Calanda is a town in the

province of Teruel Teruel ( Catalan: ''Terol'' ) is a province of Aragon, in the northeast of Spain. The capital is Teruel. It is bordered by the provinces of Tarragona, Castellón, Valencia (including its exclave Rincón de Ademuz), Cuenca, Guadalajara, and Z ...

Aragon Aragon ( , ; Spanish and ; ) is an autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community in Spain, coextensive with the medieval Kingdom of Aragon. In northeastern Spain, the Aragonese autonomous community comprises three provinces of Spain, ...

, Spain. It lies on the southern fringe of the

Ebro The Ebro (Spanish and Basque ; , , ) is a river of the north and northeast of the Iberian Peninsula, in Spain. It rises in Cantabria and flows , almost entirely in an east-southeast direction. It flows into the Mediterranean Sea, forming a de ...

river basin, at the confluence of the Rivers

Guadalope The Guadalope (Guadalop in Catalan and Aragonese) is a river in Aragon, Spain. It is a tributary of the Ebro ( Ebre in Catalan). Course This long river rises in the Sierra de Gúdar, near Villarroya de los Pinares and Miravete de la Sierr ...

and Guadalopillo. The local economy is based upon agriculture, especially the cultivation of peaches and olives, both of which have

Protected Designation of Origin The protected designation of origin (PDO) is a type of geographical indication of the European Union aimed at preserving the designations of origin of food-related products. The designation was created in 1992 and its main purpose is to designat ...

status: ''Melocotón de Calanda'' in the case of the

peach The peach (''Prunus persica'') is a deciduous tree first domesticated and Agriculture, cultivated in China. It bears edible juicy fruits with various characteristics, most called peaches and the glossy-skinned, non-fuzzy varieties called necta ...

production and ''Aceite del Bajo Aragón'' for the

olive oil Olive oil is a vegetable oil obtained by pressing whole olives (the fruit of ''Olea europaea'', a traditional Tree fruit, tree crop of the Mediterranean Basin) and extracting the oil. It is commonly used in cooking for frying foods, as a cond ...

. Other agricultural products are

almonds The almond (''Prunus amygdalus'', syn. ''Prunus dulcis'') is a species of tree from the genus ''Prunus''. Along with the peach, it is classified in the subgenus ''Amygdalus'', distinguished from the other subgenera by corrugations on the sh ...

and other fruits as well as some

cereals A cereal is a grass cultivated for its edible grain. Cereals are the world's largest crops, and are therefore staple foods. They include rice, wheat, rye, oats, barley, millet, and maize (Corn). Edible grains from other plant families, suc ...

Historic structures

* ''Acueducto de Los Arcos'' * ''Ermita del Humilladero'' (16th century) * ''Templo del Pilar'' (17th century) * ''Iglesia de Nuestra Señora de la Esperanza'' (17th century) * ''Convento del Desierto'' (17th century) * ''Casa Fortón-Cascajares'' (18th century) * ''Casa Buñuel'' (20th century)

Demographics

Geography

Located in the Lower Aragon region, it is 128 km from the provincial capital. The relief of the municipality is formed by the foothills of the

Iberian System Iberian refers to Iberia. Most commonly Iberian refers to: *Someone or something originating in the Iberian Peninsula, namely from Spain, Portugal, Gibraltar and Andorra. The term ''Iberian'' is also used to refer to anything pertaining to the fo ...

, to which belong the Mountain range of Peñas Blancas (669 m) and the Ginebrosa mountain range (835 m), both located to the south and southeast and separated by the Calanda reservoir. To the north it connects with the valley of the Guadalope River, which crosses the territory receiving the waters of the Guadalopillo River. Also noteworthy is the leafy pine forest of the Calanda Desert, located to the northwest of the town. The altitude ranges between 835 m (Sierra de la Ginebrosa) and 380 m on the banks of the Guadalope River. The town is 466 m above sea level.

Climate

Calanda has a

cold semi-arid climate Cold is the presence of low temperature, especially in the atmosphere. In common usage, cold is often a subjective perception. A lower bound to temperature is absolute zero, defined as 0.00K on the Kelvin scale, an absolute thermodynamic ...

on the

Köppen climate classification The Köppen climate classification divides Earth climates into five main climate groups, with each group being divided based on patterns of seasonal precipitation and temperature. The five main groups are ''A'' (tropical), ''B'' (arid), ''C'' (te ...

(''BSk'') with cool to mild winters and hot summers. Temperatures below and temperatures above are common during the winter and the summer, respectively. Precipitation is generally low, being well distributed throughout the year, although there is an increase during spring. The city has higher average annual temperatures due to its lower altitude compared to other areas in the

, which have lower temperatures due to their higher altitude.

Notable natives and residents

Sister cities

* Frouzins, France

Bibliography

* Allanegui y Lusarreta, Vicente: ''Apuntes históricos sobre la Historia de Calanda'', 1998, Zaragoza: Ayuntamiento de Calanda-Parroquia de la Esperanza de Calanda-Instituto de Estudios Turolenses. * García Miralles, Manuel: ''Historia de Calanda'', 1969, Valencia: Tipografía Artística Puertes.

Filmography

*1966: ''Calanda''. France. Dir.:

Juan Luis Buñuel Juan Luis Buñuel (9 November 1934 – 6 December 2017) was a French film and television director, screenwriter, and actor. His films include ''Expulsion of the Devil'' (''Au rendez-vous de la mort joyeuse'', 1973) and ''La Femme aux bottes ...

. Black and White. 21 min.

Gallery

File:Iglesia de Nuestra Señora de la Esperanza -Exterior-.JPG, ''Iglesia de Nuestra Señora de la Esperanza''. File:Templo del Pilar -2-.JPG, ''Templo del Pilar''. File:Convento del Desierto 2.jpg, ''Convento del Desierto''. File:Los Arcos.JPG, ''Los Arcos''. File:Arco de San Roque.JPG, ''Arco de San Roque''. File:Glorieta Oliva Gasque.JPG, ''Glorieta Oliva Gasque''. File:Ermita del Humilladero.JPG, ''El Humilladero''. File:Vista parcial del Embalse de Calanda.JPG, ''Pantano de Calanda''.

Archaeology: Camino de la Vega de Albalate

* Roman villa of Camino de Albalate File:Mosaico Camino de Albalate II.jpg, ''Camino de Albalate (1): Roman mosaic''. File:Detalle Mosaico Camino de Albalate (2).JPG, ''Camino de Albalate (2): Roman mosaic, detail''. File:Camino de Albalate (Vasija de cerámica vidriada, con escamas de barbotina).JPG, ''Camino de Albalate (3): Glazed ceramic vessel''. File:Hito de la partida de Albalate en Calanda.JPG, ''Camino de Albalate (4): Landmark memorial''.

References

External links

Calanda

CBC Calanda
Municipalities in the Province of Teruel {{Teruel-geo-stub