Canterbury, Connecticut
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Canterbury is a
town A town is a type of a human settlement, generally larger than a village but smaller than a city. The criteria for distinguishing a town vary globally, often depending on factors such as population size, economic character, administrative stat ...
in
Windham County, Connecticut Windham County ( ) is one of the eight counties in the U.S. state of Connecticut, located in its northeastern corner. As of the 2020 census, the population was 116,418, making it the least populous county in Connecticut. It forms the core o ...
, United States. The town is part of the Northeastern Connecticut Planning Region. The population was 5,045 at the 2020 census.


History

The area was settled by English colonists in the 1680s as ''Peagscomsuck''. It consisted mainly of land north of Norwich, south of New Roxbury, Massachusetts (now Woodstock, Connecticut), and west of the Quinebaug River, Peagscomsuck Island, and the Plainfield Settlement. In 1703 this section was officially separated from Plainfield and named The Town of Canterbury. The town's namesake is
Canterbury Canterbury (, ) is a City status in the United Kingdom, city and UNESCO World Heritage Site, in the county of Kent, England; it was a county borough until 1974. It lies on the River Stour, Kent, River Stour. The city has a mild oceanic climat ...
, England.


Prudence Crandall's School (1831–1834)

In 1832, Prudence Crandall, a schoolteacher raised as a Quaker, stirred controversy when she opened the Canterbury Female Boarding School and admitted black girls as students. Prominent Canterbury resident Andrew T. Judson led efforts against the school. The Connecticut General Assembly passed a "Black Law", which prohibited the education of black children from out of state. Crandall persisted in teaching, and in 1833 was arrested and kept in jail overnight. Unsuccessful and long legal proceedings were mounted but violence by a mob of Canterbury residents forced the closure of the school in 1834. Crandall left the state and never returned. Connecticut repealed the Black Law in 1838. In 1877 the town of Canterbury recognized Crandall, who had moved to Elk Falls, Kansas, with a small pension. Crandall, who by then was living in poverty, said that this helped improve her living condition. She died in 1890.


Legacy and honors

In 1995, the Connecticut General Assembly designated Prudence Crandall as the state's official heroine because she opened the first school in the United States for black girls. The school still stands in Canterbury, operating as the Prudence Crandall Museum. It has been designated as a
National Historic Landmark A National Historic Landmark (NHL) is a National Register of Historic Places property types, building, district, object, site, or structure that is officially recognized by the Federal government of the United States, United States government f ...
, and it is the leading tourist attraction in Canterbury. In 2009 a life-size bronze statue of Prudence Crandall with an African-American student was installed in the state capital.


Geography

According to the
United States Census Bureau The United States Census Bureau, officially the Bureau of the Census, is a principal agency of the Federal statistical system, U.S. federal statistical system, responsible for producing data about the American people and American economy, econ ...
, the town has a total area of , of which is land and (0.62%) is water.


Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 4,692 people, 1,717 households, and 1,339 families residing in the town. The population density was . There were 1,762 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 97.34%
White White is the lightest color and is achromatic (having no chroma). It is the color of objects such as snow, chalk, and milk, and is the opposite of black. White objects fully (or almost fully) reflect and scatter all the visible wa ...
, 0.36%
African American African Americans, also known as Black Americans and formerly also called Afro-Americans, are an Race and ethnicity in the United States, American racial and ethnic group that consists of Americans who have total or partial ancestry from an ...
, 0.28% Native American, 0.26% Asian, 0.02%
Pacific Islander Pacific Islanders, Pasifika, Pasefika, Pacificans, or rarely Pacificers are the peoples of the list of islands in the Pacific Ocean, Pacific Islands. As an ethnic group, ethnic/race (human categorization), racial term, it is used to describe th ...
, 0.30% from other races, and 1.45% from two or more races.
Hispanic The term Hispanic () are people, Spanish culture, cultures, or countries related to Spain, the Spanish language, or broadly. In some contexts, Hispanic and Latino Americans, especially within the United States, "Hispanic" is used as an Ethnici ...
or Latino of any race were 1.07% of the population. There were 1,717 households, out of which 37.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.5% were married couples living together, 8.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.0% were non-families. 16.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.73 and the average family size was 3.06. In the town, the population was spread out, with 25.7% under the age of 18, 7.3% from 18 to 24, 31.4% from 25 to 44, 26.3% from 45 to 64, and 9.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.9 males. The median income for a household in the town was $55,547, and the median income for a family was $65,095. Males had a median income of $41,521 versus $28,672 for females. The
per capita income Per capita income (PCI) or average income measures the average income earned per person in a given area (city, region, country, etc.) in a specified year. In many countries, per capita income is determined using regular population surveys, such ...
for the town was $22,317. About 3.5% of families and 4.5% of the population were below the
poverty line The poverty threshold, poverty limit, poverty line, or breadline is the minimum level of income deemed adequate in a particular country. The poverty line is usually calculated by estimating the total cost of one year's worth of necessities for ...
, including 4.2% of those under age 18 and 10.0% of those age 65 or over.


Arts and culture


Museums and other points of interest

* Canterbury Center Historic District – Roughly along Elmdale, Library, N. Canterbury, S. Canterbury, and Westminster Rds. (added May 10, 1998). The historic district includes Colonial, Federal, and other architectural styles. * Capt. John Clark House – Rte. 169, S of Canterbury (added November 6, 1970) * Jonathan Wheeler House – N. Society Rd. (added March 11, 1982) * March Route of Rochambeau's Army: Manship Road-Barstow Road – Manship Rd., Barstow Rd. from jct. with Manship Rd. to Westminster Rd. (added February 8, 2003) * Prudence Crandall House – Jct. of CT 14 and 169 (added November 22, 1970) * Westminster Congregational Church * FaithWay Community Church – 567 S. Canterbury Rd. Canterbury, CT 06374


Government

Canterbury's new administration was elected in November 2019. They will serve through November 2021. Christopher J. Lippke (R) is First Selectman, Mark O. Weeks (R) is Second Selectman, Jonathan T. Lane (D) is Third Selectman. Natalie Ruth Ellston was elected to serve as Town Clerk and Tax Collector of Canterbury CT. Laurie Epler is the hired Town Treasurer.


Education

Students from grades
Kindergarten Kindergarten is a preschool educational approach based on playing, singing, practical activities such as drawing, and social interaction as part of the transition from home to school. Such institutions were originally made in the late 18th cen ...
through 8 are zoned to the Canterbury School District. The district has two schools: * Canterbury Elementary School * Dr. Helen Baldwin Middle School The local elementary school for kindergarten through fourth grades is Canterbury Elementary School, whose mascot is the Kitt Fox. The local middle school for fifth through eighth grades is Dr. Helen Baldwin Middle School, whose mascot is the bulldog. As Canterbury has no high school of its own, Canterbury students have the option of attending H.H. Ellis Technical High School, Griswold High School, Killingly High School, Norwich Technical High School, Norwich Free Academy, or Woodstock Academy.


Notable people

*
John Adams John Adams (October 30, 1735 – July 4, 1826) was a Founding Fathers of the United States, Founding Father and the second president of the United States from 1797 to 1801. Before Presidency of John Adams, his presidency, he was a leader of ...
, (1772–1863), born in Canterbury, educator and organizer of several hundred
Sunday school ] A Sunday school, sometimes known as a Sabbath school, is an educational institution, usually Christianity, Christian in character and intended for children or neophytes. Sunday school classes usually precede a Sunday church service and are u ...
s * Horace Austin (1831–1905), the sixth governor of
Minnesota Minnesota ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the Upper Midwestern region of the United States. It is bordered by the Canadian provinces of Manitoba and Ontario to the north and east and by the U.S. states of Wisconsin to the east, Iowa to the so ...
(1870–1874), was born in town *
Margaret Wise Brown Margaret Wise Brown (May 23, 1910 – November 13, 1952) was an American writer of children's books, including ''Goodnight Moon'' (1947) and ''The Runaway Bunny'' (1942), both illustrated by Clement Hurd. She has been called "the laureate of the ...
(1919–1952), author of children's literature * Asa B. Carey, U.S. Army brigadier general * Moses Cleaveland (1754–1806), a surveyor and namesake of Cleveland, Ohio, was born in town * Prudence Crandall (1803–1890), a schoolteacher who set up a school for black girls in town despite local resistance * Sarah Harris Fayerweather (1812–1878), first black student in Prudence Crandall's school * Luther Jewett (1772–1860), United States Representative from Vermont, was born in town * Ephraim Paine (1730–1785) delegate for New York to the Continental Congress in 1784, was born in town * Charles Rocket, born Charles Adams Claverie (1949–2005), actor and former resident, who died in town * Jeptha Root Simms (1807–1883) historian and geologist, born in Canterbury * Loren P. Waldo (1802–1881), U.S. Representative * Joseph Williamson, born in Canterbury and President of Maine Senate * William Durkee Williamson (1779–1846) a governor of
Maine Maine ( ) is a U.S. state, state in the New England region of the United States, and the northeasternmost state in the Contiguous United States. It borders New Hampshire to the west, the Gulf of Maine to the southeast, and the Provinces and ...
(1821) was born in town


References


External links


Town government Web siteCanterbury Historical Society
* ttp://www.epodunk.com/cgi-bin/genInfo.php?locIndex=9117 ePodunk: Profile for Canterbury Connecticut {{authority control Towns in Windham County, Connecticut Towns in Connecticut Towns in Northeastern Connecticut Planning Region, Connecticut