Bátonyterenye

Bátonyterenye is a town in Nógrád County, Hungary, under the Mátra mountain range, beside of the Zagyva river. As of 2022 census, it has a population of 11,296 (see Demographics). The town located beside of the (Nr. 81) Hatvan–Fiľakovo railway line and the main road 21. The M3 motorway is 42.6 km far. The city has two railway stations: ''Kisterenye'' in the north and ''Nagybátony'' in the south.

History

The area of Bátonyterenye was populated early, it was a densely populated place in the second half of the Bronze Age, around 1500 BC. The first documented mention of the settlement dates from 1216, when the southern part of the present-day town (Nagybátony) is mentioned as ''Batun''. The northern town (Kisterenye) is first mentioned in 1280 as ''Thyrina'', then in 1381 as ''Egihazas'' and in 1413 as ''Vásáros Therennye''. The east-central district (Maconka) is mentioned in 1396 under the name ''Machunka''. In Maconka and Kisterenye built a Romanesque style church. Kisterenye was given the status of a market town in the 15th century. Szúpatak, west of the city, was mentioned for the first time in 1461 under the name ''Azzywpatak''. The villages was burned several times by the Ottomans in the 16th century. Szúpatak and then Kisterenye were also depopulated. Slovak settlers appeared in Szúpatak around 1740 and they built up the Lutheran church of the village. In Nagybátony, the Saint George church was built in 1735 and after 1839, the medieval church of Saint Stephen in Kisterenye was expanded twice. In the 18-19. century the and Gyürky families owned the villages. The built the onion-domed Gyürky-Solymosy castle, which has a 13-hectare park. The Almásy's farm buildings of the 19th century remain on the Felsőlengyend farm. In the Middle Ages, the population of the villages lived from agriculture, and the land was the common property of the local nobility.

The Hatvan- Fülek railway line was built in 1867, which ensured the possibility of coal extraction. Coal mining began in the 1860s northeast of Kisterenye and south of Nagybátony. As a result of mining, mining communities were established in the valleys of the Szoros, Kecskés and Kazár creeks. The jobs that appeared as a result of coal mining increased immigration from the surrounding settlements and from the direction of the Great Hungarian Plain. In Kisterenye in 1907 built up the Lutheran church. Until 1950, the Zagyva river marked the county border between Heves and Nógrád counties, which meant that Nagybátony and Maconka belonged to Heves county. The construction of the ''Bányaváros'' district connecting Maconka and Nagybátony began in 1950. Half of the population lived from te mining, and the settlement's secondary school was built in the 1950s. From the 1960s, the settlements expanded towards each other.

In 1984, ''Kisterenye, Maconka, Nagybátony and Szúpatak'' were officially united and Bátonyterenye was created. The settlement received town status in 1989. Bátonyterenye was created as a typical socialist mining town, so it was sensitively affected by the closure of the mines. The establishment of the hosiery factory, heating equipment factory and iron alloy factory only alleviated unemployment in the short term. At the beginning of the 21st century, an industrial park was created between the railway and the main road. After the collectivization, the Mátra Cooperative became the dominant force in agriculture, which still operates today. The northern and southern ends of the city are garden-like. The population of Szúpatak has drastically decreased due to its geographical isolation. Rákóczibánya in the northeast became an independent village in 2002. The town is the part of the Novohrad-Nógrád Geopark
with the Gyürky-Solymosy castle and with the water storage of Maconka.

Demographics

According the 2022 census, 86.7% of the population were of Hungarian ethnicity, 4.9% were Gypsies and 13.2% were did not wish to answer. The religious distribution was as follows: 30.3% Roman Catholic, 1.9% Lutheran, 1.4% Calvinist, 22.2% non-denominational, and 41.3% did not wish to answer. The Gypsies have a local nationality government. Two other inner area exist 6.6 and 6.9 km far from the town center, outside of the city: ''Szúpatak'' and ''Szorospatak'' with 52 and 32 people. Another 49 people are living in 8 farms. Szúpatak and the surrounding farms have and own postal code (3078).

Population by years:

Politics

''Mayors since 1990'':
* 1990–1994: Mihály Nagy (independent)
* 1994–2002: Ottó Balázs (MSZP)
* 2002–2007: Gábor Vanya (MSZP, until 2006 supported by the MP and the MSZDP too)
* 2007–2010: Éva Dóka, Mrs. Lavaj (MSZP)
* 2010–2024: József Nagy-Majdon (Fidesz–KDNP)
* 2024–: István Orosz (Mátravölgye Sport Club)

Notable people

* (1833–1898) writer
* (1903–1992) sculptor, his many works in the town
* (1927–2017) sculptor, honorary citizen

Twin towns – sister cities

Bátonyterenye is twinned with:
* Fiľakovo, Slovakia
* Giresun, Czech Republic
* Kobylnica, Poland

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Batonyterenye
Populated places in Nógrád County
Socialist planned cities
Planned communities in Hungary
Novohrad-Nógrád UNESCO Global Geopark