Churu, Rajasthan
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Churu is a city in the Sekhawati region of
Rajasthan Rajasthan (; Literal translation, lit. 'Land of Kings') is a States and union territories of India, state in northwestern India. It covers or 10.4 per cent of India's total geographical area. It is the List of states and union territories of ...
state of India. It is known as the gateway to the
Thar Desert The Thar Desert (), also known as the Great Indian Desert, is an arid region in the north-western part of the Indian subcontinent that covers an area of in India and Pakistan. It is the world's 18th-largest desert, and the world's 9th-large ...
of Rajasthan. It is the administrative headquarter of
Churu District Churu is a district of the northern Indian state of Rajasthan. Churu lies in the Sekhawati region of northern Rajasthan and shares boundaries with the Hanumangarh District to the north, the Haryana state to the east, the Jhunjhunu and Sikar ...
. It lies in the Thar Desert on the National Highway 52 connecting
Sangrur Sangrur is a city in the Indian state of Punjab, India. It is the headquarters of Sangrur District. Geography Sangrur is located at . It has an average elevation of 237 metres (778 feet). Climate Health services City has PGIM ...
to
Ankola Ankola is a town municipal council and taluka in the Uttara Kannada district of the Indian state of Karnataka. The town is approximately from district headquarters Karwar. Ankola is a small town surrounded by temples, schools, paddy fields ...
and is a junction station on the railway line to
Bikaner Bikaner () is a city in the northwest of the States and territories of India, state of Rajasthan, India. It is located northwest of the state capital, Jaipur. It is the administrative headquarters of Bikaner District and Bikaner division. Fo ...
. It is near the shifting
sand dunes A dune is a landform composed of wind- or water-driven sand. It typically takes the form of a mound, ridge, or hill. An area with dunes is called a dune system or a dune complex. A large dune complex is called a dune field, while broad, flat ...
of the Thar Desert and has grand
haveli A ''haveli'' is a traditional townhouse, mansion, or manor house, in the Indian subcontinent, usually one with historical and architectural significance, and located in a town or city. The word ''haveli'' is derived from Arabic ''hawali'', me ...
s with marvelous
fresco Fresco ( or frescoes) is a technique of mural painting executed upon freshly laid ("wet") lime plaster. Water is used as the vehicle for the dry-powder pigment to merge with the plaster, and with the setting of the plaster, the painting become ...
paintings, namely ''Kanhaiya Lal Bagla Ki Haweli'' and ''Surana Haweli'', with hundreds of small windows. It also has some fine
Chhatri ''Chhatri'' are semi-open, elevated, dome-shaped pavilions used as an element in Indo-Islamic architecture and Indian architecture. They are most commonly square, octagonal, and round. Originating as a canopy above tombs, they largely ser ...
s. Near the town is a religious seat of the Nath sect of
Sadhu ''Sadhu'' (, IAST: ' (male), ''sādhvī'' or ''sādhvīne'' (female), also spelled ''saddhu'') is a religious ascetic, mendicant or any holy person in Hinduism and Jainism who has renounced the worldly life. They are sometimes alternatively ...
s where there are life-size marble statues of their deities and a place for prayers. At the center of the town is a fort built about 500 years ago.


History

Churu was founded by a
Jat The Jat people (, ), also spelt Jaat and Jatt, are a traditionally agricultural community in Northern India and Pakistan. Originally pastoralists in the lower Indus river-valley of Sindh, many Jats migrated north into the Punjab region in l ...
chief of Nain clan, Chaudhary Chuhru Singh in the 16th century.


Economy

Churu economy is mainly based on small industries of embroidery and painting. Shri Salasar Balaji Temple located in Salasar was the part of district. But after division it was shifted in Sujangarh district. Shri Babosa Dham is situated in the city. As about eight
Tehsil A tehsil (, also known as tahsil, taluk, or taluka () is a local unit of administrative division in India and Pakistan. It is a subdistrict of the area within a Zila (country subdivision), district including the designated populated place that ser ...
s lie in Churu district with more than 900 villages along with 248 panchayats and about two million population, the economy of the town and surrounding area is mainly based on animal husbandry and hand embroidery work done by women. Due to the climatic conditions, the scope of agriculture is very low in Churu. Many women here are engaged in hand embroidery. The main source of income for the people living in rural areas of Churu is from dairy. Churu has a small market for a few agricultural produce of the area. The town has an Agricultural Produce Market Committee. The
Food Corporation of India The Food Corporation of India (FCI) is a public sector company. It is under the ownership of Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution, formed by the enactment of Food Corporation Act, 1964 by the Parliament of India. Its t ...
has its warehouses in Churu. The town is the main supply point for surrounding villages. There is no medium or large size industry in the industrial area. The very few small-scale industries are granite slabs and tiles, cutting and polishing, and mustard seed crushing. The city is organized around Kalera Bass surrounding many areas like Chandani Chowk, Adarsh Nagar, Balmiki Basti, Mochiwarah and Subhash Chowk.


Geography and climate


Climate

Churu has a hot
semi arid A semi-arid climate, semi-desert climate, or steppe climate is a dry climate sub-type. It is located on regions that receive precipitation below potential evapotranspiration, but not as low as a desert climate. There are different kinds of sem ...
climate (Koppen: BSh), getting most of its rain during the monsoon season in the summer. Temperatures in Churu usually range from . The region boasts record temperatures ranging from below freezing point in the winters to over 50 degrees in the summer afternoons. Before dawn in the months of December and January one may not be surprised to notice ice in small waterpots or frozen water dews on the little vegetation. Yet one may find that summer nights are cooler and winter days are warmer. There is a great variation in the minimum and the maximum temperature of Churu. Churu's lowest recorded temperature is and highest temperature ever recorded is on 1 and 2 June 2019. Even in 2020, Churu recorded a maximum of . On 30 December 2020, Churu recorded , the coldest December night in 46 years. On May 28, 2024, Churu recorded all time high for May at .


Demographics

As per 2001 census of India, Churu had a population of 97,627. Males constituted 52% of the population and the remaining females. Churu has an average literacy rate of 62%, higher than the national average of 59.5%; male literacy is 72% and female literacy is 51%. In Churu, 17% of the population is under six years of age. As per the provisional reports of the census of India, the population of Churu in 2011 is 119,846, constituting 61,771 males and 58,075 females respectively.


Infrastructure

Transport Churu railway station is a junction station on
Delhi Delhi, officially the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi, is a city and a union territory of India containing New Delhi, the capital of India. Straddling the Yamuna river, but spread chiefly to the west, or beyond its Bank (geography ...
-
Rewari Rewari is a city and a municipal council in Rewari district in the Indian state of Haryana. It is the district headquarters of Rewari district. It is located in south-west Haryana around 82 km from DelhiDelhi Delhi, officially the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi, is a city and a union territory of India containing New Delhi, the capital of India. Straddling the Yamuna river, but spread chiefly to the west, or beyond its Bank (geography ...
to Bikaner via Churu also connects to
Jaipur Jaipur (; , ) is the List of state and union territory capitals in India, capital and the List of cities and towns in Rajasthan, largest city of the north-western States and union territories of India, Indian state of Rajasthan. , the city had ...
via
Sikar Sikar is a city and municipal council in the Sikar district of the state of Rajasthan in India. It is the administrative headquarters of the Sikar district. It is largest city of the Shekhawati region, which consists of Sikar, Churu and Jhu ...
. The railway track to
Jaipur Jaipur (; , ) is the List of state and union territory capitals in India, capital and the List of cities and towns in Rajasthan, largest city of the north-western States and union territories of India, Indian state of Rajasthan. , the city had ...
was meter gauge and now converted to broad gauge and operational. Churu lies on NH 52 and is connected to all major cities (
Kaithal Kaithal () is a city and municipal council in the Kaithal district of the Indian state of Haryana. Kaithal was previously a part of Karnal district and later, Kurukshetra district until 1 November 1989, when it became the headquarters of the ...
) by all-weather roads. Electricity There is one sub-grid station of 220 KV at Churu. The town receives power from
Power Grid Corporation of India Power Grid Corporation of India Limited is an Indian central public sector undertaking under the ownership of the Ministry of Power, Government of India. It is engaged mainly in transmission of bulk power across different states of India. I ...
's grid station in Hissar,
Haryana Haryana () is a States and union territories of India, state located in the northern part of India. It was carved out after the linguistic reorganisation of Punjab, India, Punjab on 1 November 1966. It is ranked 21st in terms of area, with les ...
. Almost all villages of the Churu sub division are electrified. Water The town gets drinking water from local wells which is hard and brackish. The town area drinking water supply is managed by the water department of the
Government of Rajasthan The Government of Rajasthan is the supreme governing authority of the Indian state of Rajasthan and its districts of Rajasthan, 41 districts. It consists of an executive branch, led by the governor of Rajasthan, as well as judiciary and legis ...
. The government is trying to get drinking water for the area from
Indira Gandhi Canal The Indira Gandhi Canal (originally, Rajasthan Canal) project, with total length of to depending on how the length is calculated which either way includes the length of the Rajasthan Feeder Canal and the downstream length of main Indira Gan ...
. The main source of irrigation for farmers continues to be rain water and wells at a few places.
Safe Water Network Safe Water Network is a non-profit organization founded in 2006 by actor and philanthropist Paul Newman, along with other civic and business leaders. Purpose The organization was founded to help address the evidence gap in off-grid water sy ...
India in association with Bhoruka Charitable Trust has augmented natural water storage at homes through Rooftop Rain Water Harvesting by creating household wells and has also refurbished existing community wells to provide water to families living in huts and children in schools. This initiative has reduced the drudgery of women and the children in this water-challenged region of Rajasthan. Education The town has two post-graduate colleges: Lohia College which is affiliated to University of Bikaner and Balika Mahavidalya and Government Law College, affiliated to Maharaja Ganga Singh University. There are several higher secondary, secondary and primary schools in Churu. Major schools of Churu are: Kendriya Vidyalaya, Lords International School, Little Flower School, Shri Jain Swetambar Terapanthi Sen. Sec. School, The Walden Pond Sr. Sec. School, Lakshmipat Singhania Academy, Adarsh Vidya Mandir, Montessori School, Goenka School and Bagla Senior Secondary School which is the oldest school of Shekhawati region established by Bhagwandas Bagla. Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya Medical College, Churu NGOs There are few
NGO A non-governmental organization (NGO) is an independent, typically nonprofit organization that operates outside government control, though it may get a significant percentage of its funding from government or corporate sources. NGOs often focus ...
s in the town, including Navyuvak Mandal Mithi Redu, Manav Pragati Sansthan, Prayas Sansthan, Marudhar Yuva Sansthan, Dudhwa Mitha, Asgar Khan Advocate Charitable Trust. Telecommunications Many telecommunications service companies such as
BSNL Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (commonly known as BSNL) () is an Indian central public sector undertaking, under the ownership of Department of Telecommunications, which is part of the Ministry of Communications, Government of India with its he ...
,
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,
Airtel Bharti Airtel Limited is an Indian multinational telecommunications company based in New Delhi. It operates in 18 countries across South Asia and Africa, as well as the Channel Islands. Currently, Airtel provides 5G, 4G and LTE Advanced ...
,
Tata DoCoMo Tata Docomo was an Indian mobile network operator, a wholly owned subsidiary of Tata Teleservices deriving its name from NTT Docomo who invested in the company in 2008. In October 2017, Bharti Airtel announced a merger deal with Tata Telese ...
and
Idea In philosophy and in common usage, an idea (from the Greek word: ἰδέα (idea), meaning 'a form, or a pattern') is the results of thought. Also in philosophy, ideas can also be mental representational images of some object. Many philosophe ...
have their network in Churu. Internet and fax services are also available.
Tata Teleservices Tata Teleservices Limited along with its subsidiary Tata Teleservices (Maharashtra) Limited is an Indian internet services provider and IT services company headquartered in Mumbai, India. It is listed on BSE and NSE in India. History On 13 ...
caters the rural telephony in the villages having base of 70,000 users in villages. Hospitals Churu has good medical facilities with Medical college. The town has a government hospital along with few private hospitals like the Hirawat Heart Care Centre and Bhanu Hospital. There is also an Ayurvedic hospital in Churu. Sports The town has a sports stadium. It has indoor and outdoor games facilities. It has the infrastructure to hold yearly state-level tournaments. Adventure sports like Parasailing, Paramotoring, Rappelling are also organized in Churu. Banking Many nationalised banks
Central Bank of India The Central Bank of India (CBI) is an Public sector banks in India, Indian public sector bank based in Mumbai. Despite its name, CBI is not the central bank of India, a role served by the Reserve Bank of India. History The Central Bank of ...
,
Punjab National Bank Punjab National Bank alias PNB is an Public sector banks in India, Indian government bank based in New Delhi. It was founded in May 1894 and is the List of banks in India, second-largest public sector bank in India in terms of its business volum ...
,
Bank of Baroda Bank of Baroda (BOB or BoB) is an Public sector banks in India, Indian government Public sector bank headquartered in Vadodara, Gujarat. It is the third largest Public sector banks in India, public sector bank in India after State Bank of India ...
,
State Bank of India State Bank of India (SBI) is an Indian Multinational corporation, multinational Public sector undertakings in India, public sector bank and financial service body headquartered in Mumbai. It is the largest bank in India with a 23% market shar ...
,
ICICI Bank ICICI Bank Limited is an Indian multinational bank and financial services company headquartered in Mumbai with a registered office in Vadodara. It offers a wide range of banking and financial services for corporate and retail customers throu ...
,
Axis Bank Axis Bank Limited, formerly known as UTI Bank (1993–2007), is an Indian Multinational corporation, multinational banking and financial services company headquartered in Mumbai. It is India's third largest private sector bank by assets and fo ...
and
HDFC Bank HDFC Bank Limited is an Indian banking and financial services company, headquartered in Mumbai. It is India's largest private sector bank by assets and market capitalisation. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has identified the HDFC Bank, Stat ...
have branches in Churu. Some co-operative banks like Churu Central Cooperative Bank and Bhumi Vikas Bank also have branches in the town. Library The town has a public library called Shri Sagar Jain Jila Pustkalaya.


Administration

District Collector and District Magistrate of Churu is Shri Siddharth Sihag and Superintendent of Police is Shri Rajesh Kumar Meena. Churu constituency elects one member to the Vidhan Sabha (Rajasthan State Assembly) & one to
Lok Sabha The Lok Sabha, also known as the House of the People, is the lower house of Parliament of India which is Bicameralism, bicameral, where the upper house is Rajya Sabha. Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha, Members of the Lok Sabha are elected by a ...
(Indian Parliament)


Notable people

* Laxmi Niwas Mittal, Chairman & CEO of
ArcelorMittal ArcelorMittal S.A. is a Luxembourg-based multinational steel manufacturing corporation, headquartered in Luxembourg City. It is ranked second on the list of steel producers behind Baowu, and had an annual crude steel production of 58 millio ...
. Born in
Sadulpur Sadulpur, natively known as Rajgarh is a city, municipality, tehsil and Rajasthan Legislative Assembly, Legislative Assembly seat in Churu district of northern part of Rajasthan States and territories of India, state in India. It was the t ...
Town
Churu District Churu is a district of the northern Indian state of Rajasthan. Churu lies in the Sekhawati region of northern Rajasthan and shares boundaries with the Hanumangarh District to the north, the Haryana state to the east, the Jhunjhunu and Sikar ...
. *
Mohar Singh Rathore Mohar Singh Rathore (5 January 1926 – 22 June 1985) was a social reformer and politician from Indian National Congress. He was elected as a member of Lok Sabha from Churu Lok Sabha constituency, Churu constituency in 1984. He was also electe ...
, social reformer and MLA & MP of Churu. * Bhanwar Singh Samaur, writer, historian and poet of Rajasthani and Hindi. * Bharat Vyas, Indian lyricist who wrote the songs for Hindi films in the 1950s and 1960s * Kishan Singh Rathore, one of the first recipients of the Mahavir Chakra. * Bhanwarlal Sharma, member of Legislative Assembly. * Vinay Maloo, founder and chairman of
Enso Group Enso Group is a Multinational corporation, multinational diversified Conglomerate (company), conglomerate. The group was founded in 2005 by Chairman Vinay Maloo. It was started with a cluster of oil and gas exploration and production companie ...
* Rajendra Rathore, MLA from Churu constituency and Rural Development Minister in
Government of Rajasthan The Government of Rajasthan is the supreme governing authority of the Indian state of Rajasthan and its districts of Rajasthan, 41 districts. It consists of an executive branch, led by the governor of Rajasthan, as well as judiciary and legis ...
. * Subhash Chandra Lakhotia, cytogeneticist


See also

*
Churu District Churu is a district of the northern Indian state of Rajasthan. Churu lies in the Sekhawati region of northern Rajasthan and shares boundaries with the Hanumangarh District to the north, the Haryana state to the east, the Jhunjhunu and Sikar ...
* Churu (Lok Sabha Constituency) * Ramgarh, Sikar


References


External links

* {{Authority control Cities and towns in Churu district Shekhawati Thar Desert Populated places established in 1620 1620 establishments in India