Chełm (; ) is an administrative district () of the city of

Gdańsk Gdańsk is a city on the Baltic Sea, Baltic coast of northern Poland, and the capital of the Pomeranian Voivodeship. With a population of 486,492, Data for territorial unit 2261000. it is Poland's sixth-largest city and principal seaport. Gdań ...

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukrai ...

. Although once the most populous district of the city, its size and population were significantly reduced from 2010 up until 2019 as new districts were separated from it.

Location

From the north, the district is bordered by the districts of

Siedlce Siedlce () ( ) is a city in the Masovian Voivodeship in eastern Poland with 77,354 inhabitants (). The city is situated between two small rivers, the Muchawka and the Helenka, and lies along the European route E30, around east of Warsaw. It is ...

and Śródmieście, from the east by Orunia-Św. Wojciech-Lipce, from the south by Orunia Górna-Gdańsk Południe and Ujeścisko-Łostowice and from the west by

Wzgórze Mickiewicza Wzgórze Mickiewicza () is one of the quarters of the city of Gdańsk, Poland. It is the city's smallest district by population and land area. Location and geography Wzgórze Mickiewicza borders Siedlce to the north, east, and west and Chełm ...

. Currently, the quarters ('' osiedla'') of Chełm are Stary Chełm and Nowy Chełm.

History

What is today Chełm was initially part of the settlement of Górka, owned by the

Bishop of Włocławek A bishop is an ordained member of the clergy who is entrusted with a position of authority and oversight in a religious institution. In Christianity, bishops are normally responsible for the governance and administration of dioceses. The role ...

and centered around Biskupia Górka. The settlement of Nowa Górka was separated from Górka in 1356, slowly expanding with various episcopal orders. In 1518, the village's German name ''Stolzenberg'' was first mentioned. Two years later, in 1520, it was burnt down because of fighgting amidst the Polish–Teutonic War of 1519–1521. Nowa Górka was again destroyed during the Siege of Danzig (1577). After settlement was forbidden on Biskupia Górka, which was on one of the main roads to Gdańsk, the nearby areas, part of the village of Nowa Górka, grew rapidly. By the 17th century, more than 100 homes were present in the village. Nowa Górka became widely known for its production of ceramics. Even as the city of Gdańsk continued making efforts to restrict Nowa Górka's growth, it continued its expansion. In 1655, it was burnt down once again during the Siege of Gdańsk (1655–1660). The Chełm-Gdańsk Cemetery, a large Jewish cemetery, was established in Nowa Górka in 1676 and the village was destroyed again in 1734, during the Siege of Danzig (1734) in the

War of the Polish Succession The War of the Polish Succession (; 1733–35) was a major European conflict sparked by a civil war in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth over the succession to Augustus II the Strong, which the other European powers widened in pursuit of ...

. Nowa Górka, up until 1767, had been the property of the

Roman Catholic Diocese of Włocławek Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy *Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of Roman civilization *Epistle to the Romans, shortened to Romans, a letter w ...

, for which it had yielded significant profit. Nowa Górka experienced significant population decline in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. In 1772, its population was 4,893, and by 1806, it had decreased to 2,657. During the Siege of Danzig in 1807, the town was once again destroyed and its population was decreased to 780. 6 years later, it was almost completely destroyed in the Siege of Danzig (1813) and became part of the city of Danzig in 1814. In 1831, during the

1826–1837 cholera pandemic The second cholera pandemic (1826–1837), also known as the Asiatic cholera pandemic, was a cholera pandemic that reached from India across Western Asia to Europe, Great Britain, and the Americas, as well as east to China and Japan. Cholera cau ...

, some of the former cloister grounds in the city were repurposed into a cemetery for the disease's victims. In 1869, merely 116 people lived in Stolzenberg, which had grown to 493 by 1912. The next significant development occurred in 1940, with the construction of a new housing estate for shipyard workers. A subcamp of Stalag XX-B operated in the area during World War II. After Poland regained control of the area in 1945, it was renamed to Pohulanka and then to Wysoka Góra before being given its current name of Chełm in 1949. Nowy Chełm, a new housing development, significantly expanded the district's population in the 1970s. Also in that decade, the district of

Chełm i Gdańsk-Południe Chełm i Gdańsk Południe (; ) has been an administrative district () of the city of Gdańsk, Poland. Between 2010 and 2019 it was divided in the districts of: * Chełm Chełm (; ; ) is a city in eastern Poland in the Lublin Voivodeship with 6 ...

expanded to encompass several nearby villages, including Ujeścisko, Łostowice, and Jasień. In 2010, the former villages of Ujeścisko and Łostowice were separated from

to form the district of Ujeścisko-Łostowice. In 2011, the former village of Jasień was separated to form the eponymous district. In 2019, Orunia Górna-Gdańsk Południe was also split from Chełm; thus, the district reached its final borders.

References

External links

Podział administracyjny Gdańska (Polish)
* gedanopedia.pl
Chełm (Polish)
* gedanopedia.pl
Orunia Górna (Polish)
{{DEFAULTSORT:Chelm Districts of Gdańsk