Chainpur Block, Gumla
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Chainpur block is a CD block that forms an administrative division in the
Chainpur subdivision Chainpur subdivision is an administrative subdivision of the Gumla district in the South Chotanagpur division in the state of Jharkhand, India. History As of 2022, Gumla district is divided into three subdivisions – Gumla subdivision (with G ...
of
Gumla district Gumla district is one of the twenty-four districts of Jharkhand state, India, and Gumla town is the administrative headquarters of this district. Etymology For centuries, the place was a meeting center for people from the hinterland who flocked ...
, in the Indian state of
Jharkhand Jharkhand (; ) is a States and union territories of India, state in East India, eastern India. The state shares its border with the states of West Bengal to the east, Chhattisgarh to the west, Uttar Pradesh to the northwest, Bihar to the north ...
.


History

Before 1920 Chainpur was a part of Kulmunda Estate and ruled by the Khawas (khas) zamindars and Jagidars of the Kulmunda estate.
Albert Ekka Lance Naik Albert Ekka, Param Vir Chakra, PVC (27 December 1942 – 3 December 1971) was an Indian soldier. He was killed in action in the Battle of Gangasagar, during the Indo-Pakistan War of 1971. He was posthumously awarded India's highest mil ...
, was born in village Jari, earlier in Chainpur CD block, now in Albert Ekka (Jari) CD block. He was posthumously awarded the
Param Vir Chakra The Param Vir Chakra (PVC) is India's highest Awards and Decorations of the Indian Armed Forces, military decoration, awarded for displaying distinguished acts of valour during wartime. Param Vir Chakra translates roughly as the "Wheel of Supre ...
, India's highest award for valour in the face of the enemy. Gumla became a subdivision of Ranchi district in 1902 and it became a separate district in 1983. Simdega district was carved out of Gumla district in 2011. Subsequently, Gumla district was divided into three subdivisions – Gumla Sadar subdivision (with Gumla, Ghaghra, Bharno, Bishunpur, Raidih and Sisia blocks), Basia subdivision (with Palkot, Basia and Kamdara blocks), and Chainpur subdivision (with Chainpur, Albert Ekka (Jari) and Dumri blocks).


Maoist activities

The
Maoist Maoism, officially Mao Zedong Thought, is a variety of Marxism–Leninism that Mao Zedong developed while trying to realize a socialist revolution in the agricultural, pre-industrial society of the Republic of China (1912–1949), Republic o ...
insurgency started spreading around the mid-1990s and poses a big challenge to peace and development of the district. It “is involved in abduction, extortion, extortion killings.” The banned organisation is active largely in the eastern part of the district mainly in Kamadara, Basia, Palkot, Gumla, Raidih, Sisai and Bharno police stations. In order to counter the activities of the insurgents, arms, ammunition and security equipment have been provided in every police station. It includes bulletproof and landmine-proof vehicles. But before 1990 no Maoist existed in this region. When local indigenous people got looted. Their lands were taken forcefully, they were treated as a labour in their own villages for a time of Food. They have to migrate to big cities in Search of job, some of them were sold. Government never listen to them they only take votes and a lots of resources worth trillions of dollars annually. The indigenous people feel like they are being cheated. They opposed about it in front of the government but government fired bullets on them. On 10 October 1968 police in Chainpur fired multiple round of bullets on a crowd of Birsa Seva Dal organized big gathering of peaceful protesters. Even nowadays they are being cheated by the local shopkeepers. The shopkeepers do a lots of fraud like in weight, duplicate. They take full money and give less or duplicate goods. They take the disadvantage of uneducated local people. Because government never provided education to them. The police, local officers and other governmental officers never supported them. The contractors builds low quality of infrastructure worth a lots of money. He eats rest of the money, a big scam over the local people's money. People of this region believe in movement against corruption and injustice.


Geography

In the southern portion of Gumla district, there are flat topped hills called ''pat'', with an elevation ranging from 2,500 feet to 3,000 feet. The ''pat'' region is spread across Bishunpur, Chainpur and Ghaghra CD blocks. The highest areas are Netarhat pat (3,356 ft), Lamiti pat (3,777 ft) and Galgat pat (3,823 ft). The rest of the district occupies a part of the Ranchi Plateau with an average elevation of 2,300 feet. Three major rivers flowing through Gumla district are
North Koel River North Koel River flows through the Indian state of Jharkhand Jharkhand (; ) is a States and union territories of India, state in East India, eastern India. The state shares its border with the states of West Bengal to the east, Chhattisgar ...
,
South Koel River South Koel River (; ) is a long river which runs across Jharkhand and Odisha states in India. It originates at the Lawapani Waterfalls, near Lohardaga, Chota Nagpur Plateau from Ranchi, and conjoins the Belsiangar and Singbhum Rivers. The Koe ...
and
Sankh River The Sankh River flows across Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Odisha states in India. The river flows for before it meets the Koel River in Odisha. Course The river starts above sea level in Lupungpat village in Gumla district in Jharkhand and f ...
.
Sadni Falls Sadni Falls (also called Sadnighagh Falls) is a waterfall located about from Rajadera village in Gumla district in the Indian state of Jharkhand. Geography Location Sadni Falls is located at The Falls The falls on the Sankh River is a s ...
(also called Sadnighagh Falls) is located about from Rajadera village. Chainpur CD block is bounded by Bishunpur and
Ghaghra Ghaghra is a census town in the Ghaghra CD block in the Gumla subdivision of the Gumla district in the Indian state of Jharkhand. Geography Location Ghaghra is located at Area overview The map alongside presents ...
CD blocks on the north,
Gumla Gumla is a city which is the district headquarters in the Gumla subdivision of the Gumla district in the state of Jharkhand, India. History Gumla began as a hamlet. A week-long "Cow Fair" (''Gau-Mela'') took place every year, where items in ...
CD block on the east,
Raidih Raidih is a village in the Raidih CD block in the Gumla subdivision of the Gumla district in the Indian state of Jharkhand. Geography Location Raidih is located at Area overview The map alongside presents a rug ...
and Albert Ekka (Jari) CD blocks on the south, and Dumri CD block on the west. Chainpur CD block has an area of 471.41 km2. Chainpur police station serves Chainpur CD block. The headquarters of Chainpur CD block is located at Chainpur village.


Demographics


Population

According to the 2011 Census of India, Chainpur CD block had a total population of 56,591, all of which were rural. There were 28,397 (50%) males and 28194 (50%) females. Population in the age range 0–6 years was 9,646. Scheduled Castes numbered 778 (1.37%) and Scheduled Tribes numbered 46,320 (81.85%).


Literacy

According to the 2011 census, the total number of literate persons in Chainpur CD block was 33,432 (71.22% of the population over 6 years) out of which males numbered 18,815 (79.87% of the male population over 6 years) and females numbered 14,617 (62.50% of the female population over 6 years). The
gender disparity Sex differences in humans have been studied in a variety of fields. Sex chromosome#Sex determination, Sex determination generally occurs by the presence or absence of a Y chromosome in the 23rd pair of chromosomes in the human genome. ''phenot ...
(the difference between female and male literacy rates) was 17.37%. census, literacy in Gumla district was 66.92%. Literacy in Jharkhand was 67.63% in 2011. Literacy in India in 2011 was 74.04%. See also –
List of Jharkhand districts ranked by literacy rate This is a list of districts in the Indian state of Jharkhand ranked by literacy rate as per provisional data of 2011 census. With a literacy rate of 66.41%, below the national average of 74.04%, as per the 2011 Census, Jharkhand ranks 32nd amongst ...


Language and religion

According to the ''Population by Religious Communities 2011'' data, in the Chainpur subdistrict,
Christians A Christian () is a person who follows or adheres to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. Christians form the largest religious community in the world. The words '' Christ'' and ''C ...
numbered 27,670 and formed 48.89% of the population, followed by: (number of persons and percentage of population in brackets) ‘Other religious communities’ (19,299/ 34.10),
Hindus Hindus (; ; also known as Sanātanīs) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism, also known by its endonym Sanātana Dharma. Jeffery D. Long (2007), A Vision for Hinduism, IB Tauris, , pp. 35–37 Historically, the term has also be ...
(7,594/ 13.42%),
Muslims Muslims () are people who adhere to Islam, a Monotheism, monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God ...
(1,885/ 3.33%), and persons who did not state their religion (55/ 0.10%). Scheduled Tribes numbered 706,754 and formed 68.94% of the total population of Gumla district. Within the scheduled tribes the more populous tribes were (percentage of ST population in 2011 in brackets): Oraon, Dhangars (62.63%), Munda, Patars (11.70%), Kharia, Dhelki Kharia, Dudh Kharia, Hill Kharia (9.07%), Lohras (5.77%) and Chik Baraik (2.57%). According to the ''Population by Mother Tongue 2011'' data, in the Chainpur subdistrict, Kurukh was the mother-tongue of 30,035 persons forming 53.07% of the population, followed by (number of persons and percentage of population in brackets),
Hindi Modern Standard Hindi (, ), commonly referred to as Hindi, is the Standard language, standardised variety of the Hindustani language written in the Devanagari script. It is an official language of India, official language of the Government ...
(23,290/ 41.15%), Mundari (418/ 7.74%), persons with other languages as mother-tongue (2,848/ 5.03%). Persons with Hindi as mother-tongue included 18,110 persons having
Sadri Sadri is a municipality in the Pali district of Rajasthan, India. Before it was formally founded, there were various settlements in the area which fell under the Jagir of the Rajput clan Sindhal Rathore who still reside in the central part of ...
/ Sadan, 3,213 persons having Nagpuri, as mother-tongue. Note: An attempt has been made to include all language groups each with at least 300 persons as their mother-tongue and only those groups with less than 300 persons as their mother-tongue in the census data are normally included in the “other languages” category. Comparatively smaller language groups with 200+ persons as their mother-tongue are mentioned in the text. Many languages have sub-groups. Those who are interested can see the reference for more details. The census data for this page has a large amount for “other languages”, without any information about what it includes.
Hindi Modern Standard Hindi (, ), commonly referred to as Hindi, is the Standard language, standardised variety of the Hindustani language written in the Devanagari script. It is an official language of India, official language of the Government ...
is the official language in Jharkhand and
Urdu Urdu (; , , ) is an Indo-Aryan languages, Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in South Asia. It is the Languages of Pakistan, national language and ''lingua franca'' of Pakistan. In India, it is an Eighth Schedule to the Constitution of Indi ...
has been declared as an additional official language.


Economy


Overview

80% and over of the population of Gumla district were in the BPL category in 2004–2005. In 2011–12, the proportion of BPL population in Gumla district came down to 36.75%. According to a study in 2013 (modified in 2019), "the incidence of poverty in Jharkhand is estimated at 46%, but 60% of the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes are still below poverty line."


Livelihood

In Chainpur CD block in 2011, amongst the class of total workers, cultivators numbered 21,123 and formed 75.40%, agricultural labourers numbered 4,448 and formed 15.69%, household industry workers numbered 599 and formed 2.11% and other workers numbered 2,183 and formed 7.70%. Total workers numbered 28,353 and formed 50.10% of the total population, and non-workers numbered 28,238 and formed 49.90% of the population.


Infrastructure

There are 83 inhabited villages in Chainpur CD block. In 2011, 3 villages had power supply. 2 villages had tap water (treated/ untreated), 82 villages had well water (covered/ uncovered), 76 villages had hand pumps, and all villages have drinking water facility. 7 villages had post offices, 8 villages had sub post offices, 1 village had telephone (land line), 19 villages had mobile phone coverage. 83 villages had pucca (paved) village roads, 11 villages had bus service (public/ private), 5 villages had
autos A car, or an automobile, is a motor vehicle with wheels. Most definitions of cars state that they run primarily on roads, seat one to eight people, have four wheels, and mainly transport people rather than cargo. There are around one billio ...
/ modified autos, 4 villages had taxi/vans, 11 villages had tractors. 2 villages had bank branches, 3 villages had agricultural credit societies, 27 villages had
public distribution system The Public Distribution System (PDS) is a food security system that was established by the Government of India under the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution to distribute food and non-food items to India's poor at subsid ...
.


Agriculture

In Gumla district, only three CD blocks, namely Sisai, Bharno and Kamdara, have plain lands. Rest of the district is mostly undulating in nature. Forests cover around 27% of the total area. About 35% of the total geographical area of the district is under cultivation. Out of 3.296 lakh hectare cultivable lands, only 22,056 hectare of land is under assured irrigation coverage. “The main economy of the village depends upon agriculture, forest produce, cattle development, and other labour activities...” About 70% farmers belong to the small and marginal category and have small plots scattered all around. Percentages of landless farmers are negligible.


Bauxite mining

Bauxite Bauxite () is a sedimentary rock with a relatively high aluminium content. It is the world's main source of aluminium and gallium. Bauxite consists mostly of the aluminium minerals gibbsite (), boehmite (γ-AlO(OH)), and diaspore (α-AlO(OH) ...
and laterite (aluminium ore) is found in “villages of Amtipani, Langdatanr, Chirodih,
Jalim Jalim (also called Jalim Senai) is a village/ Bauxite mining site in the Bishunpur CD block in the Bishnupur subdivision of the Gumla district in the Indian state of Jharkhand. Geography Location Jalim is located at Area overview The ma ...
, Narma, Bahagara and
Gurdari Gurdari is a village/ Bauxite mining centre in the Bishunpur CD block in the Gumla subdivision of the Gumla district in the Indian state of Jharkhand. Geography Location Gurdari is located at Area overview The ma ...
of Bishunpur block, Langatanr, Lupungpat and Chota-agiatu in Chainpur block and Hanrup,
Serangdag Serangdag is a village/ Bauxite mining centre in the Ghaghra CD block in the Gumla subdivision of the Gumla district in the Indian state of Jharkhand. Geography Location Serangdag is located at Area overview The m ...
and Jalim in Ghaghra block. The total number of bauxite mines is twenty one”.


Backward Regions Grant Fund

Gumla district is listed as a backward region and receives financial support from the
Backward Regions Grant Fund The Backward Regions Grant Fund (BRGF) is an Indian government program designed to "address regional imbalances in development." The programme was launched by Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh at Barpeta, Assam on 19 February 2007. The BRG ...
. The fund, created by the Government of India, is designed to redress regional imbalances in development. As of 2012, 272 districts across the country were listed under this scheme. The list includes 21 districts of Jharkhand.


Education

Chainpur CD block had 16 villages with pre-primary schools, 78 villages with primary schools, 39 villages with middle schools, 6 villages with secondary schools, 2 villages with senior secondary schools, 1 village with general degree college, 5 villages had no educational facility.
.*Senior secondary schools are also known as Inter colleges in Jharkhand There is only one hospital in whole Chainpur block, contains 10 panchayats and hundreds of villages.


References

{{South Chotanagpur Division topics Community development blocks in Gumla district