The CWS T-1 was the first serially-built

car A car, or an automobile, is a motor vehicle with wheels. Most definitions of cars state that they run primarily on roads, seat one to eight people, have four wheels, and mainly transport people rather than cargo. There are around one billio ...

manufactured in

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukrai ...

. A series of different cars based on the T-1

chassis A chassis (, ; plural ''chassis'' from French châssis ) is the load-bearing framework of a manufactured object, which structurally supports the object in its construction and function. An example of a chassis is a vehicle frame, the underpart ...

Centralne Warsztaty Samochodowe Centralne Warsztaty Samochodowe (CWS; transtlation from Polish language, Polish: ''Central Car Works'') was a Polish pre-war car and motorcycle manufacturer. Created by the Polish Ministry of War Affairs in 1918, the privately run company was ...

(hence CWS), with the body developed by Stanisław Panczakiewicz.https://culture.pl/en/article/the-father-of-polish-aviation-his-car-designer-son it was the only motor car that could be completely dismantled and put together again with one tool, since all its screws and bolts had the same diameter (though you did need a screwdriver for the spark plugs). In 1927 serial production for CWS T-1 started. Although the car was designed in 1922, it was not until 1925 the prototype tests were completed. Between 1925 and 1932 approximately 800 CWS T-1 and T-1 variants were produced. Among them were: *

Torpedo A modern torpedo is an underwater ranged weapon launched above or below the water surface, self-propelled towards a target, with an explosive warhead designed to detonate either on contact with or in proximity to the target. Historically, such ...

(open-top) * Kareta (

Hardtop A hardtop is a rigid form of automobile roof, typically metal, and integral to the vehicle's design, strength, and style. The term typically applies to a pillarless hardtop, a car body style without a B-pillar. The term "pillared hardtop" was ...

) * Berlina ( Sedan) * Cabriolet (in fact a semi-convertible) * Pick-up * Van In 1930, the CWS works were absorbed by the Polish state-controlled industrial giant PZInż, yet the production was continued under the previous name.https://autohistories.org/cws/index.html However, in 1932, a license for the Polski Fiat was purchased from

Italy Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe, Western Europe. It consists of Italian Peninsula, a peninsula that extends into the Mediterranean Sea, with the Alps on its northern land b ...

as the Fiat was cheaper to produce and the parent company of CWS did not have mass-production capabilities.

References

Science and technology in Poland Cars of Poland {{Poland-hist-stub