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Böttstein is a
municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having municipal corporation, corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality' ...
in the district of
Zurzach Zurzach () is a municipality in the district of Zurzach in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a landlocked country located in west-central Europe. It is bordered by Italy to the sou ...
in the canton of
Aargau Aargau ( ; ), more formally the Canton of Aargau (; ; ; ), is one of the Canton of Switzerland, 26 cantons forming the Switzerland, Swiss Confederation. It is composed of eleven districts and its capital is Aarau. Aargau is one of the most nort ...
in
Switzerland Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a landlocked country located in west-central Europe. It is bordered by Italy to the south, France to the west, Germany to the north, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east. Switzerland ...
.


History

Some scattered
La Tène culture The La Tène culture (; ) was a Iron Age Europe, European Iron Age culture. It developed and flourished during the late Iron Age (from about 450 BC to the Roman Republic, Roman conquest in the 1st century BC), succeeding the early Iron Age ...
items have been discovered near Böttstein. The modern village of Böttstein is first mentioned in 1087 as ''Botistein''. During the 11th to 13th Centuries it was the seat of the lords of Böttstein, who ruled over the village. The other, neighboring villages were under the
lower court A lower court or inferior court is a court from which an appeal may be taken, usually referring to courts other than supreme court. In relation to an appeal from one court to another, the lower court is the court whose decision is being revie ...
of the
Knights Hospitaller The Order of Knights of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem, commonly known as the Knights Hospitaller (), is a Catholic military order. It was founded in the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem in the 12th century and had headquarters there ...
order house at Leuggern. After the conquest of the Aargau in 1415, the ''
Herrschaft The German term ''Herrschaft'' (plural: ''Herrschaften'') covers a broad semantic field and only the context will tell whether it means, "rule", "power", "dominion", "authority", "territory" or "lordship". In its most abstract sense, it refers ...
'' was held by the district of Leuggern in the County of Baden. The ownership of the administrative rights of the village wend through about ten changes until 1606 when it was bought by the von Roll family of
Uri Uri may refer to: Places * Canton of Uri, a canton in Switzerland * Úri, a village and commune in Hungary * Uri, Iran, a village in East Azerbaijan Province * Uri, Jammu and Kashmir, a town in India * Uri (island), off Malakula Island in V ...
. Between 1615-17, they replaced the original castle with a late-Gothic - early Baroque mansion with chapel. Through marriage, the property came in 1674 to the
Schmid Schmid () is a German surname that is a cognate of "Smith", an occupational surname for a blacksmith. The spelling is more common in Switzerland than Schmidt or Schmitt. Notable people with the surname include: * Akira Schmid, Swiss ice hockey p ...
family of
Bellikon Bellikon is a municipalities of Switzerland, municipality in the district of Baden (district, Aargau), Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland. History The area was settled during Roman Empire, Roman times. The Roman road between Vindonissa ...
, who ruled over the village until 1798 and occupied the castle until 1893. The chapel of St. Anthony was given a wide range of ornamentation in the manner of Italian baroque churches with excellent
stucco Stucco or render is a construction material made of aggregates, a binder, and water. Stucco is applied wet and hardens to a very dense solid. It is used as a decorative coating for walls and ceilings, exterior walls, and as a sculptural and ...
work, all done by northern Italian masters. In 1816 the municipality was formed by dividing the large municipality of Leuggern. Böttstein and the other villages were part of the
parish A parish is a territorial entity in many Christianity, Christian denominations, constituting a division within a diocese. A parish is under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of a priest#Christianity, priest, often termed a parish pries ...
of Leuggern. Until the late 19th Century the major economic activities were farming,
viticulture Viticulture (, "vine-growing"), viniculture (, "wine-growing"), or winegrowing is the cultivation and harvesting of grapes. It is a branch of the science of horticulture. While the native territory of ''Vitis vinifera'', the common grape vine ...
and handicrafts. During the late 19th Century, the timber industry grew along the
Aare The Aare () or Aar () is the main tributary of the High Rhine (its discharge even exceeds that of the latter at their confluence) and the longest river that both rises and ends entirely within Switzerland. Its total length from its source to i ...
river, which provided many new jobs. The new jobs along the river allowed the small village of Kleindöttingen to expand rapidly. Despite its own industry (1970-94 particle board factory, furniture factories) and numerous commercial enterprises the municipality is primarily a commuter town.


Geography

Böttstein has an area, , of . Of this area, or 34.0% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 35.1% is forested. Of the rest of the land, or 20.8% is settled (buildings or roads), or 9.2% is either rivers or lakes and or 1.5% is unproductive land.Swiss Federal Statistical Office-Land Use Statistics
2009 data accessed 25 March 2010
Of the built up area, industrial buildings made up 3.6% of the total area while housing and buildings made up 8.9% and transportation infrastructure made up 4.0%. Power and water infrastructure as well as other special developed areas made up 3.1% of the area while parks, green belts and sports fields made up 1.1%. Out of the forested land, 32.8% of the total land area is heavily forested and 2.3% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 22.0% is used for growing crops and 9.9% is pastures, while 2.2% is used for orchards or vine crops. Of the water in the municipality, 3.6% is in lakes and 5.5% is in rivers and streams. The municipality is located in the Zurzach district, on the left bank of the Aare river a few kilometers from its
confluence In geography, a confluence (also ''conflux'') occurs where two or more watercourses join to form a single channel (geography), channel. A confluence can occur in several configurations: at the point where a tributary joins a larger river (main ...
. It consists of the villages of Böttstein and Kleindöttingen and the
hamlets A hamlet is a human settlement that is smaller than a town or village. This is often simply an informal description of a smaller settlement or possibly a subdivision or satellite entity to a larger settlement. Sometimes a hamlet is defined f ...
of Eien and Burlen.


Coat of arms

The
blazon In heraldry and heraldic vexillology, a blazon is a formal description of a coat of arms, flag or similar emblem, from which the reader can reconstruct an accurate image. The verb ''to blazon'' means to create such a description. The visual d ...
of the municipal
coat of arms A coat of arms is a heraldry, heraldic communication design, visual design on an escutcheon (heraldry), escutcheon (i.e., shield), surcoat, or tabard (the last two being outer garments), originating in Europe. The coat of arms on an escutcheon f ...
is ''Or Frete Gules'' and is based on the coat of arms of the Counts of Böttstein.


Demographics

Böttstein has a population () of . , 39.2% of the population are foreign nationals.Statistical Department of Canton Aargau -Bereich 01 -Bevölkerung
accessed 20 January 2010
Over the last 10 years (1997–2007) the population has changed at a rate of 1.1%. Most of the population () speaks
German German(s) may refer to: * Germany, the country of the Germans and German things **Germania (Roman era) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizenship in Germany, see also Ge ...
(80.3%), with
Italian Italian(s) may refer to: * Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries ** Italians, a Romance ethnic group related to or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom ** Italian language, a Romance languag ...
being second most common ( 6.3%) and
Albanian Albanian may refer to: *Pertaining to Albania in Southeast Europe; in particular: **Albanians, an ethnic group native to the Balkans **Albanian language **Albanian culture **Demographics of Albania, includes other ethnic groups within the country ...
being third ( 4.3%).Swiss Federal Statistical Office
accessed 16-June-2010
The age distribution, , in Böttstein is; 368 children or 9.8% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 502 teenagers or 13.3% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 500 people or 13.3% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 437 people or 11.6% are between 30 and 39, 614 people or 16.3% are between 40 and 49, and 573 people or 15.2% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 405 people or 10.8% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 262 people or 7.0% are between 70 and 79, there are 91 people or 2.4% who are between 80 and 89, and there are 12 people or 0.3% who are 90 and older.Statistical Department of Canton Aargau -Bevölkerungsdaten für den Kanton Aargau und die Gemeinden (Archiv)
accessed 20 January 2010
the average number of residents per living room was 0.63 which is more people per room than the cantonal average of 0.57 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 52.2% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a
mortgage A mortgage loan or simply mortgage (), in civil law (legal system), civil law jurisdictions known also as a hypothec loan, is a loan used either by purchasers of real property to raise funds to buy real estate, or by existing property owners t ...
or a
rent-to-own Rent-to-own, also known as rental purchase or rent-to-buy, is a type of legally documented transaction under which tangible property, such as furniture, consumer electronics, motor vehicles, home appliances, engagement rings, and real property, ...
agreement). , there were 132 homes with 1 or 2 persons in the household, 762 homes with 3 or 4 persons in the household, and 471 homes with 5 or more persons in the household. , there were 1,392 private households (homes and apartments) in the municipality, and an average of 2.6 persons per household. there were 433 single family homes (or 27.6% of the total) out of a total of 1,567 homes and apartments.Statistical Department of Canton Aargau
accessed 20 January 2010
There were a total of 4 empty apartments for a 0.3% vacancy rate. , the construction rate of new housing units was 0 new units per 1000 residents. In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 49.84% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP (20.11%), the FDP (10.67%) and the SP (10.47%). In the federal election, a total of 962 votes were cast, and the
voter turnout In political science, voter turnout is the participation rate (often defined as those who cast a ballot) of a given election. This is typically either the percentage of Voter registration, registered voters, Suffrage, eligible voters, or all Voti ...
was 48.7%. The historical population is given in the following table:


Heritage sites of national significance

The oil press and
sawmill A sawmill (saw mill, saw-mill) or lumber mill is a facility where logging, logs are cut into lumber. Modern sawmills use a motorized saw to cut logs lengthwise to make long pieces, and crosswise to length depending on standard or custom sizes ...
at Schlossweg 2 and the castle chapel are listed as Swiss heritage sites of national significance. The entire village of Böttstein is designated as part of the
Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites The Federal Inventory of Heritage Sites (ISOS) is part of a 1981 Ordinance of the Swiss Federal Council implementing the Federal Law on the Protection of Nature and Cultural Heritage. Sites of national importance Types The types are based on t ...
.


Economy

, there were a total of 1,671 people employed in the municipality. Of these, a total of 52 people worked in 14 businesses in the primary economic sector. The
secondary sector In macroeconomics, the secondary sector of the economy is an economic sector in the three-sector theory that describes the role of manufacturing. It encompasses industries that produce a finished, usable product or are involved in constructi ...
employed 743 workers in 51 separate businesses. Finally, the
tertiary sector The tertiary sector of the economy, generally known as the service sector, is the third of the three economic sectors in the three-sector model (also known as the economic cycle). The others are the primary sector (raw materials) and the ...
provided 876 jobs in 134 businesses. In 2013 a total of 0.5% of the population received social assistance.Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Regional portraits
accessed 2 May 2016
there were 1,827 workers who lived in the municipality. Of these, 1,402 or about 76.7% of the residents worked outside Böttstein while 722 people commuted into the municipality for work. There were a total of 1,147 jobs (of at least 6 hours per week) in the municipality. Of the working population, 15.4% used public transportation to get to work, and 55.3% used a private car.


Politics

In the 2011 federal election the most popular party was the SVP with 52.3% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP (16.1%), the SP (11.0%) and the FDP (8.1%). In the federal election, a total of 958 votes were cast, and the
voter turnout In political science, voter turnout is the participation rate (often defined as those who cast a ballot) of a given election. This is typically either the percentage of Voter registration, registered voters, Suffrage, eligible voters, or all Voti ...
was 49.7%.


Crime

In 2014 the crime rate, of the over 200 crimes listed in the
Swiss Criminal Code The Swiss Criminal Code (SR/RS 311, , , , ) is a portion of the third part (SR/RS 3) of the Swiss law, internal Swiss law ("Private law - Administration of civil justice - Enforcement") that regulates the criminal code in Switzerland. The orig ...
(running from murder, robbery and assault to accepting bribes and election fraud), in Böttstein was 25.3 per thousand residents. This rate is only 50.1% of the cantonal rate and 39.2% of the average rate in the entire country. During the same period, the rate of drug crimes was 3.5 per thousand residents, only 35.4% of the national rate. The rate of violations of immigration, visa and work permit laws was 0 per thousand residents.Statistical Atlas of Switzerland
accessed 5 April 2016


Religion

From the , 2,087 or 57.2% were
Roman Catholic The Catholic Church (), also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.27 to 1.41 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2025. It is among the world's oldest and largest international institut ...
, while 661 or 18.1% belonged to the
Swiss Reformed Church The Protestant Church in Switzerland (PCS), formerly named Federation of Swiss Protestant Churches until 31 December 2019, is a federation of 25 member churches – 24 cantonal churches and the Evangelical-Methodist Church of Switzerland. The P ...
. Of the rest of the population, there were 7 individuals (or about 0.19% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic faith.Statistical Department of Canton Aargau - Aargauer Zahlen 2009
accessed 20 January 2010


Education

In Böttstein about 62.2% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a ''
Fachhochschule A (; plural ), abbreviated FH, is a university of applied sciences (UAS), in other words a Hochschule, German tertiary education institution that provides professional education in many applied sciences and applied arts, such as engineering, te ...
''). Of the school age population (), there are 261 students attending
primary school A primary school (in Ireland, India, the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Trinidad and Tobago, Jamaica, South Africa, and Singapore), elementary school, or grade school (in North America and the Philippines) is a school for primary ...
, there are 202 students attending secondary school in the municipality.


References

*Sarah Brian Scherer, Dominik Sauerländer, Andreas Steigmeier: ''Das Kirchspiel Leuggern – Geschichte von Böttstein, Full-Reuenthal, Leibstadt und Leuggern,'' 2001


External links

*http://www.boettstein.ch Official website (in German) * {{DEFAULTSORT:Bottstein Municipalities of Aargau Cultural property of national significance in Aargau