''Chlorococcum'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

green algae The green algae (: green alga) are a group of chlorophyll-containing autotrophic eukaryotes consisting of the phylum Prasinodermophyta and its unnamed sister group that contains the Chlorophyta and Charophyta/ Streptophyta. The land plants ...

, in the family

Chlorococcaceae Chlorococcaceae is a family of green algae, in the order Chlamydomonadales. They are mostly soil-dwelling algae. Many members of this group produce lipids and secondary carotenoids. The Chlorococcaceae consists mostly of coccoid (single, nonmoti ...

. The alga may be useful in the

flocculation In colloidal chemistry, flocculation is a process by which colloidal particles come out of Suspension (chemistry), suspension to sediment in the form of floc or flake, either spontaneously or due to the addition of a clarifying agent. The actio ...

of lipids from wastewater. It can be found in fresh water, but is more commonly found in soil or subaerial habitats (such as growing on tree bark, wood, stones, or plaster). ''Chlorococcum'' consists of spherical cells which are single or sometimes borne in small clusters; when colonial, there is sometimes a thin layer of

mucilage Mucilage is a thick gluey substance produced by nearly all plants and some microorganisms. These microorganisms include protists which use it for their locomotion, with the direction of their movement always opposite to that of the secretion of ...

. Cells contain a single cup-shaped, parietal

chloroplast A chloroplast () is a type of membrane-bound organelle, organelle known as a plastid that conducts photosynthesis mostly in plant cell, plant and algae, algal cells. Chloroplasts have a high concentration of chlorophyll pigments which captur ...

with one

pyrenoid Pyrenoids are sub-cellular phase-separated micro-compartments found in chloroplasts of many algae,Giordano, M., Beardall, J., & Raven, J. A. (2005). CO2 concentrating mechanisms in algae: mechanisms, environmental modulation, and evolution. ''An ...

. ''Chlorococcum'' reproduces by the formation of

autospore Autospores are a type of spores that are produced by algae to enable asexual reproduction and spread. They are non-motile and non-Flagellated cell, flagellated Aplanospore, aplanospores that are generated within a parent cell and have the same sha ...

s or

zoospore A zoospore is a motile asexual spore that uses a flagellum for locomotion in aqueous or moist environments. Also called a swarm spore, these spores are created by some protists, bacteria, and fungi to propagate themselves. Certain zoospores are ...

s. The zoospores have two

flagella A flagellum (; : flagella) (Latin for 'whip' or 'scourge') is a hair-like appendage that protrudes from certain plant and animal sperm cells, from fungal spores ( zoospores), and from a wide range of microorganisms to provide motility. Many pr ...

of equal length. ''Chlorococcum'' was traditionally defined using morphological characteristics. However, using

molecular phylogenetics Molecular phylogenetics () is the branch of phylogeny that analyzes genetic, hereditary molecular differences, predominantly in DNA sequences, to gain information on an organism's evolutionary relationships. From these analyses, it is possible to ...

, the genus was found to be

polyphyletic A polyphyletic group is an assemblage that includes organisms with mixed evolutionary origin but does not include their most recent common ancestor. The term is often applied to groups that share similar features known as Homoplasy, homoplasies ...

. Therefore, the genus was revised, with several new genera split off (e.g. '' Alvikia'').

Species

AlgaeBase AlgaeBase is a global species database of information on all groups of algae, both seaweed, marine and freshwater algae, freshwater, as well as sea-grass. History AlgaeBase began in March 1996, founded by Michael D. Guiry, Michael Guiry. Text ...

accepted the following species: *'' Chlorococcum acidum'' P.A.Archibald & Bold *'' Chlorococcum aegyptiacum'' P.A.Archibald *''

Chlorococcum aerium ''Chlorococcum'' is a genus of green algae, in the family Chlorococcaceae. The alga may be useful in the flocculation of lipids from wastewater. It can be found in fresh water, but is more commonly found in soil or subaerial habitats (such as gro ...

'' (R.M.Brown & Bold) Wanatabe & Lewis *'' Chlorococcum africanum'' Reinsch *'' Chlorococcum amblystomatis'' (F.D.Lambert ex N.Wille) N.Correia, J.Varela & Leonel Pereira *'' Chlorococcum aquaticum'' P.A.Archibald *''

Chlorococcum botryoides ''Chlorococcum'' is a genus of green algae, in the family Chlorococcaceae. The alga may be useful in the flocculation of lipids from wastewater. It can be found in fresh water, but is more commonly found in soil or subaerial habitats (such as gro ...

'' (Kützing) Rabenhorst *''

Chlorococcum chlorococcoides ''Chlorococcum'' is a genus of green algae, in the family Chlorococcaceae. The alga may be useful in the flocculation of lipids from wastewater. It can be found in fresh water, but is more commonly found in soil or subaerial habitats (such as gro ...

'' (Korshikov) Philipose *''

Chlorococcum choloepodis ''Chlorococcum'' is a genus of green algae, in the family Chlorococcaceae. The alga may be useful in the flocculation of lipids from wastewater. It can be found in fresh water, but is more commonly found in soil or subaerial habitats (such as gro ...

'' (J.Kühn) D.E.Wujek & P.Timpano *''

Chlorococcum citriforme ''Chlorococcum'' is a genus of green algae, in the family Chlorococcaceae. The alga may be useful in the flocculation of lipids from wastewater. It can be found in fresh water, but is more commonly found in soil or subaerial habitats (such as gro ...

'' P.A.Archibald & Bold *''

Chlorococcum costatozygotum ''Chlorococcum'' is a genus of green algae, in the family Chlorococcaceae. The alga may be useful in the flocculation of lipids from wastewater. It can be found in fresh water, but is more commonly found in soil or subaerial habitats (such as gro ...

'' Ettl & Gärtner *''

Chlorococcum diplobionticum ''Chlorococcum'' is a genus of green algae, in the family Chlorococcaceae. The alga may be useful in the flocculation of lipids from wastewater. It can be found in fresh water, but is more commonly found in soil or subaerial habitats (such as gro ...

'' Herndon *''

Chlorococcum echinozygotum ''Chlorococcum'' is a genus of green algae, in the family Chlorococcaceae. The alga may be useful in the flocculation of lipids from wastewater. It can be found in fresh water, but is more commonly found in soil or subaerial habitats (such as gro ...

'' R.C.Starr *''

Chlorococcum elbense ''Chlorococcum'' is a genus of green algae, in the family Chlorococcaceae. The alga may be useful in the flocculation of lipids from wastewater. It can be found in fresh water, but is more commonly found in soil or subaerial habitats (such as gro ...

'' P.A.Archibald *''

Chlorococcum elkhartiense ''Chlorococcum'' is a genus of green algae, in the family Chlorococcaceae. The alga may be useful in the flocculation of lipids from wastewater. It can be found in fresh water, but is more commonly found in soil or subaerial habitats (such as gro ...

'' P.A.Archibald & Bold *''

Chlorococcum ellipsoideum ''Chlorococcum'' is a genus of green algae, in the family Chlorococcaceae. The alga may be useful in the flocculation of lipids from wastewater. It can be found in fresh water, but is more commonly found in soil or subaerial habitats (such as gro ...

'' Deason & Bold *'' Chlorococcum endozoicum'' Collins *'' Chlorococcum fissum'' P.A.Archibald & Bold *'' Chlorococcum hypnosporum'' Starr *'' Chlorococcum infusionum'' (Schrank) Meneghini *'' Chlorococcum isabeliense'' P.A.Archibald & Bold *'' Chlorococcum lobatum'' (Korshikov) F.E.Fritsch & R.P.John *'' Chlorococcum macropyrenoidosum'' (Deason & Ed.R.Cox) Shin Watanabe & L.A.Lewis *'' Chlorococcum macrostigmatum'' R.C.Starr *'' Chlorococcum microstigmatum'' P.A.Archibald & Bold *'' Chlorococcum minimum'' Ettl & Gärtner *'' Chlorococcum minutum'' R.C.Starr *'' Chlorococcum nivale'' P.A.Archibald *'' Chlorococcum novae-angliae'' P.A.Archibald & Bold *'' Chlorococcum oleofaciens'' Trainor & Bold *'' Chlorococcum olivaceum'' (Rabenhorst) Rabenhorst *'' Chlorococcum pamirum'' P.A.Archibald *'' Chlorococcum papillatum'' Demczenko *'' Chlorococcum pinguideum'' Arce & Bold *'' Chlorococcum pleiopyrenigerum'' (L.Moewus) Ettl & Gärtner *'' Chlorococcum pseudodictyosphaerium'' Metting *'' Chlorococcum pyrenoidosum'' P.A.Archibald *'' Chlorococcum rugosum'' P.A.Archibald & Bold *'' Chlorococcum salinum'' Archibald *'' Chlorococcum schizochlamys'' (Korshikov) Philipose *'' Chlorococcum schwarzii'' Ettl & Gärtner *'' Chlorococcum sphagni'' P.A.Dangeard *'' Chlorococcum submarinum'' Ålvik *'' Chlorococcum tatrense'' P.A.Archibald *'' Chlorococcum turfosum'' (Shin Watanabe & L.A.Lewis) Nakada, Shin Watanabe & L.A.Lewis *'' Chlorococcum vacuolatum'' R.C.Starr *'' Chlorococcum vitiosum'' Printz

References

External links

AlgaTerra database

Index Nominum Genericorum
Chlorococcaceae Chlorococcaceae genera {{Chlorophyceae-stub