Carberry, Manitoba
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Carberry is a town in
Westman Region The Westman Region (also known as Western Manitoba or simply Westman) is an informal geographic List of regions of Manitoba, region of the Canada, Canadian Provinces and Territories of Canada, province of Manitoba located in the southwestern cor ...
of
Manitoba Manitoba is a Provinces and territories of Canada, province of Canada at the Centre of Canada, longitudinal centre of the country. It is Canada's Population of Canada by province and territory, fifth-most populous province, with a population ...
, Canada. It is situated south of the
Trans-Canada Highway The Trans-Canada Highway (Canadian French, French: ; abbreviated as the TCH or T-Can) is a transcontinental federal–provincial highway system that travels through all ten provinces of Canada, from the Pacific Ocean on the west coast to the A ...
on Highway 5 in the
Municipality of North Cypress – Langford The Municipality of North Cypress – Langford is a rural municipality (RM) in the Canadian province of Manitoba. It is located northeast and east of the City of Brandon. The town of Neepawa borders the RM to the north. Canadian Forces B ...
, and has a population of 1,818 people.


History


Early history

In the late 1760s, a small fur trading post called Pine Fort was established by independent
fur trade The fur trade is a worldwide industry dealing in the acquisition and sale of animal fur. Since the establishment of a world fur market in the early modern period, furs of boreal ecosystem, boreal, polar and cold temperate mammalian animals h ...
rs from
Montreal Montreal is the List of towns in Quebec, largest city in the Provinces and territories of Canada, province of Quebec, the List of the largest municipalities in Canada by population, second-largest in Canada, and the List of North American cit ...
, south of Carberry's present site in what is now Spruce Woods Provincial Park along the
Assiniboine River The Assiniboine River ( ; ) is a long river that runs through the prairies of Western Canada in Saskatchewan and Manitoba. It is a tributary of the Red River. The Assiniboine is a typical meandering river with a single main channel embanked ...
. At that time, a diverse group of Native peoples were travelling through the area and harvesting rich crops of beaver and other furs. Early fur trade accounts indicate that the
Sioux The Sioux or Oceti Sakowin ( ; Dakota/ Lakota: ) are groups of Native American tribes and First Nations people from the Great Plains of North America. The Sioux have two major linguistic divisions: the Dakota and Lakota peoples (translati ...
from the south, resident
Cree The Cree, or nehinaw (, ), are a Indigenous peoples of the Americas, North American Indigenous people, numbering more than 350,000 in Canada, where they form one of the country's largest First Nations in Canada, First Nations. They live prim ...
and
Assiniboine The Assiniboine or Assiniboin people ( when singular, Assiniboines / Assiniboins when plural; Ojibwe: ''Asiniibwaan'', "stone Sioux"; also in plural Assiniboine or Assiniboin), also known as the Hohe and known by the endonym Nakota (or Nakoda ...
, and eastern groups such as
Saulteaux The Saulteaux (pronounced , or in imitation of the French pronunciation , also written Salteaux, Saulteau and Ojibwa ethnonyms, other variants), otherwise known as the Plains Ojibwe, are a First Nations in Canada, First Nations band governm ...
,
Ottawa Ottawa is the capital city of Canada. It is located in the southern Ontario, southern portion of the province of Ontario, at the confluence of the Ottawa River and the Rideau River. Ottawa borders Gatineau, Gatineau, Quebec, and forms the cor ...
and various
Ojibwa The Ojibwe (; syll.: ᐅᒋᐺ; plural: ''Ojibweg'' ᐅᒋᐺᒃ) are an Anishinaabe people whose homeland (''Ojibwewaki'' ᐅᒋᐺᐘᑭ) covers much of the Great Lakes region and the northern plains, extending into the subarctic and thro ...
bands were all trading or hunting in the area. Pine Fort was later taken over by the
North West Company The North West Company was a Fur trade in Canada, Canadian fur trading business headquartered in Montreal from 1779 to 1821. It competed with increasing success against the Hudson's Bay Company in the regions that later became Western Canada a ...
, and was eventually abandoned in 1811. Native peoples continued to pass through or reside in the Carberry area and did so until the late 1870s when European settlement began to affect the landscape and game resources. The Native population in the area was eventually settled onto reserves according to treaty provisions with the
Federal Government of Canada The Government of Canada (), formally His Majesty's Government (), is the body responsible for the federal administration of Canada. The term ''Government of Canada'' refers specifically to the executive, which includes ministers of the Crown ( ...
.


Founding and incorporation

Carberry was founded in 1882. It was originally settled primarily by settlers from
Eastern Canada Eastern Canada (, also the Eastern provinces, Canadian East or the East) is generally considered to be the region of Canada south of Hudson Bay/ Hudson Strait and east of Manitoba, consisting of the following provinces (from east to west): Newf ...
of
British British may refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * British people, nationals or natives of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies. * British national identity, the characteristics of British people and culture ...
origin, and was named after the
Carberry Tower Carberry Tower is a historic house in East Lothian, Scotland. The house is situated off the A6124 road, south-east of Musselburgh. Carberry, East Lothian, Carberry, like Musselburgh is in the parish of Inveresk. It is protected as a Category B ...
located near
Musselburgh Musselburgh (; ; ) is the largest settlement in East Lothian, Scotland, on the coast of the Firth of Forth, east of Edinburgh city centre. It had a population of as of . History The name Musselburgh is Old English language, Old English in ...
, Scotland. In 1905, Carberry was incorporated as a town.


Canadian Pacific Railway

As is the case with most towns in the southern districts of
Western Canada Western Canada, also referred to as the Western provinces, Canadian West, or Western provinces of Canada, and commonly known within Canada as the West, is a list of regions of Canada, Canadian region that includes the four western provinces and t ...
, Carberry owes its origin mainly to the
Canadian Pacific Railway The Canadian Pacific Railway () , also known simply as CPR or Canadian Pacific and formerly as CP Rail (1968–1996), is a Canadian Class I railway incorporated in 1881. The railway is owned by Canadian Pacific Kansas City, Canadian Pacific Ka ...
. In 1882, the railway established a station at De Winton, a now defunct town-site about east of Carberry's present site. Several railway officials covertly purchased much of De Winton's town-site property, hoping for large personal profits as a town grew around this new station. This kind of speculation was strictly against the CPR's company rules, and on discovering the violation, the company decided to have the newly built station moved in one piece to the present site of the town of Carberry, and specially hired 100 men for the job. This extensive operation was conducted secretly in the middle of the night and was completed in less than 12 hours. When the station reached its new location, the town of Carberry was born. Carberry quickly grew into a prosperous town and was an important stop along the CPR. The CPR main line route runs through Carberry to this day; however, the passenger train station has since been removed.


Trans Canada Highway

The
Trans Canada Highway The Trans-Canada Highway (Canadian French, French: ; abbreviated as the TCH or T-Can) is a transcontinental federal–provincial highway system that travels through all ten provinces of Canada, from the Pacific Ocean on the west coast to the A ...
, another major national transportation route, originally passed directly through the town of Carberry, and remained that way until the late 1950s when the route was changed to allow the road to be upgraded to a 4-lane divided high-speed highway. Many businesses were established in Carberry to service the heavy traffic on that original highway, many of which still exist. Today the Trans Canada Highway passes north of Carberry, and the older route directly through town is Provincial Road 351 (known as 1st Avenue inside the town limits). On June 15, 2023, a serious vehicle collision between a handi-transit bus and a
semi-truck A semi-trailer truck (also known by a wide variety of other terms – see below) is the combination of a tractor unit and one or more semi-trailers to carry freight. A semi-trailer attaches to the tractor with a type of hitch called a ...
occurred on the Trans Canada Highway near Carberry, killing 17 people and injuring 8 others.


Military history


Camp Hughes

In 1909, a
military A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. Militaries are typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with their members identifiable by a d ...
training camp named "Camp Sewell" was established west of Carberry along what is now PR 351 on the south side of the
Canadian Pacific Railway The Canadian Pacific Railway () , also known simply as CPR or Canadian Pacific and formerly as CP Rail (1968–1996), is a Canadian Class I railway incorporated in 1881. The railway is owned by Canadian Pacific Kansas City, Canadian Pacific Ka ...
line. The name of the camp was changed in 1915 to " Camp Hughes" in honour of Major-General Sir Sam Hughes, Canada's Minister of Militia and Defence at the time. The soldiers and support staff stationed at Camp Hughes naturally maintained very close social and economic ties with the town of Carberry which was only a short distance away. Extensive trench systems, grenade and rifle ranges, and military structures were built at Camp Hughes between 1915 and 1916, and a variety of retail stores and entertainment complexes on a double-avenued area close to the main camp formed a lively commercial midway. During
World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...
, more than 38,000 troops of the
Canadian Expeditionary Force The Canadian Expeditionary Force (CEF; French: ''Corps expéditionnaire canadien'') was the expeditionary warfare, expeditionary field force of Canada during the First World War. It was formed on August 15, 1914, following United Kingdom declarat ...
trained at the camp, giving it the largest population in the province of
Manitoba Manitoba is a Provinces and territories of Canada, province of Canada at the Centre of Canada, longitudinal centre of the country. It is Canada's Population of Canada by province and territory, fifth-most populous province, with a population ...
outside of the capital city,
Winnipeg Winnipeg () is the capital and largest city of the Provinces and territories of Canada, Canadian province of Manitoba. It is centred on the confluence of the Red River of the North, Red and Assiniboine River, Assiniboine rivers. , Winnipeg h ...
. Many of the soldiers who were trained at the camp were involved in the infamous
Battle of Vimy Ridge The Battle of Vimy Ridge was part of the Battle of Arras, in the Pas-de-Calais department of France, during the First World War. The main combatants were the four divisions of the Canadian Corps in the First Army, against three divisions of ...
. The
military A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. Militaries are typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with their members identifiable by a d ...
continued to train soldiers at Camp Hughes until 1934, when troops were moved to
CFB Shilo Canadian Forces Base Shilo (CFB Shilo; ) is an operations and training base of the Canadian Armed Forces, located east of Brandon, Manitoba, Brandon, Manitoba and adjacent to Sprucewoods. During the 1990s, Canadian Forces base, Canadian Forces ...
and CFB Winnipeg for financial and logistical reasons. Camp Hughes has been designated as a Provincial Heritage Site, and although the site is no longer active, it is still monitored by the Canadian Department of National Defense. There is a roadside park named "Camp Hughes Wayside Park" located west of Carberry on the
Trans Canada Highway The Trans-Canada Highway (Canadian French, French: ; abbreviated as the TCH or T-Can) is a transcontinental federal–provincial highway system that travels through all ten provinces of Canada, from the Pacific Ocean on the west coast to the A ...
near the west intersection with PR 351, a short distance north of the actual Camp Hughes site, named in honour of the military camp.


RCAF Station Carberry

In December 1940, troops of the
Royal Air Force The Royal Air Force (RAF) is the Air force, air and space force of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies. It was formed towards the end of the World War I, First World War on 1 April 1918, on the merger of t ...
arrived in Carberry and established the Service Flying Training School Number 33 (known as RCAF Station Carberry) just south of the town, to train military pilots as part of the vast
British Commonwealth Air Training Plan The British Commonwealth Air Training Plan (BCATP), often referred to as simply "The Plan", was a large-scale multinational military aircrew training program created by the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and New Zealand during the Second Wo ...
. Thousands of military personnel from the United Kingdom, Canada and other
Commonwealth countries The Commonwealth of Nations, often referred to as the British Commonwealth or simply the Commonwealth, is an international association of 56 member states, the vast majority of which are former territories of the British Empire from which i ...
were moved to Carberry for flight training. The flight training school was shut down at the end of
World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
, and a
McCain Foods McCain Foods Limited is a Canadian multinational frozen food company established in 1957 in Florenceville, New Brunswick, Canada. It is the world's largest manufacturer of frozen potato products, with 1 in 4 french fries in the world being a ...
processing facility is now on that site.


Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by
Statistics Canada Statistics Canada (StatCan; ), formed in 1971, is the agency of the Government of Canada commissioned with producing statistics to help better understand Canada, its population, resources, economy, society, and culture. It is headquartered in ...
, Carberry had a population of 1,818 living in 794 of its 847 total private dwellings, a change of from its 2016 population of 1,738. With a land area of , it had a population density of in 2021.


Community

*Carberry & District Health Center **Carberry Hospital **Carberry Health Clinic **Dental Clinic **Laboratory and X-Ray **Personal Care Home **Home Care Services **Palliative Care Services **Public Health Services *Carberry Plains Community Centre **Bowling **Hockey **Figure Skating **Curling **Public Skating **Tennis **Swimming *Carberry Child Care Co-op * R.J. Waugh Elementary School (K-4) * Carberry Collegiate Institute (5–12) *
Royal Canadian Mounted Police The Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP; , GRC) is the Law enforcement in Canada, national police service of Canada. The RCMP is an agency of the Government of Canada; it also provides police services under contract to 11 Provinces and terri ...
Carberry Detachment *Carberry/ North Cypress Fire Department * Manitoba Conservation Carberry District Office *Carberry/North Cypress Library *Carberry Centennial Drop-In Centre/ Services for Seniors *Carberry Recreation Baseball Park * Royal Canadian Legion (branch 153) *Sandhills Golf & Country Club


Economy

Carberry and the surrounding rural area have been called "King Spud Country", a
nickname A nickname, in some circumstances also known as a sobriquet, or informally a "moniker", is an informal substitute for the proper name of a person, place, or thing, used to express affection, playfulness, contempt, or a particular character trait ...
based on the high quality
potato The potato () is a starchy tuberous vegetable native to the Americas that is consumed as a staple food in many parts of the world. Potatoes are underground stem tubers of the plant ''Solanum tuberosum'', a perennial in the nightshade famil ...
es grown in the area, with its ideal soil conditions for the crop. Many businesses in Carberry offer services and supplies to support the robust agriculture industry. Food processing makes use of locally produced crops and is a major employer in the community. A local factory owned by
McCain Foods McCain Foods Limited is a Canadian multinational frozen food company established in 1957 in Florenceville, New Brunswick, Canada. It is the world's largest manufacturer of frozen potato products, with 1 in 4 french fries in the world being a ...
makes various potato products, and is a major supplier for McDonald's Restaurants in Canada and the United States as well as for other restaurants and grocery stores, including in other areas of the world. It is one of the most advanced potato-processing facilities in North America and normally operates 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. The local agriculture industry is very diverse; besides potatoes there are other
vegetables Vegetables are edible parts of plants that are consumed by humans or other animals as food. This original meaning is still commonly used, and is applied to plants collectively to refer to all edible plant matter, including flowers, fruits, ...
,
grain A grain is a small, hard, dry fruit (caryopsis) – with or without an attached husk, hull layer – harvested for human or animal consumption. A grain crop is a grain-producing plant. The two main types of commercial grain crops are cereals and ...
,
pulse In medicine, the pulse refers to the rhythmic pulsations (expansion and contraction) of an artery in response to the cardiac cycle (heartbeat). The pulse may be felt ( palpated) in any place that allows an artery to be compressed near the surfac ...
, and industrial hemp crops as well as
dairy A dairy is a place where milk is stored and where butter, cheese, and other dairy products are made, or a place where those products are sold. It may be a room, a building, or a larger establishment. In the United States, the word may also des ...
,
poultry Poultry () are domesticated birds kept by humans for the purpose of harvesting animal products such as meat, Eggs as food, eggs or feathers. The practice of animal husbandry, raising poultry is known as poultry farming. These birds are most typ ...
, and
livestock Livestock are the Domestication, domesticated animals that are raised in an Agriculture, agricultural setting to provide labour and produce diversified products for consumption such as meat, Egg as food, eggs, milk, fur, leather, and wool. The t ...
, among other mixed farming. Carberry's population increased by 4.1% between 2011 and 2016, due in part to the community's strong, stable economy, along with other factors including its location near major transportation routes and the city of Brandon. Carberry's proximity to Spruce Woods Provincial Park and the many unique recreational activities in the area make it a popular tourist destination. Many businesses and services cater to tourists both on a seasonal and year-round basis.


Transportation

The Town of Carberry is located south of the
Trans Canada Highway The Trans-Canada Highway (Canadian French, French: ; abbreviated as the TCH or T-Can) is a transcontinental federal–provincial highway system that travels through all ten provinces of Canada, from the Pacific Ocean on the west coast to the A ...
on Highway 5, east of Brandon, and west of the provincial capital, Winnipeg. The nearest 24-hour Canada-U.S.A. land border crossing is located southwest of Carberry at Boissevain on Highway 10. The town is situated north of Spruce Woods Provincial Park, which is also located on Highway 5, designated in Manitoba as the Parks Route. The
Brandon Municipal Airport Brandon Municipal Airport (also known as Brandon Airport or McGill Field) is an airport located north of Brandon, Manitoba, Canada. It serves the City of Brandon, the Westman and Parkland regions of Manitoba, and eastern Saskatchewan. Br ...
is located west of Carberry. The Brandon Air Shuttle provides passenger service on request between Carberry and the
Winnipeg James Armstrong Richardson International Airport Winnipeg James Armstrong Richardson International Airport (commonly known as Winnipeg International Airport or Winnipeg Airport) is an international airport located in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. It is the seventh busiest airport in Canada ...
. Both the
Canadian Pacific Railway The Canadian Pacific Railway () , also known simply as CPR or Canadian Pacific and formerly as CP Rail (1968–1996), is a Canadian Class I railway incorporated in 1881. The railway is owned by Canadian Pacific Kansas City, Canadian Pacific Ka ...
main line route and a
Canadian National Railway The Canadian National Railway Company () is a Canadian Class I freight railway headquartered in Montreal, Quebec, which serves Canada and the Midwestern and Southern United States. CN is Canada's largest railway, in terms of both revenue a ...
branch line route run directly through Carberry.
Via Rail Via Rail Canada Inc. (), operating as Via Rail or Via (stylized as VIA Rail), is a Canadian Crown corporation that operates intercity passenger rail service in Canada. As of December 2023, Via Rail operates 406 trains per week across eight ...
passenger service is not offered in Carberry, however trains on the Toronto to Vancouver "The Canadian" Line can be accessed at the Rivers railway station located approximately northwest of the community, while the Winnipeg – Churchill train as well as ''The Canadian'' can be accessed at the Portage la Prairie railway station located approximately 80 kilometres east of the community.


Media

Carberry is home to the Carberry News-Express weekly newspaper and a local cable access television station, WCG Community Access Channel.


Notable people

*
Richard Burton Richard Burton (; born Richard Walter Jenkins Jr.; 10 November 1925 – 5 August 1984) was a Welsh actor. Noted for his mellifluous baritone voice, Burton established himself as a formidable Shakespearean actor in the 1950s and gave a memor ...
(1925–1984), Welsh actor, was posted to Carberry as a Royal Air Force instructor during World War II.Rosemary Malaher
Historical Tour: Carberry, Manitoba
''Manitoba History'' 14 (Autumn, 1987). Retrieved 2016-12-02.
* Mary Carter (née Munn) (1923–2010), one of the first female judges in Saskatchewan; part of childhood spent in Carberry. * Mitchell Grobb, musician * Bob Leslie, hockey coach and executive * Wilfrid Reid "Wop" May (1896–1952), pilot, World War I hero *
Ernest Thompson Seton Ernest Thompson Seton (born Ernest Evan Thompson; August 14, 1860 – October 23, 1946) was a Canadian and American author, wildlife artist, founder of the Woodcraft Indians in 1902 (renamed Woodcraft League of America), and one of the foun ...
(1860–1946), author, artist,
Woodcraft Indians Woodcraft League of America, originally called the Woodcraft Indians and League of Woodcraft Indians, is a youth program, established by Ernest Thompson Seton in 1901. Despite the name, the program was created for non- Indian children. At first th ...
founder,
Boy Scouts of America Scouting America is the largest scouting organization and one of the largest List of youth organizations, youth organizations in the United States, with over 1 million youth, including nearly 200,000 female participants. Founded as the Boy Sco ...
founder * Joan Thomas, author


See also

* List of communities in Manitoba


References


External links


Town of Carberry
{{Coord, 49, 52, 08, N, 99, 21, 34, W, region:CA_type:city_source:GNS-enwiki, display=title Towns in Manitoba Urban municipalities in Westman Region, Manitoba Populated places established in 1882