Charles-Caius Renoux (born in Paris, 1795; died in Paris, 14 March 1846) was a French painter, lithographer, and illustrator. He first achieved success with paintings of medieval churches, particularly the ruins of cloisters and monasteries destroyed during the French Revolution, works for which he is still best known. Renoux also painted landscapes, large-scale battle scenes, and historical subjects, works which uniquely prepared him for the final phase of his career, the creation of spectacular

dioramas A diorama is a replica of a scene, typically a three-dimensional model either full-sized or miniature. Sometimes dioramas are enclosed in a glass showcase at a museum. Dioramas are often built by hobbyists as part of related hobbies like Model ...

, the "moving pictures" of the era. He also taught at the in Paris; his notable students included Narcisse Berchère and

Hector Hanoteau Hector Charles Auguste Octave Constance Hanoteau (25 May 1823 – 7 April 1890) was a French people, French landscape painter born at Decize in Nièvre. At the École des Beaux-Arts, he was a pupil of Régis François Gignoux, Gignoux, and devote ...

Early success and patronage of du Sommerard

Renoux--interior-church-saint-etienne-du-mont-paris

The contemporary scholar Alfred Maury gave this romantic but sparsely detailed account of Renoux’s early life and beginnings as an artist:

M. Renoux was barely reaching his fifteenth year when he lost his master eacher the only one he had ever had; painting had for this very young man a powerful, indefinable attraction, which the violent opposition of his family could not erase. Desperate to overcome the antipathies of his parents, Renoux leaves the paternal roof; he travels through towns, visits monuments rich in masterpieces; from that moment on, his resolution was unshakable, and the day he took the palette to reproduce the interior of the church of Louviers and the casemates of
Château Gaillard Château Gaillard () is a medieval castle ruin overlooking the River Seine above the commune of Les Andelys, in the French department of Eure, in Normandy. It is located some north-west of Paris and from Rouen. Construction began in 1196 u ...
, that day, Renoux was able to exclaim with
Correggio Antonio Allegri da Correggio (August 1489 – 5 March 1534), usually known as just Correggio (, also , , ), was an Italian Renaissance painter who was the foremost painter of the Parma school of the High Renaissance, who was responsible for som ...
: "''Anch io son pittore!'' And I too am a painter!"

Maury does not name Renoux’s "only" master (teacher). Catalogues of the Paris Salons typically name a painter’s instructor, but never do so with Renoux. A newspaper of 1825 called him the "student and emulator" of

Charles Marie Bouton Charles Marie Bouton (16 May 1781 – 28 June 1853) was a French painter. He was a student of Jacques-Louis David, Jean-Victor Bertin and the first French panorama painter Pierre Prévost. He concentrated mostly on the perspective and t ...

and

Louis Daguerre Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre ( ; ; 18 November 1787 – 10 July 1851) was a France, French scientist, artist and photographer, recognized for his invention of the eponymous daguerreotype process of photography. He became known as one of th ...

. Whether or not Renoux took formal instruction from them, these two older artists played an important role in his career. Whatever his training, by 1822, the year Renoux turned 27, his talents as a painter had attracted the patronage of the antiquarian Alexandre du Sommerard, whose collection of medieval art and artifacts would become the

Musée de Cluny The Musée de Cluny (), officially Musée de Cluny-Musée National du Moyen Âge (), is a museum of medieval art in Paris. It is located in the 5th arrondissement of Paris, bordered by square Samuel-Paty to the south, boulevard Saint-Michel to t ...

. Du Sommerard included lithographs of four works by Renoux in his highly influential ''Vues de Provins''. The book, an illustrated tour of medieval churches and abbeys, many of them reduced to ruins in the violence of the French Revolution, was part of an artistic and literary movement, the

troubadour style Taking its name from medieval troubadours, the Troubadour Style () is a rather derisive term, in English usually applied to French historical painting of the early 19th century with idealised depictions of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. In ...

, that romanticized the

Middle Ages In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the 5th to the late 15th centuries, similarly to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire and ...

in France. Art historian Pierre Bénard, describing Renoux's ''Vue du Souterrain de l'Église du Refuge'' from ''Vues de Provins'', says the image epitomizes the "pleasure of ruins": "Two contemporary figures visit the storied ruin invaded by a great light. And what miracle is it this I see, through the opening from which all these sunbeams fall, the blue sky? In the background, a cheerful half-light swarms behind an archway. Lianas hang gracefully and come together on a blooming scree. This is the…pleasure of ruins where nothing comes to sadden the 'harmony of chaos' praised by Du Sommerard." That same year, Renoux debuted at the

Paris Salon of 1822 The Salon of 1822 was an art exhibition held at the Louvre in Paris, opening on 24 April 1822. The Salon took place every two or three years at the time and featured paintings and sculpture. One of the most notable works to be displayed was '' The ...

with four paintings that garnered him a Medal of the Second Class. These included the two paintings cited by Maury, ''Vue prise dans l'église de Louviers'' and ''Ruines des casemates du château Gaillard'', the latter described in the catalogue: "As a result of the persecutions he was experiencing,

Nicolas Poussin Nicolas Poussin (, , ; June 1594 – 19 November 1665) was a French painter who was a leading painter of the classical French Baroque style, although he spent most of his working life in Rome. Most of his works were on religious and mythologic ...

, forced to leave his country, comes to take a last look at his birthplace." Two years later, at the Paris

Salon of 1824 The Salon of 1824 was an art exhibition held at the Louvre in Paris between 25 August 1824 and 15 January 1825. It took place during the Second Bourbon Restoration, Restoration Era that followed the downfall of Napoleon's First French Empire, Fre ...

, Renoux exhibited nine painting, all of which were purchased before the exhibit closed. ''L'interieur de l’Église Saint-Etienne-du-Mont à Paris'' was acquired by the state and installed at the

Luxembourg Palace The Luxembourg Palace (, ) is at 15 Rue de Vaugirard in the 6th arrondissement of Paris, France. It was originally built (1615–1645) to the designs of the French architect Salomon de Brosse to be the royal residence of the regent Marie de' Med ...

. (It is now in the collection of the

Musée Crozatier The Musée Crozatier is a museum in Le Puy-en-Velay in the French Auvergne. Inaugurated in 1868, its collection comprises art and archaeological artifacts from Velay and the Haute-Loire region. The museum has undergone a major renovation from 20 ...

in Le Puy-en-Velay.) Seven painting were bought by du Sommerard. One of these was ''La Confession; figures italiennes'', depicting one of the

seven sacraments The expression seven sacraments mainly refers to: * Sacrament ** Sacraments of the Catholic Church ** Eastern Orthodox Church § Holy mysteries (sacraments) ** Anglican sacraments ** Sacrament § Hussite Church and Moravian Church It can also ref ...

of the Catholic Church. By 1827, Renoux had produced paintings depicting each of the seven sacraments; du Sommerard purchased the entire series. In the Salon of 1827, Renoux displayed ''L’Antiquaire'' (''The Antiquarian''), depicting an elderly collector conferring with a Jewish antiques dealer and surrounded by prized artifacts from his collection. The painting had been begun by another of du Sommerard's protégés, Xavier Leprince, who died before finishing it. To complete the work, du Sommerard commissioned Renoux, who did so "with rare talent." A contemporary reviewer noted that "at the time of Xavier Leprince's death, the two figures alone were made, and the rest was hardly sketched out. It is M. Renoux who was commissioned to complete this interior," consisting of furniture, armor, and numerous ''objets d'art'' from the Middle Ages; "finally everything comes together to make this painting a precious piece." The contemporary critic

Auguste Jal Auguste Jal (12 April 1795, in Lyon – 5 April 1873) was a French author who wrote on maritime archaeology and history. Biography He was educated at the naval school in Brest, France, Brest, and led a company of the cadets in the defense of Pari ...

declared the painting "a perfect work." ''L’Antiquaire'' has been cited by modern scholars researching the history of antiquarianism and the invention of the modern museum.

Signature works

In this initial period of his career, Renoux established a signature style with his depictions of

Gothic Gothic or Gothics may refer to: People and languages *Goths or Gothic people, a Germanic people **Gothic language, an extinct East Germanic language spoken by the Goths **Gothic alphabet, an alphabet used to write the Gothic language ** Gothic ( ...

interiors and ruins. The architecture itself serves as a frame, like a proscenium arch in a theater, for an image of repeating columns and arches that recede into the distance, which my terminate in an opening onto blue sky; greater attention is devoted to architectural features, especially the play of light and shadow on weathered stone, than to the human figures, who are dwarfed by their surroundings; and the artist signs his last name and the year at an angle, as if the letters and numbers were painted upon a stone surface within the picture. A French scholar notes that Renoux "uses the effects of light contrasts and shaded lines of architecture to create games of abstract construction and repetition, in the manner of Nordic painters (one thinks of Hendryck van Steenwick the Younger in particular).": ''"L’artiste utilise les effets de contrastes lumineux, et les lignes ombrées de l’architecture qui créentdes jeux de construction abstraits, repris de façon répétitive, à la manière des peintres nordiques (on pense à Hendryck van Steenwick le jeune notamment."'' The Romanesque and Gothic ruins, underground passages, chapels, convents, vaulted cellars, crypts and galleries depicted by Renoux were inspired by his travels through France, Switzerland, Germany, and Italy. Some paintings are minutely detailed, scrupulously accurate depictions of actual places, but others appear to be fancifully embellished or largely imaginary. The mood evoked is both nostalgic and timeless. "The picturesque and the fabulous encroach on objective representation, and substitute myth…This is how Hugo saw heritage. Mature, vertiginous, dramatic, mysterious, disputed by time and by the great outdoors, haunted by the combat of light and shadows."Bénard, Pierre
"Le Patrimoine tel qu’on l’Aimait en 1822..."
''Sites et monuments : bulletin de la Société pour la protection des paysages et de l'esthétique générale de la France,'' Octobre 2011, pp. 38-39: ''"Le pittoresque et le fabuleux empiètent sur la représentation objective, y substituent le mythe.…C'est ainsi qu'un Hugo voyait le patrimoine. Grandi, vertigineux, dramatique, mystérieux, disputé par le temps, par la grande nature, hanté par le combat des rayons et des ombres."''

Landscapes, battles scenes, and history paintings

Renoux also found early success as a painter of interiors (such as ''Intérieur d'une chambre au XVIe siècle'' of 1831) and of landscapes. The ''Annuaire Statistique des artistes français'' of 1836 called him "one of our best landscape artists." Renoux made lithographs of his own works and the works of other artists for various books and folios, including du Sommerard’s multi-volume ''Les Arts au Moyen âge'' (1838-1846) and the comte de Trobriand’s ''Voyage pittoresque en Bretagne'' (1845-1846, part of the series ''Voyages pittoresques et romantiques dans l'ancienne France''). Renoux--Luxembourg--1837

In 1836, Renoux received a monumental commission by

Louis-Philippe I Louis Philippe I (6 October 1773 – 26 August 1850), nicknamed the Citizen King, was King of the French from 1830 to 1848, the penultimate monarch of France, and the last French monarch to bear the title "King". He abdicated from his thron ...

to paint a series of fifteen historical and battle paintings for the

Palace of Versailles The Palace of Versailles ( ; ) is a former royal residence commissioned by King Louis XIV located in Versailles, Yvelines, Versailles, about west of Paris, in the Yvelines, Yvelines Department of Île-de-France, Île-de-France region in Franc ...

, most of which are now in the Musée de l'Histoire de France at Versailles. Maury was effusive in his praise of these works, citing ''Siège de Luxembourg, 12 juin 1795'' as "above all worthy of the highest praise; we cannot approve enough the decision to place this brilliant work in the Louvre exhibition; the public, as we have witnessed several times, never tire of admiring the surrender of Luxembourg, and this is the most solemn success an artist can claim." But about the same painting another critic was scathing, saying it offered "new proof of the disastrous result of the transformation of artists accustomed to genre, landscape or interior subjects into painters of battles. M. Renoux, whose talent for interiors is known, has failed in this representation of a siege; his figures are badly posed and badly drawn…the tone of its landscape is harsh and raw; finally, one senses everywhere the confused man, outside his sphere."

Dioramas

With his eye for perspective, skill at depicting fine details, and mastery of painting at very large scale, Renoux was an ideal artist for the spectacular diorama theaters created in the 1820s by Daguerre and Bouton. These featured enormous images (the first were over 71 by 45 feet) viewed by an audience in a revolving theater.

They were lit both from above and from behind, and the remarkable diverse effects were produced by combinations of transparent and opaque painting and by light transmitted through ground glass and coloured translucent screens on to the front of the picture, and through it from the back by means of long, vertical ground-glass windows, which could be shuttered when necessary or covered partially or entirely with pieces of coloured glass worked by pulleys and counterweights.

Renoux created "several double-effect diorama pieces, among them ''The Cathedral of Notre Dame, Paris'', ''The Interior of the Abbey Church of St. Owen, Rouen'', and ''View of Heidelberg''." From 1840 until his death in 1846 he ran The Diorama, Regent's Park in London.Cook, Olive
''Movement in Two Dimensions: A Study of the Animated and Projected Pictures Which Preceded the Invention of Cinematography''
London: Hutchinson, 1963, pp. 37-40. Advertisements and notices that year invited customers "to see the new and splendid view, ''The Shrine of the Nativity at Bethlehem'', painted by M. Renoux...and the view of ''The Coronation of Queen Victoria'' in Westminster Abbey, by M. Bouton."

Legacy

In 1838 Renoux was named a Knight of the

Legion of Honor The National Order of the Legion of Honour ( ), formerly the Imperial Order of the Legion of Honour (), is the highest and most prestigious French national order of merit, both military and civil. Currently consisting of five classes, it was ...

. His signature was among the 213 on a petition of 1840 demanding reform of the juried selection process for the annual Paris Salon, which many artists felt had become corrupted by favoritism and factional rivalries. Renoux died in Paris on 14 March 1846. Among his students at the Ecole des Beaux Arts were Augustin Bader, Narcisse Berchère, Antoine Drulin,

, Auguste-Leon Mellé, Jean-Gaspar Myeire, Philippe Rondé, and . He also taught

Pierre-François Beauvallet Pierre-François Beauvallet (13 October 1801 – 21 December 1873) was a 19th-century French actor and playwright. Biography Beauvallet first made his reputation as a melodrama actor, then became an ordinary tragedian of the Comédie-Français ...

, who became famous not as a painter but as an actor at the

Comédie-Française The Comédie-Française () or Théâtre-Français () is one of the few state theatres in France. Founded in 1680, it is the oldest active theatre company in the world. Established as a French state-controlled entity in 1995, it is the only state ...

. Renoux's continuing appeal to connoisseurs and collectors is explained by the art historian

Jacques Thuillier Jacques Thuillier, (March 18, 1928, Vaucouleurs, Meuse – October 18, 2011, Paris) was a French art historian specializing in 17th-century French painting. Thuillier was an honorary professor at the Collège de France, where he taught history ...

The romanticism of this painter does not turn to gloomy subjects or to the very intellectual pessimism then cultivated by so many poets. He keeps the alert frankness of an artist who finds in the spectacle of architecture and nature a sincere pleasure.…Few paintings combine so delicately the majesty of Gothic art, the melancholy of ruins and the serenity of a retreat preserved in the heart of nature.

Renoux at auction

A record for a Renoux painting was set by ''Interior of a Salon'' (1826), auctioned for $33,000 at Sotheby's in New York in 2006. More typical results include $8125 for ''Conversation in a Medieval Cloister'' (1825) in 2019, €6829 for ''Departing Hunt Party'' (1832) in 2016, €5460 for ''Ruines Animées de Personnages'' (1827 in 2015, and €5000 for ''Prière dans l'Église'' (1826) in 2015. Renoux--Interior chapel chateau d-Eu--1844

Renoux--Interior chapel chateau d-Eu--1844

In museums

France

* Compiègne, Musée National du Château de Compiègne: ''Intérieur d'une chambre au XVIe siècle'' (1831) * Grenoble,

Musée de Grenoble The Museum of Grenoble () is a municipal museum of Fine Arts and antiquities in the city of Grenoble in the Isère region of France. Located on the left bank of the Isère (river), Isère River, place Lavalette, it is known both for its collecti ...

: ''Moines dans une église gothique en ruines'' (1828) * Le Puy-en-Velay: ** Hôtel de préfecture de la Haute-Loire: ''Paysage, lever de soleil'' **

: ''Intérieur de l'église Saint-Étienne-du-Mont à Paris'' () * Lisieux, Musée d'Art et d'Histoire de Lisieux: ''Galerie d'un cloître'' * Nantes, Musée des Beaux-Arts: ''Étude de rochers'' * Paris,

Musée du Louvre The Louvre ( ), or the Louvre Museum ( ), is a national art museum in Paris, France, and one of the most famous museums in the world. It is located on the Rive Droite, Right Bank of the Seine in the city's 1st arrondissement of Paris, 1st arron ...

: ** ''Séance royale pour l'ouverture de la session des chambres au Louvre'' ** ''Épisode des croisades dans l'église Saint-Marc à Venise'' (drawing) * Paris

Musée Carnavalet The Musée Carnavalet () in Paris is dedicated to the History of Paris, history of the city. The museum occupies two neighboring mansions: the Hôtel Carnavalet and the former Hôtel Le Peletier de Saint Fargeau. On the advice of Baron Haussmann, ...

: ** ''La maison dite de François Ier, à Moret, avant son transfert à Paris, en 1824, au Cours-la-Reine'' (1822) * Sainte-Menehould, Musée d'Art et d'Histoire, Galerie Historique de Versailles: ''La Prise de Philipsbourg, 29 octobre 1688'' (1836) * Saint-Cyr-l'École, Lycée militaire: ''Reddition de Dinkelsbuhl août 1645'', d'après * Soissons, Musée de Soissons: ''Vue de la Cavée Saint-Marin, près de la Forêt de Compiègne'' (1833) *

Versailles The Palace of Versailles ( ; ) is a former royal residence commissioned by King Louis XIV located in Versailles, Yvelines, Versailles, about west of Paris, in the Yvelines, Yvelines Department of Île-de-France, Île-de-France region in Franc ...

: ** Hôtel de ville de Versailles: *** ''Plan de la bataille de Nordlingen, 3 août 1645'' (1836) *** ''Siège et prise de Rothenbourg en 1645'', after Sauveur Le Conte ** Musée de l'Histoire de France: *** ''Bataille de la Croix des Bouquets, 23 juin 1794'' (1836) *** ''Prise de Gand, 12 mars 1678'' (1836) *** ''Prise de Palamos, juin 1694'' (1836) *** ''Prise de Roses,9 juin 1693'' (1836) *** ''Prise du château de L'Escalcette'', 8 novembre 1676 (1836) *** ''Prise du camp de Boulou, 1 mai 1794'' (1836) *** ''Reprise du camp de Peyrestortes le 18 août 1793'' *** ''Siège de Luxembourg, 12 juin 1795'' (1837), aile sud des ministres *** ''Mariage du duc de Berry et de Caroline, princesse des Deux-Siciles, le 17 juin 1816'' (1843) *** ''Traité conclu entre les croisés et les Vénitiens dans l'église Saint-Marc en 1201'' (1839) *** ''Combat de Monteilla, 10 avril 1794'' (1837; missing) *** ''Reprise de Bellegarde, 17 septembre 1794'' (1837; missing) *** ''Combat du mas de Roz, 17 juillet 1793'', after Jacques Gamelin (1837; destroyed) **

Musée Lambinet The Musée Lambinet is a municipal museum in Versailles telling the history of the town. Since 1932, it has been housed in the hôtel Lambinet, a hôtel particulier designed by Élie Blanchard, built in the second half of the 18th century by a par ...

: *** ''Intérieur de cloître'' (1830) *** ''Chapelle du château de Saint-Germain'' *** ''Bords du Rhin, la dévotion à la chapelle'' *** ''Heidelberg'' *** ''Homme couché près de la chapelle de Bellème'' *** ''Intérieur de ferme'' *** ''La Prédication'' *** ''Le Château de Lavardire, la tour d'Andenach'' *** ''Manoir au bord d'un étang'' *** ''Paysage avec maison en ruines'' *** ''Le Cloître de Saint-Sever près Rouen'' * Vire, Musée de Vire: ** ''Couple lisant dans les ruines'' ** ''Personnages dans les ruines''

England

* Royal Collection Trust:
''Royal Visit to Louis-Philippe: Bedroom of Madame Adélaide at the Château d'Eu''
(1844)
''Royal visit to Louis-Philippe: Interior of the Chapel at the Château d'Eu''
(1844)

Gallery (chronological)

File:Charles_Caïus_Renoux,_Scène_d'après_Gabriella_di_Vergy,_1819.jpg, Scene from ''

Gabriella di Vergy ''Gabriella di Vergy'' is an opera seria in two acts by Gaetano Donizetti written in 1826 and revised in 1838, from a libretto by Andrea Leone Tottola, which was based on the tragedy ''Gabrielle de Vergy'' (1777) by Dormont De Belloy. Prior to ...

'' (1819) File:Vues de Provins--Sommerard--RENOUX--Refuge.jpg, ''Vue du Souterrain de l'Église du Refuge'' from the book ''Vues des Provins'' (1822) File:Vues de Provins--Sommerard--Renoux--Ste Croix.jpg, ''Vue du Petit Portail de Sainte-Croix'' from the book ''Vues des Provins'' (1822) File:Vues de Provins--Sommerard--RENOUX--la grange.jpg, ''Vue Intérieur de la Cave de la Granges des Dîmes'' from the book ''Vues des Provins'' (1822) File:Vues de Provins--Sommerard--Renoux--details.jpg, ''Planches des Détails'' from the book ''Vues des Provins'' (1822) File:Charles-Caïus Renoux--Ruines des Casemates du Chateau Gaillard--c1822--famsf.jpg, ''Ruines des Casemates du

Château Gaillard Château Gaillard () is a medieval castle ruin overlooking the River Seine above the commune of Les Andelys, in the French department of Eure, in Normandy. It is located some north-west of Paris and from Rouen. Construction began in 1196 u ...

'' (lithograph by C. Motte after the painting of 1822) File:Renoux--conversation in a cloister--1825--sotheby--8125 USD in 2019.jpg, ''Conversation in a Medieval Cloister'' (1825, private collection) File:Charles Caïus Renoux, Pèlerins en prière dans les ruines d'une abbaye, 1825, oil on canvas, 24,5 x 33 cm.jpg, ''Pèlerins en prière dans les ruines d'une abbaye'' (1825) File:RENOUX-Caius-Le-Pélerinage-sous-la-crypte--1826.jpg, ''Le Pélerinage Sous la Crypte'' (1826, Galerie de Lardemelle, Paris) File:Renoux--PRIÈRE DANS L'ÉGLISE--1826--sothebys--5000EUR in 2015.jpg, ''Priére dans L'Église'' (1826, private collection) File:Renoux--battle in castle--1826.jpg, A battle scene (1826, private collection) File:Renoux--interior of a salon 1826--sothebys 2006--33000USD.jpg, ''Interior of a Salon'' (1826, private collection) File:Charles-Caïus Renoux, Ruines animées de personnages, 1827.jpg, ''Ruines animées de personnages'', (1827?, private collection) File:Charles_Caïus_Renoux,_walkers_in_a_hilly_landscape,_1828(?),_16_x_21,5_cm.jpg, ''Walkers in a Hilly Landscape'' (1828?) File:Charles_Caïus_Renoux,_walkers_near_a_chateau,_1829,_16_x_21.5_cm.jpg, ''Walkers Near a Château'' (1829) File:Charles_Caïus_Renoux,_Vue_d'une_propriété_près_d'une_rivière,_1830.jpg, ''Vue d'une propriété près d'une rivière'' (1830) File:Intérieur de cloître-IMG 6965.JPG, ''Intérieur de Cloître'' (1830, Musée Lambinet, Versailles) File:Renoux--landscape--1831.webp, mountain landscape (1831, private collection) File:Renoux--Intérieur d'une chambre au XVIe siècle--1831--musée national du château de Compiègne.jpg, ''Intérieur d'une Chambre au XVIe Siècle'' (1831, Musée National du Château de Compiègne) File:Renoux--Departing-Hunt-Party.jpg, ''Departing Hunt Party'' (1832, private collection) File:Renoux--Two Young Noblemen in the Cloister of a Monastery with Two Dominican Monks, 1834.jpg, ''Two Young Noblemen in the Cloister of a Monastery with Two Dominican Monks'' (1834, private collection) File:Cloître de Saint-Sever près de Rouen-IMG 6961.JPG, ''Le Cloître de Saint-Sever près de Rouen'' (1835, Musée Lambinet, Versailles) File:Renoux--Battle of Croix des Bouquets, 23rd June 1794, 1836; 117x199 cm; Chateau de Versailles, France.jpg, ''Bataille de la Croix des Bouquets, 23 Juin 1794'' (1836, Musée National des Châteaux de Versailles et de Trianon) File:Renoux--interior of cathedral at auch--1838--magasin universel--to upload.jpg, ''Interior of the Cathedral at Auch'' (etching from painting of 1838) File:Renoux--Carthusian monk--1839.jpg, ''Carthusian Monk'' (1839, private collection) File:Charles-caius-renoux-pèlerins-en-prière, 1840, artcurial auction 2021.jpg, ''Pèlerins en Prière,'' (1840, private collection) File:Renoux--L'Astronome--1841.jpg, ''L'Astrologue'' (1841, private collection) File:Renoux--L'Astrologue--Lithography by J. Prat--c1835-1841.jpg, ''L'Astrologue'', lithograph by J. Prat, (after 1841,

Wellcome Collection Wellcome Collection is a museum and library based at 183 Euston Road, London, England, displaying a mixture of medical artefacts and original artworks exploring "ideas about the connections between medicine, life and art". Founded in 2007, the W ...

) File:Renoux--Galerie d'un Cloître--1841.jpg, ''Galerie d'un Cloître'' (1841, Musée d'Art et d'Histoire, Lisieux) File:Charles Caïus Renoux - Portrait of Gustave Saltzmann (1841).jpg, Portrait of Henri-Gustave Saltzmann (1841, private collection; Saltzmann was a student of Renoux) File:Renoux--Mariage.jpg, ''Mariage du Duc de Berry et de Caroline, Princesse des Deux-Siciles, le 17 Juin 1816'' (1843, Musée National des Châteaux de Versailles et de Trianon) File:Renoux-Royal Visit to Louis-Philippe--1844.jp
''Royal Visit to Louis-Philippe: Bedroom of Madame Adélaide at the Château d'Eu''
(1844, figures inserted by Winterhalter, Royal Collection Trust) File:Renoux--paysage nocturnal landscape 1845.jpg, ''Paysage Nocturne avec les Ruines d'une Église'' (1845)

Gallery (undated works)

File:Charles Caïus Renoux--La lecture sainte.jpg, ''La lecture sainte'' (date illegible) File:Renoux--Monks and young men.webp, monks and young men amid ruins (undated, private collection) File:Renoux-Scène animée devant une chapelle.jpg, ''Scène animée devant une chapell'' (undated, private collection) File:Charles-Caïus Renoux, Chateau de Elois.jpg,

Château de Blois A château (, ; plural: châteaux) is a manor house, or palace, or residence of the lord of the manor, or a fine country house of nobility or gentry, with or without fortifications, originally, and still most frequently, in French-speaking re ...

, lithograph by C. Motte from a drawing by Renoux File:Charles-Caïus Renoux, Chateau de Bonneval.jpg,

Château de Bonneval The Château de Bonneval is a castle in the ''Communes of France, commune'' of Coussac-Bonneval in the Haute-Vienne ''Departments of France, département'' of France. It is notable for belonging to the same family since its construction, includi ...

, lithograph by C. Motte from a drawing by Renoux File:Charles-Caïus Renoux, Château de Grosbois.jpg,

Château de Grosbois The château de Grosbois () is a castle in Boissy-Saint-Léger, Val-de-Marne, France. History In 1190, Philip II of France gave the abbaye de Saint-Victor de Paris lands at Grosbois in exchange for lands in the bois de Vincennes. The abbey c ...

, lithograph by C. Motte from a drawing by Renoux File:Charles Caius Renoux Chateau de la Rochefoucauld lithograph Motte.jpg, Chateau de la Rochefoucauld, lithograph by C. Motte from a drawing by Renoux File:Charles Caius Renoux Deroy Chateau d'Amboise lith by C Motte.jpg, Chateau d'Amboise, lithograph by C. Motte from a drawing by Renoux File:Charles Caius Renoux Tour of the Chateau d'Amboise lith Motte.jpg, Interior of the Tower of the Chateau d'Amboise, lithograph by C. Motte from the drawing by Renoux File:Charles caius renoux view of pavillon de lucienne--lith Motte.jpg, Pavillon de Lucienne, lithograph by C. Motte from the drawing by Renoux File:Charles Caius Renoux View of the Chateau d'Ecouen lith Motte.jpg, Chateau d'Ecouen, lithograph by C. Motte from the drawing by Renoux File:Charles Caius Renoux View of the Chateau d'Eu lith Motte.jpg, Chateau d'Eu, lithograph by C. Motte from the drawing by Renoux File:Charles Caius Renoux View of the Chateau de Chambord lithograph by C. Motte.jpg, Chateau de Chambord, lithograph by C. Motte from the drawing by Renoux File:Charles Caius Renoux View of the Chateau de Chambord.jpg, Chateau de Chambord, lithograph by C. Motte from the drawing by Renoux File:Charles Caius Renoux View of the Chateau de Courbevoie--lith Motte.jpg, Chateau de Courbevoie, lithograph by C. Motte from the drawing by Renoux File:Charles-Caïus Renoux, water fountain, lith by Motte.jpg, Maid offering water to a knight, lithograph by C. Motte from a drawing by Renoux

References

Bibliography

*Bellier de La Chavignerie, Émile; Auvray, Louis
"Renoux (Charles Caïus)"
entry in ''Dictionnaire général des artistes de l'École française depuis l'origine des arts du dessin jusqu'à nos jours: architectes, peintres, sculpteurs, graveurs et lithographes''. Paris: 1882-1885, vol. II, p. 361-362. *''Fenêtres sur cour,'' catalogue of the exhibit at Musée des Augustins, Toulouse, Décembre 2016—Avril 2017, Lienart éditions, 2016. Renoux is mentioned and his painting ''Galerie d'un Cloître'' of 1841 is reproduced on pp. 16–17, in the essay "Le cloître: Réappropriation patrimoniale et représentations picturales, 1799-1831" by Marie-Claude Chaudonneret; two paintings by Renoux included in the exhibit (''Le Cloître de Saint-Sever près de Rouen'' of 1835 and ''Intérieur de cloître'' of 1830) are reproduced, with notes by Axel Hémery, on pp. 84–87.

External links

{{DEFAULTSORT:Renoux, Charles-Caïus 1795 births 1846 deaths 19th-century French painters French male painters Painters from Paris 19th-century French male artists