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Białołęka (, lit. ''White Meadow'') is one of 18 districts of
Warsaw Warsaw, officially the Capital City of Warsaw, is the capital and List of cities and towns in Poland, largest city of Poland. The metropolis stands on the Vistula, River Vistula in east-central Poland. Its population is officially estimated at ...
, located in the northern part of the city. Until October 27, 2002 Białołęka was a
gmina The gmina (Polish: , plural ''gminy'' ) is the basic unit of the administrative division of Poland, similar to a municipality. , there were 2,479 gminy throughout the country, encompassing over 43,000 villages. 940 gminy include cities and tow ...
. According to the Central Statistical Office data, the district's area is and 92 768 people inhabit Białołęka.


History

On the fields of Białołęka, one of the battles with the Swedish on July 28–30, 1656 took place. On February 25, 1831 one of the battles of the
November Uprising The November Uprising (1830–31) (), also known as the Polish–Russian War 1830–31 or the Cadet Revolution, was an armed rebellion in Russian Partition, the heartland of Partitions of Poland, partitioned Poland against the Russian Empire. ...
Battle of Białołęka – took place. * In 1425, the Białołęka village came into being and belonged to the Gołyński family. * During the
interwar period In the history of the 20th century, the interwar period, also known as the interbellum (), lasted from 11 November 1918 to 1 September 1939 (20 years, 9 months, 21 days) – from the end of World War I (WWI) to the beginning of World War II ( ...
, only the ''Różopol'' subdivision was part of Warsaw. * In 1938 Białołęka had 900 inhabitants and belonged to the Bródno municipality. * In 1951 a group of villages (including Białołęka) joined Warsaw as result of the new administrative divisions of Warsaw. * In 1976, during the next border changes, more villages joined Warsaw and the north-eastern border of Warsaw reached the point where it remains today. * In 1994, the Białołęka subdivision gave its name to the new gmina Warsaw-Białołęka. The gmina was the third largest out of eleven Warsaw gminas - 15% of the city's area. * In 2002, the territorial division of Warsaw changed, and gminas were replaced with
dzielnica In the Polish system of local administration, a dzielnica (Polish plural ''dzielnice'') is an administrative subdivision or quarter of a city or town. A dzielnica may have its own elected council ('' rada dzielnicy'', or ''dzielnica council'') ...
s. * In 2012, the Maria Skłodowska-Curie Bridge was opened, connecting Białołęka with another district Bielany.


Division

The area of the division is subdivided into following parts: * ''industrial'', where many industries are located in central, southern and southern-western parts: Żerań CHP Station (''Elektrociepłownia Żerań''), Polfa Tarchomin (a pharmaceutical company), ''Czajka'' sludgeworks, printing site of
Agora SA Agora Spółka Akcyjna (Agora SA) is a Polish media company. Agora and ''Gazeta Wyborcza'' (''The'' ''Electoral Gazette'') were created on the eve of the 1989 Polish legislative election, parliamentary elections in 1989. ''Gazeta Wyborcza'' beca ...
publisher, factories of L'Oréal and the Coca-Cola Company, PKP rail sites, and many building companies * ''housing estates with high density housing'' located in the central-western part (Nowy Tarchomin, Nowodwory and Nowe Świdry) * ''housing estates with prevalent detached housing'' - northern and central-northern parts (Choszczówka, Białołęka Dworska, Płudy, Henryków and others) * ''housing estates in village areas and arable lands'' (Brzeziny, Lewandów, Kobiałka, Białołęka Szlachecka, Mańki-Wojdy and others)


Subdivisions of Białołęka

Białołęka is divided into smaller subdivisions (
osiedle (Polish plural: ) is a term used in Poland to denote a designated subdivision or neighbourhood of a city or its , or of a town, with its own council and executive. Like the and sołectwo, an is an auxiliary unit (''jednostka pomocnicza'') of ...
s). Below is a list of them (the italic names are the ones which are not taken into account by the TERYT). Other subdivisions: * Szylówek


''Green'' Białołęka

* ''Parks:'' # Henrykowski Park – 30 056 m² # "Picassa" Park – 36 700 m² * ''Squares'' # By Botewa/Talarowa streets – 5088 m² # Next to ''Picassa'' housing estate – 32 900 m² # Around the town hall – 4560 m² # By Światowida street – 4600 m² * ''Flowerbeds'' # Area of flowerbeds – 250 m² # Area of rose-gardens – 177 m² * ''Surface waters'' #
Vistula The Vistula (; ) is the longest river in Poland and the ninth-longest in Europe, at in length. Its drainage basin, extending into three other countries apart from Poland, covers , of which is in Poland. The Vistula rises at Barania Góra i ...
river – 10 123 m # Henrykowski canal – 9638 m # Żerański canal – 9240 m # Długa river + Markowski canal – 5450 m # Bródnowski canal – 3600 m # Dyke B – 3270 m # Dyke A – 2640 m # Jabłonna stream – 1838 m * ''Natural reserves'' # Ławice Kiełpińskie natural reserve – fauna natural reserve near the border of Warsaw, which function is to protect places where water-mud birds make nests. Area - 803 hectares. # Łęgi Czarnej Strugi natural reserve – situated in the north-west part of Nieporęt gmina. Area - 39,53 hectares. There are also many different-sized forests in Białołęka.


Monuments of Białołęka

* Court on Mehoffera Street :This consists of a court from the 18th century, a palace from the beginning of the 18th century, once occupied by the statesman, Tadeusz Mostowski, and a park. * Church of
St James the Great James the Great ( Koinē Greek: Ἰάκωβος, romanized: ''Iákōbos''; Aramaic: ܝܥܩܘܒ, romanized: ''Yaʿqōḇ''; died AD 44) was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus. According to the New Testament, he was the second of the apostles t ...
: 2 Mehoffera Street : The Church of St James the Great on Mehoffera Street is the only Gothic temple in Warsaw which still looks nearly the same today as when it was built. The architectural details from 16th century are still visible. The church is built from brick and it dates from the beginning of 16th century. * Church of Birth of the Blessed Virgin Lady : 21 Klasyków Street : A church built from 1908 to 1913 in Vistula Neo-Gothic style. It was consecrated on September 8, 1913, and on September 16, 1949 it was given its name by Stefan Wyszyński. * Church of
Michelangelo Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (6March 147518February 1564), known mononymously as Michelangelo, was an Italian sculptor, painter, architect, and poet of the High Renaissance. Born in the Republic of Florence, his work was inspir ...
: 119 Głębocka Street : One of the oldest wooden churches in Warsaw, probably founded by
Bona Sforza Bona Sforza (2 February 1494 – 19 November 1557) was Queen consort, Queen of Kingdom of Poland (1385–1569), Poland and List of Lithuanian consorts, Grand Duchess of Lithuania as the second wife of Sigismund the Old, and Duchess of Bari and ...
in 1534.


Transport in Białołęka

The main route where all transport goes is Modlińska Street (an extension of Jagiellońska), which is a part of
trunk road A trunk road is a major highway with a specific legal classification in some jurisdictions, notably the United Kingdom, Sweden and formerly Ireland. Trunk roads are planned and managed at the national-level, distinguishing them from non-trunk ro ...
61 to
Gdańsk Gdańsk is a city on the Baltic Sea, Baltic coast of northern Poland, and the capital of the Pomeranian Voivodeship. With a population of 486,492, Data for territorial unit 2261000. it is Poland's sixth-largest city and principal seaport. Gdań ...
and Masuria; and the Toruńska route, part of trunk road 8 to
Białystok Białystok is the largest city in northeastern Poland and the capital of the Podlaskie Voivodeship. It is the List of cities and towns in Poland, tenth-largest city in Poland, second in terms of population density, and thirteenth in area. Biał ...
. Płochocińska Street is also an important transport route as a fragment of the 633 voivodeship road to Nieporęt. There are also plans of creating whole-city-long routes including Białołęka's routes: * Maria Skłodowska-Curie Bridge route *Vistula route *Olszynka Grochowska route *extension of Marywilska Street to the borders of Warsaw A railroad to Działdowo goes through the district. There are three stops on the railroad, on which Koleje Mazowieckie passenger trains, going from Warszawa Gdańska and Warszawa Wola (now Warszawa Zachodnia's eighth platform) stations, going to Legionowo, Nasielsk, Ciechanów and Działdowo, stop. In 2013, the first stage of a tram line extension brought the Warsaw tram network to Białołęka with line 2 connecting the area to the Młociny metro station across the Maria Skłodowska-Curie Bridge.


Borders

Białołęka borders: * Targówek to the south along the Toruńska Route * Bielany and Łomianki to the west across the
Vistula The Vistula (; ) is the longest river in Poland and the ninth-longest in Europe, at in length. Its drainage basin, extending into three other countries apart from Poland, covers , of which is in Poland. The Vistula rises at Barania Góra i ...
* Jabłonna and Nieporęt to the north * Marki to the east


Notable people

* Piotr Szulczewski (born 1981), entrepreneur and founder and CEO of e-commerce site Wish.


See also

* Żerań


References


External links


Website of the Office of Białołęka District
{{DEFAULTSORT:Bialoleka 2002 establishments in Poland Populated places established in 2002 States and territories established in 2002