Bronisław Bandrowski (; 27 May 1879 – 27 July 1914) was a Polish

philosopher Philosophy ('love of wisdom' in Ancient Greek) is a systematic study of general and fundamental questions concerning topics like existence, reason, knowledge, Value (ethics and social sciences), value, mind, and language. It is a rational an ...

and

psychologist A psychologist is a professional who practices psychology and studies mental states, perceptual, cognitive, emotional, and social processes and behavior. Their work often involves the experimentation, observation, and explanation, interpretatio ...

. He was one of the pupils of Kazimierz Twardowski. Drawing from his mentor's theories and the tradition of the

Lwów–Warsaw school The Lwów–Warsaw School () was an interdisciplinary school of thought, school (mainly philosophy, logic and psychology) founded by Kazimierz Twardowski in 1895 in Lviv, Lwów, Austro-Hungary (now Lviv, Ukraine). Though its members represented a ...

, his works dealt with the problem of induction. Bandrowski was also noted for his death in the Tatra Mountains on the Orla Perć.

Background

Bandrowski was born on 27 May 1879 in Mościska ( Galicia,

Austria-Hungary Austria-Hungary, also referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Dual Monarchy or the Habsburg Monarchy, was a multi-national constitutional monarchy in Central Europe#Before World War I, Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. A military ...

). He was the son of Alfred Bandrowski, a court clerk, and Joanna née Zajączkowska. He was also the nephew of the Polish

opera Opera is a form of History of theatre#European theatre, Western theatre in which music is a fundamental component and dramatic roles are taken by Singing, singers. Such a "work" (the literal translation of the Italian word "opera") is typically ...

tenor A tenor is a type of male singing voice whose vocal range lies between the countertenor and baritone voice types. It is the highest male chest voice type. Composers typically write music for this voice in the range from the second B below m ...

Aleksander Bandrowski and the cousin of the writer Juliusz Kaden-Bandrowski. After finishing high school, Bandrowski took classical

philology Philology () is the study of language in Oral tradition, oral and writing, written historical sources. It is the intersection of textual criticism, literary criticism, history, and linguistics with strong ties to etymology. Philology is also de ...

and philosophy at the

University of Lviv The Ivan Franko National University of Lviv (named after Ivan Franko, ) is a state-sponsored university in Lviv, Ukraine. Since 1940 the university is named after Ukrainian poet Ivan Franko. The university is the oldest institution of highe ...

. In 1905 he obtained a doctorate in philosophy. In the years 1905–1906 he supplemented his psychological studies in

Göttingen Göttingen (, ; ; ) is a college town, university city in Lower Saxony, central Germany, the Capital (political), capital of Göttingen (district), the eponymous district. The River Leine runs through it. According to the 2022 German census, t ...

and

London London is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of both England and the United Kingdom, with a population of in . London metropolitan area, Its wider metropolitan area is the largest in Wester ...

. Stay at G.E. Müller in Göttingen influenced his interest in

experimental psychology Experimental psychology is the work done by those who apply Experiment, experimental methods to psychological study and the underlying processes. Experimental psychologists employ Research participant, human participants and Animal testing, anim ...

. Bandrowski became one of the founding members of the Polish Philosophical Society and an active member and editor of the journal ''Ruch Filozoficzny'' (Philosophical Movement).

Works

Bandrowski's doctoral dissertation, ''On methods of induction research'', is considered one of his most notable works. It included a critical analysis of the intrinsic qualities of induction. In this paper, he also maintained that – to analyze induction – the question concerning the qualities of the notion of cause must first be answered. Together with Władysław Witwicki, Bandrowski developed a model of psychology based on

Franz Brentano Franz Clemens Honoratus Hermann Josef Brentano (; ; 16 January 1838 – 17 March 1917) was a German philosopher and psychologist. His 1874 '' Psychology from an Empirical Standpoint'', considered his magnum opus, is credited with having reintrod ...

's theory on phenomenology. It included an analysis of

Edmund Husserl Edmund Gustav Albrecht Husserl (; 8 April 1859 – 27 April 1938) was an Austrian-German philosopher and mathematician who established the school of Phenomenology (philosophy), phenomenology. In his early work, he elaborated critiques of histori ...

's works (e.g. theory of content and the Phenomenon of thinking). Bandrowski rejected the German philosopher's method in his embrace of the descriptive-psychological method and logical analysis. Bandrowski also authored the report containing the discussions of a 1912

Kraków , officially the Royal Capital City of Kraków, is the List of cities and towns in Poland, second-largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in Lesser Poland Voivodeship, the city has a population of 804,237 ...

congress organized by the Neurological and Psychiatric Section of the Warsaw Medical Society. The report was devoted to

Sigmund Freud Sigmund Freud ( ; ; born Sigismund Schlomo Freud; 6 May 1856 – 23 September 1939) was an Austrian neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis, a clinical method for evaluating and treating psychopathology, pathologies seen as originating fro ...

's concept of

hysteria Hysteria is a term used to mean ungovernable emotional excess and can refer to a temporary state of mind or emotion. In the nineteenth century, female hysteria was considered a diagnosable physical illness in women. It is assumed that the bas ...

as well as contemporaneous issues concerning the psychoanalytical movement. Bandrowski argued that there is no significant difference between the results of Freud's theory and the findings of contemporary psychological theories if his theory is formulated using the terminology of the latter.

Death

In July 1914, Bandrowski went on a hiking trip in Tatra Mountains near Zakopane together with his sister and fiance Anna Hackbeilówna. The three got lost while descending Czarny Gąsienicowy Pond. Hackbeilówna fell to her death in the descent while Bandrowski and his sister got trapped on a rocky ledge called . Having lost hope, Bandrowski threw himself into an abyss after three days waiting for help. His sister was later rescued by a TOPR rescue expedition led by Mariusz Zaruski.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bandrowski, Bronisław 1879 births 1914 deaths People from Mostyska Polish psychologists University of Lviv alumni Mountaineering deaths 1914 suicides 20th-century Polish philosophers Suicides by jumping in Poland