''Ceux de la Libération'' (CDLL; "Those of the Liberation") was a

French resistance The French Resistance ( ) was a collection of groups that fought the German military administration in occupied France during World War II, Nazi occupation and the Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy#France, collaborationist Vic ...

movement during the

German occupation of France The Military Administration in France (; ) was an interim occupation authority established by Nazi Germany during World War II to administer the occupied zone in areas of northern and western France. This so-called ' was established in June 19 ...

World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...

. CDLL was one of the eight major resistance groups of the Conseil National de la Résistance (CNR).

History

was formed in November 1940 by , and . The movement soon had several thousand members in the Northern occupation zone; by the end of the war the group reported that more than 250 of its members were dead or missing. In early 1942, , a demobilized Captain and the head of the Chemistry Laboratory at the Académie Nationale de Médecine, met with the CDLL leader Maurice Ripoche. He became involved with the group and succeeded Ripoche as leader after the latter's arrest in March 1943. Under Coquoin's command, the CDLL expanded to

Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of ci ...

and the rest of France, gathering new volunteers in

Normandy Normandy (; or ) is a geographical and cultural region in northwestern Europe, roughly coextensive with the historical Duchy of Normandy. Normandy comprises Normandy (administrative region), mainland Normandy (a part of France) and insular N ...

Champagne Champagne (; ) is a sparkling wine originated and produced in the Champagne wine region of France under the rules of the appellation, which demand specific vineyard practices, sourcing of grapes exclusively from designated places within it, spe ...

, Bourgogne and

Vendée Vendée () is a department in the Pays de la Loire region in Western France, on the Atlantic coast. In 2019, it had a population of 685,442.detonators and abrasive pellets for destroying German trucks. After Coquoin was killed in an ambush in December 1943, Gilbert Védy, CDLL's delegate to the

Provisional Consultative Assembly The Provisional Consultative Assembly (, ) was a governmental organ of Free France that operated under the aegis of the French Committee of National Liberation (CFLN) and that represented the resistance movements, political parties, and ter ...

in Algiers, returned to Paris to head the movement. However, three days after his arrival, on 21 March 1944, Védy was arrested and poisoned himself during the interrogation rather than risk divulging any information. Ordre de la Liberation website, '' Gilbert Vedy''
/ref> The group published a self-titled newspaper from May 1943; it became ''La France libre'' in April 1944 and merged with ''L'aurore'' in 1948. Bibliotheque Nationale de France website, ''Those of the Liberation (CDLL)''
/ref>

Members

•Pierre Audemard (xxxx–xxxx/Place of death: KZ Mauthausen) •Jacques Ballet (1908–2000) •Christophe Beaulieu •Pierre Beuchon •Jean Bessemoulin •Josephine Bouffort •Fernand Boivent •Joseph Brindeau (xxxx–1942/Place of death: Augsburg hospital) •Albert Chodet Memo Resist, ''Rene Gallais''
/ref> •Roger Coquoin-Lenormand (1897–1943) •Raymond Deleule (1902–1961) •Eugene Dumaine (1901–1943/Place of death: KZ Buchenwald) •Victor Dupont (1909–1976) •Albert Forcinal (1887–1976) •Paul Fremond •Jules Fremont (xxxx–1943/Place of death: Munich / "München-Stadelheim") Le Maitron, ''Loizance, Raymond''
/ref> •Jacques Froment (1920–1944) •Andree Gallais (1898–1997) Memo Resist website, ''Hugette Gallais''
/ref> •Huguette Gallais (1921–2016) •René Gallais (1892–1943/Place of death: Munich / "München-Stadelheim") •Benjamin Garnier •Pere (Abt) Pierre Gillet (1904–1985) •Émile Ginas (1892–1975) •Aymé Guerrin (1890–1979) •Edmond Herbert •Georges Huet •Pierre Jeanpierre (1912–1958) •Teophile Jagu •Pierre Konstante •Marcel Lebastard •François Lebosse (xxxx–1943/Place of death: Munich / "München-Stadelheim") •René Leduc (1901–1983) •Jean Le Ravallec •Francis Loizance •Raymond Loizance (xxxx–1943/Place of death: Munich / "München-Stadelheim") •Emile Louvel •Joseph Louvel •Romain Mancel •Henri Manhès (1889–1959) Ordre de la Liberation website, ''Henri Manhes''
/ref> •Alfred Marinais •Gilbert Médéric-Védy (1902–1944/Place of death: Paris) •Jules Monnerot (1909–1995) •Marcel Morel •Paul Morel •Andre Mutter (1901–1973) •Paul Pagnier (1925–2004) •Henri Pascal (1920–1989) •Antoine Perez (xxxx–1943/Place of death: Munich / "München-Stadelheim") •Marcel Pitois (xxxx–1943/Place of death: Munich / "München-Stadelheim") •Louise Pitois (xxxx–1945) •Louis Richer (xxxx–1943/Place of death: Munich / "München-Stadelheim") •Maurice Ripoche (1895–1944/Place of death: Cologne / "Köln-Klingelpütz") •Jules Rochelle (xxxx–1943/Place of death: Munich / "München-Stadelheim") •Pierre Servagnat (1911–1995) •Georges Wauters (1904–1990) •Francois Wetterwald (1911–1993)

References

French Resistance networks and movements {{France-org-stub

History

Members

See also

References