Claude Ménard (; born 1944) is a

Canadian Canadians () are people identified with the country of Canada. This connection may be residential, legal, historical or cultural. For most Canadians, many (or all) of these connections exist and are collectively the source of their being ''C ...

economist An economist is a professional and practitioner in the social sciences, social science discipline of economics. The individual may also study, develop, and apply theories and concepts from economics and write about economic policy. Within this ...

and professor at the University of Paris I: Panthéon-Sorbonne. Ménard is also the creator and former director of the Centre d'analyse théorique des organisations et des marchés (ATOM), which merged with the Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne in 2009, as well as a co-founder of the Society for Institutional & Organizational Economics (formally the International Society for New Institutional Economics). His research focuses on

institutional An institution is a humanly devised structure of rules and norms that shape and constrain social behavior. All definitions of institutions generally entail that there is a level of persistence and continuity. Laws, rules, social conventions and ...

and

organizational economics Organizational economics (also referred to as ''economics of organization'') involves the use of economic logic and methods to understand the existence, nature, design, and performance of organizations, especially managed ones. Organizational ec ...

Youth and Education

Claude Ménard was born in

Valleyfield, Quebec Salaberry-de-Valleyfield () is a city in southwestern Quebec, Canada, in the Regional County Municipality of Beauharnois-Salaberry. The population as of 2021 was 42,410. The historic downtown is a major touristic centre for the area. Due to th ...

and grew up in Canada. He studied at the University of Montréal, where he obtained a

B.A. A Bachelor of Arts (abbreviated B.A., BA, A.B. or AB; from the Latin ', ', or ') is the holder of a bachelor's degree awarded for an undergraduate program in the liberal arts, or, in some cases, other disciplines. A Bachelor of Arts degree ...

in 1963, a M.A. in 1966, and a doctoral program diploma in the history of sciences in 1970. Thereafter, he moved to

France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...

, where he pursued his studies at the University of Paris I: Panthéon-Sorbonne and obtained Ph.D.s in both the history of sciences and economics with the distinction "

magna cum laude Latin honors are a system of Latin phrases used in some colleges and universities to indicate the level of distinction with which an academic degree has been earned. The system is primarily used in the United States. It is also used in some Sout ...

" in 1974 and 1981, respectively.

Academic career

Following the completion of his postgraduate studies in Montréal, Claude Ménard worked from 1966 to 1974 as professor of

economic history Economic history is the study of history using methodological tools from economics or with a special attention to economic phenomena. Research is conducted using a combination of historical methods, statistical methods and the Applied economics ...

at the Collège Edouard Montpetit in Montréal, while in parallel doing research at the

Canadian Museum of History The Canadian Museum of History () is a national museum on anthropology, Canadian history, cultural studies, and ethnology in Gatineau, Quebec, Canada. The purpose of the museum is to promote the heritage of Canada, as well as support related res ...

(former "Museum of Man") in

Gatineau, Quebec Gatineau ( ; ) is a city in southwestern Quebec, Canada. It is located on the northern bank of the Ottawa River, directly across from Ottawa, Ontario. Gatineau is the largest city in the Outaouais administrative region of Quebec and is also par ...

. He then moved to Europe in 1974 when he accepted a research position at the

University of Utrecht Utrecht University (UU; , formerly ''Rijksuniversiteit Utrecht'') is a public research university in Utrecht, Netherlands. Established , it is one of the oldest universities in the Netherlands. In 2023, it had an enrollment of 39,769 students, a ...

, which he quit in 1978 to become

associate professor Associate professor is an academic title with two principal meanings: in the North American system and that of the ''Commonwealth system''. In the ''North American system'', used in the United States and many other countries, it is a position ...

of economics at the University of Paris I: Panthéon-Sorbonne. He then left Panthéon-Sorbonne after obtaining his Ph.D. in economics to become a

full professor Professor (commonly abbreviated as Prof.) is an academic rank at universities and other post-secondary education and research institutions in most countries. Literally, ''professor'' derives from Latin as a 'person who professes'. Professors ...

of economics at the

University of Dijon A university () is an institution of tertiary education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. ''University'' is derived from the Latin phrase , which roughly means "community of teachers and scholars". Univ ...

in 1981, but returned to Panthéon-Sorbonne as a professor of economics in 1983, a position he still holds to this day. Moreover, Ménard has been an international associate of the Institute of Water Policy of the

National University of Singapore The National University of Singapore (NUS) is a national university, national Public university, public research university in Singapore. It was officially established in 1980 by the merging of the University of Singapore and Nanyang University ...

since 2009 and a senior research fellow at the

TU Delft The Delft University of Technology (TU Delft; ) is the oldest and largest Dutch public university, public Institute of technology, technical university, located in Delft, Netherlands. It specializes in engineering, technology, computing, design, a ...

since

In 1991 Ménard founded the Centre d'analyse théorique des organisations et des marchés (ATOM) at the Sorbonne and directed it until its merger with the Centre d'Économie de la Sorbonne in 2009. In the past he has also worked as senior researcher at the

CNRS The French National Centre for Scientific Research (, , CNRS) is the French state research organisation and is the largest fundamental science agency in Europe. In 2016, it employed 31,637 staff, including 11,137 tenured researchers, 13,415 eng ...

(1998-2000) and has held numerous visiting positions at universities around the world, e.g. the

University of California, Berkeley The University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley, Berkeley, Cal, or California), is a Public university, public Land-grant university, land-grant research university in Berkeley, California, United States. Founded in 1868 and named after t ...

(1991-1992), the

National University of Colombia The National University of Colombia () is a national public research university in Colombia, with general campuses in Bogotá, Medellín, Manizales and Palmira, and satellite campuses in Leticia, San Andrés, Arauca, Tumaco, and La Paz, ...

(1996),

Erasmus University Rotterdam Erasmus University Rotterdam ( ; abbreviated as EUR) is a public research university located in Rotterdam, Netherlands. The university is named after Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus, a 15th-century Christian humanist and theologian. Erasmus M ...

(2002) or the

Massachusetts Institute of Technology The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a Private university, private research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. Established in 1861, MIT has played a significant role in the development of many areas of moder ...

(2004).

Personal life

Claude Ménard has two daughters and is passionate about

cross-country skiing Cross-country skiing is a form of skiing whereby skiers traverse snow-covered terrain without use of ski lifts or other assistance. Cross-country skiing is widely practiced as a sport and recreational activity; however, some still use it as a m ...

and

canoeing Canoeing is an activity which involves paddling a canoe with a single-bladed paddle. In some parts of Europe, canoeing refers to both canoeing and kayaking, with a canoe being called an 'open canoe' or Canadian. A few of the recreational ...

.Claude Ménard's homepage
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Bibliography

* Claude Ménard: ''La Formation d'une rationalité économique''. Paris: Flammarion, 1978. * Claude Ménard: ''L'économie des organisations''. Paris: La Découverte, 1990. ** Claude Ménard: ''L'économie des organisations''. Paris: La Découverte, 2004 (2nd ed.). ** Claude Ménard: ''L'économie des organisations''. Paris: La Découverte, 2012 (3rd ed.). * Claude Ménard (ed.): ''Transaction Cost Economics: Recent Developments''. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing Co., 1997. * Claude Ménard (ed.): ''Institutions, Contracts and Organizations. Perspectives from New Institutional Economics''. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing Co., 2000. * V.E. Brusilovsky, L.E. Grigoriev, A.E. Shastitko: ''Problems of Price and Tarif Regulation of Natural Monopoly Services: The Case of Federal Airports''. Moscow: Bureau of Economic Analysis, 2001. * M. Ghertman, Claude Ménard: ''Regulation, Deregulation, Reregulation''. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing Co., 2009. * Bernard Abeillé, Christine Leon de Mariz, Claude Ménard: ''Public Procurement Reforms in Africa. Challenges in Institutions and Governance''. Oxford (UK): Oxford University Press, 2014. * Claude Ménard: ''The Economics of Organization''. Cambridge (UK): Cambridge University Press, forthcoming.

References

External links

Claude Ménard's homepage
{{DEFAULTSORT:Menard, Claude 20th-century Canadian economists 21st-century Canadian economists New institutional economists Academic staff of the University of Paris University of Paris alumni Université de Montréal alumni 1944 births Living people