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The Cantono Frigerio system was an Italian electric power supply for trackless
Werner Siemens introduced the first collector for trackless vehicles with his Electromote cart in 1882, and in 1901 Max Schiemann demonstrated sliding contact shoes, which were pressed by springs against the overhead wires. Five years later ''Eugenio Cantono'' from
(English) The overhead wires had a diameter of ⅜ inches (9 mm) for 600 Volt direct current and could be used in both directions. The drivers stood upright in a cab similar to that of a tram. Cantono was supported by the Fabbrica Rotabili Avantreni Motori (F.R.A.M.) in
on-line
(English)
The Cantono Frigerio system was an Italian electric power supply for trackless trolleybus
A trolleybus (also known as trolley bus, trolley coach, trackless trolley, trackless tramin the 1910s and 1920sJoyce, J.; King, J. S.; and Newman, A. G. (1986). ''British Trolleybus Systems'', pp. 9, 12. London: Ian Allan Publishing. .or trol ...
es with two wires about 20 inches (50 cm) apart being contacted by a four-wheeled collector on a single trolley pole
A trolley pole is a tapered cylindrical pole of wood or metal, used to transfer electricity from a "live" (electrified) overhead wire to the control and the electric traction motors of a tram or trolley bus. It is a type of current collector. ...
. In English publications it was often described as Filovia system although the Italian term ''filovia'' means literally ''wire way'', i.e. a trolleybus line or a trolleybus system.
History
Werner Siemens introduced the first collector for trackless vehicles with his Electromote cart in 1882, and in 1901 Max Schiemann demonstrated sliding contact shoes, which were pressed by springs against the overhead wires. Five years later ''Eugenio Cantono'' from Rome
, established_title = Founded
, established_date = 753 BC
, founder = King Romulus ( legendary)
, image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg
, map_caption ...
combined these two principles and exhibited six trolleybuses at the world's fair
A world's fair, also known as a universal exhibition or an expo, is a large international exhibition designed to showcase the achievements of nations. These exhibitions vary in character and are held in different parts of the world at a specif ...
Milan International, 1906.
The power supply differed from those in other countries in that, as a collector, a four-wheeled truck ran underneath the wires, held in place by a trolley pole in the usual manner. The possible deviation on either side of the direct route was 10–12 feet (3.0 to 3.5 m). The cars were usually equipped with two 15-horsepower (11 kW) motors and had a carrying capacity of 20 to 24 passengers. Its design and construction have been so perfected that it would take easily very sharp curves, and would not leave the trolley wires even when running at a speed of 18 miles per hour (29 km/h). They could master larger grades than tram
A tram (called a streetcar or trolley in North America) is a rail vehicle that travels on tramway tracks on public urban streets; some include segments on segregated right-of-way. The tramlines or networks operated as public transport ...
s, it was claimed.Railless Traction at Bradford, Light Railway and Tramway Journal, 7 April 1911.(English) The overhead wires had a diameter of ⅜ inches (9 mm) for 600 Volt direct current and could be used in both directions. The drivers stood upright in a cab similar to that of a tram. Cantono was supported by the Fabbrica Rotabili Avantreni Motori (F.R.A.M.) in
Genoa
Genoa ( ; it, Genova ; lij, Zêna ). is the capital of the Regions of Italy, Italian region of Liguria and the List of cities in Italy, sixth-largest city in Italy. In 2015, 594,733 people lived within the city's administrative limits. As of t ...
, which he had founded, and by the Società per la Trazione Elettrica
''Società'' ( Italian: ''Society'') was an Italian communist cultural magazine published in Italy between 1945 and 1961.
History and profile
''Società'' was founded as a quarterly magazine in Florence in 1945. The founders were Ranuccio Bian ...
in Milan
Milan ( , , Lombard language, Lombard: ; it, Milano ) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the List of cities in Italy, second-most populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of about 1.4 ...
, which produced ''Frigerio'' branded cars. This led to the term ''Cantono Frigerio system''.
The system was very successful in Italy
Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical ...
, where trackless trolley lines were very highly regarded in the first quarter of the 20th century. A total of more than 50 miles (80 km) of line were in use to the satisfaction of the municipalities by 1916. In some cities subsidies were paid for establishing such lines.:File:Cyclopedia of applied electricity - a general reference work on direct-current generators and motors, storage batteries, electrochemistry, welding, electric wiring, meters, electric lighting, electric (14593781378).jpg, Cyclopedia of applied electricity - a general reference work on direct-current generators and motors, storage batteries, electrochemistry, welding, electric wiring, meters, electric lighting, electric. 1916. Page 399on-line
(English)
Systems
See also
* List of trolleybus systemsReferences
External links
*{{Commons category-inline, Cantono Frigerio System Trolleybus transport in Italy