Borne (;

Tweants Tweants (Tweants pronunciation: ; ) is a group of non-standardised Dutch Low Saxon dialects of the Low German language. It is spoken daily by approximately 62% of the population of Twente, a region in the eastern Dutch province of Overijsse ...

: ''Boorn'') is a

municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having municipal corporation, corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality' ...

and a town in the eastern

Netherlands , Terminology of the Low Countries, informally Holland, is a country in Northwestern Europe, with Caribbean Netherlands, overseas territories in the Caribbean. It is the largest of the four constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Nether ...

, in the region of

Twente Twente ( , Tweants dialect: ''Tweante'') is a region in the eastern Netherlands. It encompasses the most urbanised and easternmost part of the province of Overijssel. Twente is most likely named after the Tuihanti or Tvihanti, a Germanic people ...

. Its inhabitants also have the nickname ''Melbuul'' (flour bag in Twentsch).

History

The earliest traces of inhabitation in Borne are archeological finds at the "Stroom Esch" and "Zuid Esch" of substantial settlements dating from the late

Iron Age The Iron Age () is the final epoch of the three historical Metal Ages, after the Chalcolithic and Bronze Age. It has also been considered as the final age of the three-age division starting with prehistory (before recorded history) and progre ...

and the Roman period. Finds from around 800 CE., the remains of two farmhouses and the grave of a man buried with his armour, a sword, lance and 16 silver denarii coined by

Charlemagne Charlemagne ( ; 2 April 748 – 28 January 814) was List of Frankish kings, King of the Franks from 768, List of kings of the Lombards, King of the Lombards from 774, and Holy Roman Emperor, Emperor of what is now known as the Carolingian ...

near two farmhouses of the same age suggest inhabitation in the ninth century. The first historical mention of Borne, under the name ''Borghende'' dates from 1206 in a document which transfers churches in Steenwijk and Borne and their possessions by Fredericus, the abbot of the monastery in

Ruinen Ruinen is a village in the Dutch province of Drenthe. It is located in the municipality of De Wolden, about 10 km northwest of Hoogeveen. The Dwingelderveld National Park is located near Ruinen. History The village was first mentioned in ...

to the

bishop of Utrecht List of bishops and archbishops of the diocese and archdioceses of Utrecht. Medieval diocese from 695 to 1580 Founders of the Utrecht diocese * * * * * Bishops * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ...

Dirk van Are Dirk van Are (? - 1212), also Dietrich II of Are, was bishop and lord of Utrecht in the thirteenth century. He appears to be one of those martial churchmen who were better qualified for the camp than the choir. He was Bishop of Utrecht from 1198 ...

in return for possessions in Drenthe. The earliest phases of Borne center around the ''Meijershof'', which came into possession of the abbot of Ruinen in 1142. Until the beginning of the

industrial age The Industrial Age is a period of history that encompasses the changes in economic and social organization that began around 1760 in Great Britain and later in other countries, characterized chiefly by the replacement of hand tools with power-d ...

, Borne was an agricultural community, characterised by

plaggen soil Plaggen soil or plaggic anthrosol is a type of soil created in parts of northwest Europe in the Middle Ages, as a result of so-called "plaggen" agriculture on marginal podzol soils. In order to fertilize the fields, pieces of heath or grass includ ...

and extensive cattle farming. The main crops were

rye Rye (''Secale cereale'') is a grass grown extensively as a grain, a cover crop and a forage crop. It is grown principally in an area from Eastern and Northern Europe into Russia. It is much more tolerant of cold weather and poor soil than o ...

and

buckwheat Buckwheat (''Fagopyrum esculentum'') or common buckwheat is a flowering plant in the knotweed family Polygonaceae cultivated for its grain-like seeds and as a cover crop. Buckwheat originated around the 6th millennium BCE in the region of what ...

. Several ''landweren'', defensive earthworks consisting or earthen walls overgrown with blackthorn (

Prunus spinosa ''Prunus spinosa'', called blackthorn or sloe, is an Old World species of flowering plant in the rose family, Rosaceae. It is locally naturalized in parts of the New World. The fruits are used to make sloe gin in Britain and patxaran in B ...

) and

blackberries BlackBerry is a discontinued brand of handheld devices and related mobile services, originally developed and maintained by the Canadian company Research In Motion (RIM, later known as BlackBerry Limited) until 2016. The first BlackBerry device ...

are still visible in the landscape. Borne was originally the ' (judicial district) Borne, made up of the ''Marke Senderen'' (

Zenderen Zenderen is a village in the Dutch province of Overijssel. It is a part of the municipality of Borne, and lies about 6 km southeast of Almelo. History The village was first mentioned in the late-10th century as in Sindron. The etymology i ...

) and ''Bi den Broeke'' (lit. "by the brook",

Bornerbroek Bornerbroek () is a church village in the municipality of Almelo in Twente, the Dutch province of Overijssel. Up to the municipal reorganisation of 1 January 2001, the village was part of the municipality of Borne. History The village was first ...

) and the hamlet of Hertme. In 1655 Hertme has evolved into an independent ''marke''.

Population centres

Azelo Azelo (; Tweants: ) is a hamlet in the municipalities of Hof van Twente, Borne, and Almelo in the province of Overijssel in the Netherlands. It is located between Borne, Bornerbroek, and Delden and has approximately 250 inhabitants. Until Januar ...

(partly) *Borne *

Hertme Hertme is a village in the Dutch province of Overijssel. It is a part of the municipality of Borne, and lies about 7 km north of Hengelo Hengelo (; Tweants dialect, Tweants: ) is a city in the eastern part of the Netherlands, in the Twen ...

, historically part of Borne, is since 2001 part of the

Almelo Almelo () is a Municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality and a city in the eastern Netherlands. The main population centres in the town are Aadorp, Almelo, Mariaparochie, and Bornerbroek. Almelo has about 72,000 inhabitants in the middle o ...

municipality. Borne borders the municipalities of

Hengelo Hengelo (; Tweants dialect, Tweants: ) is a city in the eastern part of the Netherlands, in the Twente region, in the province of Overijssel. It is part of a larger urban area that also includes Enschede, Borne, Overijssel, Borne, Almelo and Ol ...

Hof van Twente Hof van Twente () is a municipality in the region Twente, in the province Overijssel in the eastern Netherlands. The municipality was established January 1, 2001, as the result of the merger of the municipalities of Diepenheim, Goor, Markelo, Amb ...

Dinkelland Dinkelland () is a municipality in the eastern Netherlands. For a short time it was known as Denekamp (one of its component towns) until it was renamed in 2002. Population centres Notable people * Johan Jongkind (1819 in Lattrop – 1891) a ...

and

Tubbergen Tubbergen (; Tweants dialect, Tweants: ) is a Municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality and town in the Provinces of the Netherlands, province of Overijssel in the eastern Netherlands. Geography The following population centres can be found ...

Topography

''Dutch Topographic map of the municipality of Borne, June 2015.''

Twin town

The sister city of Borne is

Transportation

* Borne railway station *Borne is served by two motorways. The and the

Notable people

Gerrit Jan Meulenbeld Gerrit Jan Meulenbeld (28 May 1928 – March 26, 2017) was a physician-scholar who taught and published major works of research in Indology. He specialized in the history of Indian medicine (Ayurveda). Throughout his scholarly career he also maint ...

(1928 in Borne - 2017) a physician-scholar who taught and published work on

Indology Indology, also known as South Asian studies, is the academic study of the history and cultures, languages, and literature of the Indian subcontinent, and as such is a subset of Asian studies. The term ''Indology'' (in German, ''Indologie'') is ...

Henk Nieuwkamp Henricus Everhardus Maria "Henk" Nieuwkamp (born 15 July 1942) is a retired Dutch cyclist who was active between 1959 and 1970. On track he competed at the 1968 Summer Olympics in the 4 km team putsuit. On the road he won the Ronde van Limb ...

(born 1942 in Borne) a retired Dutch cyclist, competed at the

1968 Summer Olympics The 1968 Summer Olympics (), officially known as the Games of the XIX Olympiad () and officially branded as Mexico 1968 (), were an international multi-sport event held from 12 to 27 October 1968, in Mexico City, Mexico. These were the first Ol ...

Pieter Omtzigt Pieter Herman Omtzigt (; born 8 January 1974) is a Dutch former politician who served as a member of the House of Representatives (Netherlands), House of Representatives between 2003 and 2025 apart from a short interruption between June and Octo ...

(born 1974 in The Hague, grew up in Borne), a Dutch politician * Henny Kroeze (born 1952 in Zenderen) a retired Dutch motorcycle racer who competed in speedway *

Rob Hornstra Rob Hornstra (born 1975) is a Dutch people, Dutch photographer and Self-publishing, self-publisher of Documentary photography, documentary work, particularly of areas of the former Soviet Union. Early life Hornstra was born in Borne, Overijssel, ...

(born 1975 in Borne) a Dutch photographer and self-publisher of documentary work about the former Soviet Union *

Marleen Veldhuis Magdalena Johanna Maria "Marleen" Veldhuis (born 29 June 1979) is a retired swimmer from the Netherlands. She was world record holder in four events (one individual event and three relay events). Veldhuis won eight world championships gold medal ...

(born 1979 in Borne) a retired swimmer, multiple medal winner at four Summer Olympics from 2008 to 2012 * Mats Wieffer (born 1999 in Borne) a Dutch professional footballer who plays in the Dutch national team *

Wout Weghorst Wout François Maria Weghorst (born 7 August 1992) is a Dutch professional association football, footballer who plays as a Striker (association football), striker for Eredivisie club AFC Ajax, Ajax and the Netherlands national football team, Net ...

(born 1992 in Borne) a Dutch professional footballer with over 300 club appearances

Gallery

File:Synagoge Borne.jpg, Synagoge Borne File:Exterieur OVERZICHT ZUIDGEVEL - Borne - 20260734 - RCE.jpg, Exterieur OVERZICHT ZUIDGEVEL - Borne File:Sint Stephanuskerk Borne.jpg, Sint Stephanuskerk Borne File:Schuur Bartelinksweg.JPG, Schuur Bartelinksweg

References

External links

* * {{Authority control Municipalities of Overijssel Populated places in Overijssel Twente