Brie () is a commune in the

Somme __NOTOC__ Somme or The Somme may refer to: Places *Somme (department), a department of France * Somme, Queensland, Australia * Canal de la Somme, a canal in France *Somme (river), a river in France Arts, entertainment, and media * ''Somme'' (book), ...

department in

Hauts-de-France Hauts-de-France (; ; ), also referred to in English as Upper France, is the northernmost region of France, created by the territorial reform of French regions in 2014, from a merger of Nord-Pas-de-Calais and Picardy. Its prefecture is Lille. ...

in northern

France France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...

Geography

Brie is situated west of Saint-Quentin and about south of Péronne, on the banks of the river

, where it is crossed by the N39.

Physical geography

The majority of the soil of the commune is of clay-limestone nature.1/5 of the

subsoil Subsoil is the layer of soil under the topsoil on the surface of the ground. Like topsoil, it is composed of a variable mixture of small particles such as sand, silt and clay, but with a much lower percentage of organic matter and humus. The su ...

is of limestone nature and 1/50 of the soil of sandy nature.

Relief, landscape, vegetation

The relief of the commune is that of a

plateau In geology and physical geography, a plateau (; ; : plateaus or plateaux), also called a high plain or a tableland, is an area of a highland consisting of flat terrain that is raised sharply above the surrounding area on at least one side. ...

, which culminates at of altitude. The village built on the western slope of the plateau dominates the valley of the Somme and its lakes.

Hydrography

The river

touches the communal territory at its western extremity. On its entrance into the territory of Brie, the river divides into two arms, which meet soon after. The

water table The water table is the upper surface of the phreatic zone or zone of saturation. The zone of saturation is where the pores and fractures of the ground are saturated with groundwater, which may be fresh, saline, or brackish, depending on the loc ...

is located at a little distance from the level of the ponds.

Climate

The climate of the municipality is temperate oceanic with

prevailing wind In meteorology, prevailing wind in a region of the Earth's surface is a surface wind that blows predominantly from a particular direction. The dominant winds are the trends in direction of wind with the highest speed over a particular point on t ...

from southwest, northwest and west.

Human geography

Urban planning and land use planning

The commune has a grouped habitat. The village of Brie was destroyed during the

First World War World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...

was rebuilt during the interwar period.

Economic activity and services

Agriculture Agriculture encompasses crop and livestock production, aquaculture, and forestry for food and non-food products. Agriculture was a key factor in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created ...

remains the dominant activity of the commune.

Roads of communication and transportation

Brie is crossed by the road Amiens-Saint-Quentin and the road that connects Saint-Christ-Briost to Mesnil-Bruntel.

History

Toponymy

The name Brie comes from the Latin ''bria'' or the Celtic ''briga'', which meant bridge over a river.

Ancient history

In front of the church, presence of prehistoric megalith "the turning stone".

Antiquity

Brie being situated on the

Roman road Roman roads ( ; singular: ; meaning "Roman way") were physical infrastructure vital to the maintenance and development of the Roman state, built from about 300 BC through the expansion and consolidation of the Roman Republic and the Roman Em ...

from

Samarobriva Amiens (English: or ; ; , or ) is a city and Communes of France, commune in northern France, located north of Paris and south-west of Lille. It is the capital of the Somme (department), Somme Departments of France, department in the region ...

(

Amiens Amiens (English: or ; ; , or ) is a city and Communes of France, commune in northern France, located north of Paris and south-west of Lille. It is the capital of the Somme (department), Somme Departments of France, department in the region ...

) to Augusta Viromanduorum ( Saint-Quentin) at the point where it crossed the Somme river, it is more than likely that there was a bridge there. Traces of

Gallo-Roman Gallo-Roman culture was a consequence of the Romanization (cultural), Romanization of Gauls under the rule of the Roman Empire in Roman Gaul. It was characterized by the Gaulish adoption or adaptation of Roman culture, Roman culture, language ...

habitat were found on the municipal territory.

Middle Ages

In the

Middle Ages In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the 5th to the late 15th centuries, similarly to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire and ...

, Pont-lès-Brie and Applaincourt were dependencies of Brie. In 1303, by a charter, Gérin de Saint-Christ sold a wood near Brie in the priory of Lihons-en-Santerre. In 1344 a certain Jean de Brie was a maid of Péronne.

Coat of arms

The village

coat of arms A coat of arms is a heraldry, heraldic communication design, visual design on an escutcheon (heraldry), escutcheon (i.e., shield), surcoat, or tabard (the last two being outer garments), originating in Europe. The coat of arms on an escutcheon f ...

is "azure to the golden chevron accompanied by three half-flights of silver, those of the head back." The official status of the coat of arms remains to be determined.

Early Modern times

In 1571, the lordship of Brie belonged to the Duc de Chaulnes. In 1636, the village of Brie was burnt by a detachment of the armies of the

king of Spain The monarchy of Spain or Spanish monarchy () is the constitutional form of government of Spain. It consists of a Hereditary monarchy, hereditary monarch who reigns as the head of state, being the highest office of the country. The Spanish ...

commanded by John of Werth. However, the revolted inhabitants armed themselves with pitchforks and scythes and rushed at the enemy, preventing them from passing the Somme and forcing them to fall back on Saint Christ. 34 inhabitants of Brie perished in this scuffle. On a map of

Guillaume Delisle Guillaume Delisle, also spelled Guillaume de l'Isle, or Guillelmo Delille (; 28 February 1675, Paris – 25 January 1726, Paris) was a French cartographer known for his popular and accurate maps of Europe and the newly explored Americas. Childhoo ...

, dating from the 18th century, there is a fort defending the west entrance of the bridge.Abbé Paul Decagny, L'Arrondissement de Péronne ou recherches sur les villes, bourgs, villages et hameaux qui le composent, 1844 - réédition partielle sous le titre, Péronne et son canton, Inval-Boiron, La Vague verte, 2010. Brie depended on the election and

bailiwick A bailiwick () is usually the area of jurisdiction of a bailiff, and once also applied to territories in which a privately appointed bailiff exercised the sheriff's functions under a royal or imperial writ. In English, the original French combi ...

of Péronne, the generality of Amiens and the

diocese In Ecclesiastical polity, church governance, a diocese or bishopric is the ecclesiastical district under the jurisdiction of a bishop. History In the later organization of the Roman Empire, the increasingly subdivided Roman province, prov ...

Noyon Noyon (; ; , Noviomagus of the Viromandui, Veromandui, then ) is a Communes of France, commune in the Oise Departments of France, department, Northern France. Geography Noyon lies on the river Oise (river), Oise, about northeast of Paris. The ...

. During the French Revolution, the hamlets of Pont-lès-Brie and Applaincourt were attached to the commune of Villers-Carbonnel. In 1814–1815, the coalition armies ravaged the country. In 1870–1871, the population of Brie underwent the requisitions of the German army, in money and in kind. 24 young people of the commune took part in the fighting, two were wounded.

Modern history

During the

, the village of Brie was destroyed. File:Sherwood Foresters following up Germans near Brie March 1917 IWM Q 1863.jpg,

Sherwood Foresters The Sherwood Foresters (Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire Regiment) was a line infantry regiment of the British Army in existence for just under 90 years, from 1881 to 1970. In 1970, the regiment was amalgamated with the Worcestershire Regiment to ...

following up

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany, the country of the Germans and German things **Germania (Roman era) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizenship in Germany, see also Ge ...

s near Brie March File:War Drawings by Muirhead Bone- Chateau near Brie on the Somme Art.IWMREPRO00068459.jpg, File:British bicycle troops Brie, Somme March 1917 IWM Q 1868.jpg, British bicycle troops Brie, Somme March 1917 File:British troops in Brie, Somme March 1917 IWM Q 1865.jpg, British troops in Brie, Somme March 1917

Politics

The mayor is Marc Saintot, elected in 2020.

Population

In 2017, the municipality had 331 inhabitants, an increase of 1.8% compared to 2007.