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The Chinese Peasants' and Workers' Democratic Party (CPWDP) is one of the eight minor democratic parties in the
People's Republic of China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. With population of China, a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the list of countries by population (United Nations), second-most populous country after ...
under the direction of the
Chinese Communist Party The Communist Party of China (CPC), also translated into English as Chinese Communist Party (CCP), is the founding and One-party state, sole ruling party of the People's Republic of China (PRC). Founded in 1921, the CCP emerged victorious in the ...
. The party was officially founded in the
Shanghai French Concession The Shanghai French Concession was a concessions in China, foreign concession in Shanghai, Republic of China (1912–1949), China from 1849 until 1943. For much of the 20th century, the area covered by the former French Concession remained the ...
on 9 August 1930 by left-wing members of the
Kuomintang The Kuomintang (KMT) is a major political party in the Republic of China (Taiwan). It was the one party state, sole ruling party of the country Republic of China (1912-1949), during its rule from 1927 to 1949 in Mainland China until Retreat ...
. It is mainly made up of members who mostly work in the fields of public health, medicine, and associated fields in science and technology. It is the fifth-ranking minor party in China. It currently has 60 seats in the
National People's Congress The National People's Congress (NPC) is the highest organ of state power of the People's Republic of China (PRC). The NPC is the only branch of government in China, and per the principle of unified power, all state organs from the Sta ...
, 5 seats in the NPC Standing Committee and 45 seats in the
Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference The Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) is a political advisory body in the People's Republic of China and a central part of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP)'s United front (China), united front system. Its members adv ...
. The current chairman of CPWDP is
He Wei He Wei (, born December 1955) is a Chinese politician, who is currently a vice chairperson of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, and the chairman of the Chinese Peasants' and Workers' Democratic Party. Between 2018 and 202 ...
.


History

The party had its origins in the collapse of the
First United Front The First United Front , also known as the KMT–CCP Alliance, of the Kuomintang (KMT) and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), was formed in 1924 as an alliance to end Warlord Era, warlordism in China. Together they formed the National Revolution ...
when they first met in November 1927. Its original members were left-wing
Kuomintang The Kuomintang (KMT) is a major political party in the Republic of China (Taiwan). It was the one party state, sole ruling party of the country Republic of China (1912-1949), during its rule from 1927 to 1949 in Mainland China until Retreat ...
members and expelled Communists which called themselves the "Provisional Action Committee of the Kuomintang" or "Third Party" (despite the name, the
Young China Party The Young China Party (YCP), also known as the Chinese Youth Party (CYP), is a minor political party in Taiwan (Republic of China). It was one of the three legal political parties in Taiwan during the martial law period from 1949 to 1987, t ...
was third largest in the late 1920s–40s). The party was officially founded in the
Shanghai French Concession The Shanghai French Concession was a concessions in China, foreign concession in Shanghai, Republic of China (1912–1949), China from 1849 until 1943. For much of the 20th century, the area covered by the former French Concession remained the ...
on 9 August 1930, leading it to become a cohesive entity under
Deng Yanda Deng Yanda ( zh , s=邓演达 , t=鄧演達 , p=Dèng Yǎndá , j=dang6 jin2daat6, 1 March 1895 – 29 November 1931) was a military officer in the Chinese Nationalist Party. He broke with party leaders in 1927, denouncing them as traitors to th ...
, who organized it under
democratic centralism Democratic centralism is the organisational principle of most communist parties, in which decisions are made by a process of vigorous and open debate amongst party membership, and are subsequently binding upon all members of the party. The co ...
like both the Nationalists and Communists. Deng was secretly executed by Chiang Kai-shek in 1931 and the party went underground. In 1933, the party, now led by
Huang Qixiang Huang Qixiang (; 2 September 1898 – 10 December 1970) was a Chinese military commander and statesman. He led the Chinese Peasants' and Workers' Democratic Party, Chinese Action Committee for National Liberation in 1933 during the short-lived P ...
, joined with the short-lived " Productive People's Party" in starting the failed
People's Revolutionary Government of the Republic of China The Fujian People's Government (also spelled as the Fukien People's Government, ), officially the People's Revolutionary Government of the Republic of China (), was a short-lived anti-Kuomintang government that established a Democratic Republi ...
. In 1935, they renamed themselves in to the "Chinese Action Committee for National Liberation". It was one of the founding parties of the
China Democratic League The China Democratic League (CDL) is one of the eight minor democratic parties in the People's Republic of China under the direction of the Chinese Communist Party. The CDL was originally founded in 1941 as a pro-democracy umbrella coalition g ...
. Its leaders renamed the party in February 1947 to its current name.


Organization

According to its constitution, the CPWDP is officially committed to
socialism with Chinese characteristics Socialism with Chinese characteristics (; ) is a set of political theories and policies of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) that are seen by their proponents as representing Marxism adapted to Chinese circumstances. The term was first establ ...
and upholding the leadership of the CCP. It is the fifth-ranking minor democratic party in China. The highest body of the CPWDP officially is the National Congress, which is held every five years. The 17th National Congress, held in December 2022, was the most recently held Party Congress. The National Congress elects the Central Committee of the CPWDP. In June 2022, the party had organizations in 30 province-level administrative divisions throughout China. The CPWDP publishes the newspapers ''Qianjin Luntan'' ("''Forum For Advancement''") and ''Medicine & Health Care Daily''.


Composition

The CPWDP is made up of members who mostly work in the fields of
public health Public health is "the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through the organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private, communities and individuals". Analyzing the de ...
, medicine, and associated fields in science and technology. , it has a membership of 192,000.


Chairpersons

The leader of the Party is officially called the Chairperson of the Central Committee of the Chinese Peasants' and Workers' Democratic Party. Between 9 August 1930 and 10 November 1935, the office was known as the Secretary-General of the Central Executive Committee of the Provisional Action Committee of the Kuomintang, which changed to the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Chinese National Liberation Action Committee on 10 November 1935, which changed to the General Contact Person of the Central Provisional Executive Committee of the Chinese National Liberation Action Committee in March 1938, which again changed and assumed its current name on 3 February 1947.


Electoral history


National People's Congress The National People's Congress (NPC) is the highest organ of state power of the People's Republic of China (PRC). The NPC is the only branch of government in China, and per the principle of unified power, all state organs from the Sta ...
elections


Notable members

* Jin Jingzhe (born 1963), Chinese physician and delegate to the National People's Congress


References


External links

* {{Authority control 1927 establishments in China Political parties established in 1927 Democratic parties of China