbria County History Trust: Cliburn
(nb: provisional research only - see Talk page)
Cliburn
''www.visitoruk.com'' {{authority control Villages in Cumbria Civil parishes in Cumbria Westmorland and Furness