Budmér was the name of a minor ''gens'' (Latin for "clan"; ''nemzetség'' in Hungarian) in the

Kingdom of Hungary The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from 1000 to 1946 and was a key part of the Habsburg monarchy from 1526-1918. The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the Coro ...

, which possessed lands in

Southern Transdanubia Southern Transdanubia ( ) is a subdivision of Hungary as defined by the Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS). It is one of the eight classified NUTS-2 statistical regions of Hungary. The region incorporates the south-western pa ...

, mostly

Baranya County Baranya (, ; German language, German:Croatian language, Croatian:'' Baranjska županija'') is a Counties of Hungary, county () in southern Hungary. It is part of the Southern Transdanubia statistical region and the historical Baranya (region), B ...

History

The Budmér clan possibly originated from

Slavonia Slavonia (; ) is, with Dalmatia, Croatia proper, and Istria County, Istria, one of the four Regions of Croatia, historical regions of Croatia. Located in the Pannonian Plain and taking up the east of the country, it roughly corresponds with f ...

. Their name comes from

Slavic Slavic, Slav or Slavonic may refer to: Peoples * Slavic peoples, an ethno-linguistic group living in Europe and Asia ** East Slavic peoples, eastern group of Slavic peoples ** South Slavic peoples, southern group of Slavic peoples ** West Slav ...

personal name ''Budimír''. It may also come from

Cuman The Cumans or Kumans were a Turkic nomadic people from Central Asia comprising the western branch of the Cuman–Kipchak confederation who spoke the Cuman language. They are referred to as Polovtsians (''Polovtsy'') in Rus' chronicles, as " ...

''Bütemer.'' According to historian

György Györffy György Györffy (26 September 1917 – 19 December 2000) was a Hungarian historian, and member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (). Biography Györffy was born in Szucság (Suceagu, today part of Baciu, Romania), Hungary the son of ethnog ...

, they were of

castle warrior A castle warrior or castle serf (, )Bán 1989, p. 237. was a landholder obliged to provide military services to the ''ispán'' or head of a royal castle district in the medieval Kingdom of Hungary. Castle warriors "formed a privileged, elite clas ...

origin, but historian Tamás Körmendi strongly doubts it because of the lack of royal castle lands in the region. By the last decades of the 13th century, when the genus first appeared in contemporary records, they possessed villages

Nagybudmér Nagybudmér (; ) is a village and municipality () in Baranya County, Hungary. Residents are Magyars, with minority of Germans. Geography Nagybudmér is located in east central Baranya County, about halfway between the towns of Bóly and Villá ...

and

Kisbudmér Kisbudmér (; ) is a village and Municipalities of Hungary, municipality () in Baranya (county), Baranya county, Hungary. Etymology The name comes from Slavic languages, Slavic personal name ''Budimír''. ''Budmer'' (1291). Until the end of Worl ...

north of the

Villány Mountains Villány Mountains ( ) is a relatively low mountain range located west from the town of Villány, in Baranya county, Southern Hungary. Its highest summit, the Szársomlyó is 442 metres high. The latter has an extraordinary flora: on its sou ...

. Both villages were named after the founder of the clan, Budmér or Budimír. Two members of the family, Andrew (son of Peter) and Teha acted as arbiters in the lawsuit between James Győr and Kemény, son of Lawrence in 1285. Another member of the clan, Michael was a ''

familiaris In the Middle Ages, a ''familiaris'' (plural ''familiares''), more formally a ''familiaris regis'' ("familiar of the king") or ''familiaris curiae''In medieval documents, ''curiae'' may also be spelled ''curiæ'' or ''curie''. ("of the court"), ...

'' of Kemény. Andrew served as one of the noble judges (; lit. "servants' judge") of Baranya County in 1291 and 1295, alongside other local noblemen. This Andrew and his relative Bencentius (son of Mark) appeared as arbiters in 1296 and 1297, in a lawsuit between the Győr (Óvári) and Kán (Siklósi) clans. Tamás Körmendi identified Nicholas the Sinister, who served as

Master of the stewards The master of the stewards or master of the table (, , and ) was one of the high officials of the royal household in the Kingdom of Hungary The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from 1000 ...

from 1251 to 1256, as a member of the Budmér clan. He claimed this based on Nicholas' fragmentally preserved seal from 1255, which circumscription can be solved as "'' - - MAISTRI DE GENERE BVDMER''", in addition to a 1285 charter by the cathedral chapter of

Pécs Pécs ( , ; ; Slovak language, Slovak: ''Päťkostolie''; also known by #Name, alternative names) is List of cities and towns of Hungary#Largest cities in Hungary, the fifth largest city in Hungary, on the slopes of the Mecsek mountains in the c ...

, which referred to a certain Michael as a son of ''

ispán The ispánRady 2000, p. 19.''Stephen Werbőczy: The Customary Law of the Renowned Kingdom of Hungary in Three Parts (1517)'', p. 450. or countEngel 2001, p. 40.Curta 2006, p. 355. (, , and ),Kirschbaum 2007, p. 315. deriving from title of župan, ...

'' Nicholas from the kindred Budmér (i.e. the above-mentioned Michael). Nicholas the Sinister also had a son named Michael. Nicholas' seal depicts two birds (pigeons or thrushes), which could be the symbol of the Budmér clan.

Family tree

Fragmented data

*Peter **Andrew (fl. 1285–97), noble judge of Baranya County (1291, 1295) Teha (fl. 1285) *Mark **Bencentius (fl. 1296–97)

"Sinister" branch

*Nicholas I **

Nicholas II Nicholas II (Nikolai Alexandrovich Romanov; 186817 July 1918) or Nikolai II was the last reigning Emperor of Russia, King of Congress Poland, and Grand Duke of Finland from 1 November 1894 until his abdication on 15 March 1917. He married ...

("the Sinister"; fl. 1241–1256),

(1251–1256) ***Michael (or Nicholas III; fl. 1265–1285, died before 1287) ***George (fl. 1265–1270) ∞ daughter of Conrad Győr ****Stephanie (fl. 1302–1321) ∞ Nicholas Osl ***Catherine ∞ Ladislaus Gyönki ***a daughter (fl. 1287–1303) ∞ Kemény, son of Lawrence

References

Sources

* * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Budmer (genus)