Berwick, Victoria
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Berwick () is a suburb in
Melbourne Melbourne ( , ; Boonwurrung language, Boonwurrung/ or ) is the List of Australian capital cities, capital and List of cities in Australia by population, most populous city of the States and territories of Australia, Australian state of Victori ...
, Victoria,
Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...
, south-east of Melbourne's
central business district A central business district (CBD) is the Commerce, commercial and business center of a city. It contains commercial space and offices, and in larger cities will often be described as a financial district. Geographically, it often coincides wit ...
, located within the City of Casey
local government area A local government area (LGA) is an administrative division of a country that a local government is responsible for. The size of an LGA varies by country but it is generally a subdivision of a federated state, state, province, division (politica ...
. Berwick recorded a population of 50,298 at the 2021 census. It was named by an early leaseholder, Robert Gardiner, after his birthplace, Berwick-on-Tweed close to the Scottish English border in
Northumberland Northumberland ( ) is a ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county in North East England, on the Anglo-Scottish border, border with Scotland. It is bordered by the North Sea to the east, Tyne and Wear and County Durham to the south, Cumb ...
. The south of the river Tweed is called Tweedmouth where Berwick lies to the north of the river Tweed with the Scottish border around 4km north of the town.


History

The town of Berwick was originally part of the Cardinia Creek run. Subdivision started in 1854 and a store, post office, hotel and other businesses were established. Wheat, barley and potatoes were grown, with a flour mill operating for several years. Dairy farming and cheese making later became the main activities. The Berwick Agricultural Society, originally started in 1848 as the Mornington Farmers' Society, is one of the oldest farmers' societies in Victoria. The area grew with the construction of a coach road between Melbourne and the Gippsland region, and the Post Office opening on 18 September 1858. A quarry opened in 1859 to supply ballast for the railway line along the same route, which opened in 1877, and a spur line was constructed to Berwick railway station to transport the metal. The site of the quarry is now occupied by Wilson Botanic Park. From 1861 until 1902, Berwick was also the headquarters of the Shire of Berwick, originally formed as the Berwick Roads Board. Poplar trees lining the High Street and on into
Beaconsfield Beaconsfield ( ) is a market town and Civil parishes in England, civil parish in Buckinghamshire, England, northwest of central London and southeast of Aylesbury. Three other towns are within : Gerrards Cross, Amersham and High Wycombe. The ...
were planted as an Avenue of Honour to commemorate the fallen in the
First World War World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...
. Originally name plaques were supposed to have been mounted at the foot of each tree but this was never carried out, despite the plaques being produced. Late in the 20th century Melbourne sprawled eastward to Berwick. The surrounding rural land was subdivided becoming a popular destination for first home buyers with the population exploding with new housing developments from the 1990s to the 2000s. Some of the character of the original township has remained.


Demographics

In the 2016 Census, there were 47,674 people in Berwick. 65.4% of people were born in Australia. The next most common countries of birth were England 4.6%, India 3.5%, Sri Lanka 3.1%, China 2.0% and New Zealand 1.8%. 73.3% of people only spoke English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Mandarin 3.0%, Sinhalese 2.8%, Hindi 1.0%, Italian 0.9% and Arabic 0.9%. The most common responses for religion were No Religion 29.3%, Catholic 25.8% and Anglican 10.6%. Berwick's census populations have been 60 (1861), 636 (1891), 887 (1954), 25,461, (2001), 36,420 (2006), 44,779 (2011) and 47,674 (2016).


Education

The town's first school, Berwick Primary, was originally established in an old shepherd's hut near the old Berwick hospital in 1857. It was the first school in the south eastern area and school number 40 in Victoria. School buildings were later built on a parcel of land abutting Lyall Rd, between Peel Street and Brisbane Street. The school operated from this site until 2003 when a new school was built in Fairholme Boulevard. Subsequently, the Peel Street site was redeveloped as Pioneer Park, a community open space. The original school buildings were retained during the redevelopment and now operate as a restaurant. Berwick Primary is the only school in Berwick that is using the
International Baccalaureate The International Baccalaureate Organization (IBO), more commonly known as the International Baccalaureate (IB), is a nonprofit foundation headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, and founded in 1968. It offers four educational programmes: the I ...
Curriculum. As well as the State School, a Boys' Grammar School operated from 1882 to 1922. St Margaret's Girls' School (originally called Berwick Presbyterian Girls' School) opened in 1920 with Junior boys being admitted during the 1960s. It ceased providing boarding placement in 1978, being one of the first of the St Margaret's Schools in the world to change. Berwick Secondary College and Kambrya College, public high schools, and the Berwick campuses of Beaconhills College and St. Francis Xavier College are located in the suburb of Berwick, Victoria. Timbarra P-9 College is located on Parkhill Dr in the Timbarra estate of Berwick. Victoria's first academically selective co-educational secondary school, Nossal High School, opened in 2010, and is located on the Federation University campus. Berwick is also home to the third campus of Haileybury, Melbourne, Victoria, with the campus having been simply named 'Edrington'. Berwick Lodge Primary School also opened up in 1990, in the suburb. Berwick Fields Primary School opened in 2006 and has an estimated total of 925 students in May 2019, and around March 2012, the total exceeded 1,000 students. Brentwood Park Primary school is located on Bermersyde Drive, adjacent to Kambrya College. Chisholm Institute provides TAFE courses and degrees for domestic and international students, with a Technical Education Centre opening in 2009. Chisholm Berwick also run the Casey Tech School, a shared learning facility that delivers programs to secondary schools in the region. In 2017, Federation University moved into the former
Monash University Monash University () is a public university, public research university based in Melbourne, Victoria (state), Victoria, Australia. Named after World War I general Sir John Monash, it was founded in 1958 and is the second oldest university in the ...
and is located at 100 Clyde Rd, Berwick on the former Casey Airfields. The university offers on campus accommodation and other facilities to students, such as a library and cafe. The main areas of study at the Berwick campus are nursing and allied health, IT, education and business.


Facilities


Retail

In Berwick are three major local shopping precincts, Berwick Village, Eden Rise Village and Parkhill Plaza. Alongside these are several smaller precincts, Berwick Square Clock Tower Mews and Alira Village. There are also a number of speciality shops on the opposite corner to Eden Rise where you will find the Berwick Springs Hotel, Capital Radiology and many other speciality stores running as far along Clyde Road from Greaves Road as far as Homestead Road. Centred on Old Princes Highway, Victoria High Street is Berwick Village, which contains many small shops and businesses, as well as two shopping centres, Berwick Marketplace, which opened on 8 November 1998 with a Woolworths Supermarkets (Safeway) (now Woolworths) supermarket and a number of specialty stores and Berwick Southside, which was opened on 21 November 1994 and redeveloped during the mid-2010s, now a standalone Coles Supermarkets supermarket. Eden Rise Village is on the corner of Clyde and O'Shea Roads and includes a Coles supermarket, Aldi supermarket,
Nando's Nando's (; ) is a South Africa, South African multinational fast casual restaurant chain that specialises in Portuguese flame-grilled, peri-peri style Chicken as food, chicken. Founded in Johannesburg in 1987, Nando's operates over 1,200 outl ...
, two bottle shops, a SpecSavers and many other specialty shops. Parkhill Plaza is situated on the corner of Parkhill Drive and Ernst Wanke Road and contains a Coles supermarket and other specialty stores. Clock Tower Mews is located on Bemersyde Drive, adjacent to Kambrya College. A Foodworks supermarket was previously present in the precinct, but has since been replaced by a locally owned store known as Foodmart. Alira Village is the "town centre" of the new Alira housing estate, on the corner of Homestead and Centre Roads. The precinct includes an IGA supermarket.


Medical

Berwick currently has 2 hospitals, Casey Public Hospital which is in the process of being extended and a Multi Storey Public parking being built to the west of the hospital. With a second St. John of God Berwick Private Hospital, opposite Casey Hospital on Kangan Drive. There is also a St. John of God mental rehabilitation centre on Gloucester Avenue. There are other clinics in the suburb making it mostly self sufficient for all medical needs of the residents.


Transport

Berwick has a
railway station Rail transport (also known as train transport) is a means of transport using wheeled vehicles running in railway track, tracks, which usually consist of two parallel steel railway track, rails. Rail transport is one of the two primary means of ...
and new bus terminus situated immediately to the south of the station. There is also a multi-storey car park for commuters, as much of the old car park was taken to build the new bus interchange. The old bus terminus is now car parking at the north of the station. Berwick railway station is a zone 2 station, that receives regular electrified metro services connecting the suburb to the Pakenham line's terminus — East Pakenham, and the greater metro network via Caulfield, South Yarra, Richmond, and the City Loop. There is one up (set down only) and one down (pick up only) service provided by
V/Line V/Line is a statutory authority that operates Regional rail, regional passenger rail and Intercity bus service, coach services in the Australian state of Victoria (state), Victoria. It provides passenger train services on five Commuter rail, ...
directly connecting the suburb to the inner Gippsland terminus of
Traralgon Traralgon ( , ) is a city located in the east of the Latrobe Valley in the Gippsland region of Victoria (Australia), Victoria, Australia and the most populous city in the City of Latrobe and the region. The urban population of Traralgon at the ...
. Due to a restricted bus infrastructure, Berwick is a fairly car-dependant suburb, with 77.7% of people using a car to travel to work, compared to the Victorian average of 68.3%. The Princes Freeway, carrying traffic between
Geelong Geelong ( ) (Wathawurrung language, Wathawurrung: ''Djilang''/''Djalang'') is a port city in Victoria, Australia, located at the eastern end of Corio Bay (the smaller western portion of Port Phillip Bay) and the left bank of Barwon River (Victo ...
,
Melbourne Melbourne ( , ; Boonwurrung language, Boonwurrung/ or ) is the List of Australian capital cities, capital and List of cities in Australia by population, most populous city of the States and territories of Australia, Australian state of Victori ...
and Gippsland, runs through Berwick with exits at O'Shea Road, Clyde Road and Princes Highway, where the eastern section of the Princes Freeway becomes the Monash Freeway. Work began in late 2020 to remove the level crossing on Clyde Road. This work was completed and Clyde Road was re-opened to the public with the new underpass on 21/02/2021. Unfortunately Berwick still has major road disruptions due to work from Kangan Drive through to the Monash Freeway interchange.


Sport

The town has an Australian Rules football team competing in the Mornington Peninsula Nepean Football League and an Association football team called Berwick City Football Club. The town also has a successful cricket club known as the "Wickers" and later changed to the Berwick Bears that compete in the DDCA competition and a tennis club that competes in the Berwick & District Tennis Association. There is the Montuna Golf Club at Guys Hill approximately 5 km from Berwick Village. There is also Little Athletics at Edwin Flack Reserve. Berwick Badminton is open to the public for those who are interested in the sport. The Berwick Leisure Centre is a space inside of the Berwick Secondary College grounds, at which there are gymnastics running, as well as a trampolining program. Often, there are other activities, such as karate. The Hallam Cobras Softball Club Inc have club rooms at Sweeney Reserve, Melzak Way, Berwick


Media

Berwick is in the coverage range of all the commercial radio stations in Melbourne, yet is also locally serviced by 94.3 Star FM, whose studios are situated in Warragul.


Notable residents

The Berwick Mechanics' Institute and Free Library was built in 1862 at the corner of Peel and Edward Streets. In return for a nominal rent Robert Bain agreed, in 1878, to lease a block of his land to the library for 500 years, so long as a library remained on the property for that period. In 1880 it was moved to its present site in the main street and extended the following year. Berwick was also the home of Edwin "Teddy" Flack, Australia's first Olympian and Olympic gold medal winner ( and ) at the inaugural Athens Olympic Games. He was laid to rest in Berwick Cemetery, and is commemorated by a statue in the main street. The ''Edwin Flack Reserve'' includes several sporting grounds, such as the Edwin Flack Oval, Edwin Flack Athletics Track and Edwin Flack Netball Courts, all named in his honour. They are located alongside Berwick Secondary College. Richard Casey, later Baron Casey of Berwick and Governor-General of Australia was a resident of Berwick. His home of Edrington has now been converted to an aged care facility. Scott McDonald, Australian International football (soccer) player, striker for Celtic FC in Scotland and top scorer in the
Scottish Premier League The Scottish Premier League (SPL) was the Scottish football league system, top-level league competition for professional Association football, football clubs in Scotland. The league was founded in 1998, when it broke away from the Scottish Foo ...
in the 2007–08 season grew up in Berwick. Former AFL games record holder Michael Tuck and former Hawthorn defender Mark Graham hail from Berwick as does 2009 number one draft pick Tom Scully and
Brisbane Lions The Brisbane Lions are a professional Australian rules football in Australia, Australian rules football club based in Brisbane, Queensland, that compete in the Australian Football League (AFL), the sport's elite competition. Brisbane are the ...
ruckman Stefan Martin and Defender and Coach, Justin Leppitsch (2014-2016), Assistant Coach to Richmond (2016-Present).


See also

* City of Berwick – Berwick was previously within this former local government area.


References

;Books *Beaumont, N.E. "Early days of Berwick and its surrounding districts of Beaconsfield, Upper Beaconsfield, Harkaway, Narre Warren and Narre Warren North". 3rd ed. 1979. *Berwick-Pakenham Historical Society. "In the wake of the pack tracks: a history of the Shire of Berwick, now the City of Berwick and the Shire of Pakenham". 1982. *Wells, J.C. "Berwick: some aspects". 1980. {{Authority control Suburbs of Melbourne Suburbs of the City of Casey 1854 establishments in Australia