''Beilschmiedia'' is a genus of
tree
In botany, a tree is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, usually supporting branches and leaves. In some usages, the definition of a tree may be narrower, e.g., including only woody plants with secondary growth, only ...
s and
shrub
A shrub or bush is a small to medium-sized perennial woody plant. Unlike herbaceous plants, shrubs have persistent woody stems above the ground. Shrubs can be either deciduous or evergreen. They are distinguished from trees by their multiple ...
s in family
Lauraceae
Lauraceae, or the laurels, is a plant Family (biology), family that includes the bay laurel, true laurel and its closest relatives. This family comprises about 2850 known species in about 45 genus (biology), genera worldwide. They are dicotyled ...
. Most of its species grow in
tropical climate
Tropical climate is the first of the five major climate groups in the Köppen climate classification identified with the letter A. Tropical climates are defined by a monthly average temperature of or higher in the coolest month, featuring hot te ...
s, but a few of them are native to
temperate
In geography, the temperate climates of Earth occur in the middle latitudes (approximately 23.5° to 66.5° N/S of the Equator), which span between the tropics and the polar regions of Earth. These zones generally have wider temperature ran ...
regions, and they are widespread in tropical
Asia
Asia ( , ) is the largest continent in the world by both land area and population. It covers an area of more than 44 million square kilometres, about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8% of Earth's total surface area. The continent, which ...
,
Africa
Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent after Asia. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 20% of Earth's land area and 6% of its total surfac ...
,
Madagascar
Madagascar, officially the Republic of Madagascar, is an island country that includes the island of Madagascar and numerous smaller peripheral islands. Lying off the southeastern coast of Africa, it is the world's List of islands by area, f ...
,
Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...
,
New Zealand
New Zealand () is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It consists of two main landmasses—the North Island () and the South Island ()—and List of islands of New Zealand, over 600 smaller islands. It is the List of isla ...
,
North America
North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere, Northern and Western Hemisphere, Western hemispheres. North America is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South Ameri ...
,
Central America
Central America is a subregion of North America. Its political boundaries are defined as bordering Mexico to the north, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean to the east, and the Pacific Ocean to the southwest. Central America is usually ...
, the
Caribbean
The Caribbean ( , ; ; ; ) is a region in the middle of the Americas centered around the Caribbean Sea in the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic Ocean, mostly overlapping with the West Indies. Bordered by North America to the north, Central America ...
, and
South America
South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a considerably smaller portion in the Northern Hemisphere. It can also be described as the southern Subregion#Americas, subregion o ...
.
The best-known species to gardeners in temperate areas are ''
B. berteroana'' and ''
B. miersii'' because of their frost tolerance. Seeds of ''B. bancroftii'' were used as a source of food by
Australian Aborigines
Aboriginal Australians are the various indigenous peoples of the Australian mainland and many of its islands, excluding the ethnically distinct people of the Torres Strait Islands.
Humans first migrated to Australia 50,000 to 65,000 years ...
. Timbers of some species are very valuable.
Overview

''Beilschmiedia'' is a genus of about 260 to 270 species
[ of trees or shrubs,] with about 80 species in tropical Africa and Madagascar. They are commonly canopy trees, growing at elevations from near sea level to 2200 m. The trees grow in well-developed rainforests, and in warm or temperate forests on poorer sedimentary soils. Most species grow in tropical climate
Tropical climate is the first of the five major climate groups in the Köppen climate classification identified with the letter A. Tropical climates are defined by a monthly average temperature of or higher in the coolest month, featuring hot te ...
s, but a few of them are native to temperate
In geography, the temperate climates of Earth occur in the middle latitudes (approximately 23.5° to 66.5° N/S of the Equator), which span between the tropics and the polar regions of Earth. These zones generally have wider temperature ran ...
regions. They are widespread in tropical Africa
Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent after Asia. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 20% of Earth's land area and 6% of its total surfac ...
, Asia
Asia ( , ) is the largest continent in the world by both land area and population. It covers an area of more than 44 million square kilometres, about 30% of Earth's total land area and 8% of Earth's total surface area. The continent, which ...
, Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia is the geographical United Nations geoscheme for Asia#South-eastern Asia, southeastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of China, east of the Indian subcontinent, and northwest of the Mainland Au ...
, Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...
, New Zealand
New Zealand () is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It consists of two main landmasses—the North Island () and the South Island ()—and List of islands of New Zealand, over 600 smaller islands. It is the List of isla ...
, Central America
Central America is a subregion of North America. Its political boundaries are defined as bordering Mexico to the north, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean to the east, and the Pacific Ocean to the southwest. Central America is usually ...
, the Caribbean
The Caribbean ( , ; ; ; ) is a region in the middle of the Americas centered around the Caribbean Sea in the Atlantic Ocean, North Atlantic Ocean, mostly overlapping with the West Indies. Bordered by North America to the north, Central America ...
, and South America
South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a considerably smaller portion in the Northern Hemisphere. It can also be described as the southern Subregion#Americas, subregion o ...
. The timber of some species is very valuable.
Ecology
''Beilschmiedia'' falls within the Lauraceae
Lauraceae, or the laurels, is a plant Family (biology), family that includes the bay laurel, true laurel and its closest relatives. This family comprises about 2850 known species in about 45 genus (biology), genera worldwide. They are dicotyled ...
, a family of aromatic evergreen
In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has Leaf, foliage that remains green and functional throughout the year. This contrasts with deciduous plants, which lose their foliage completely during the winter or dry season. Consisting of many diffe ...
trees or shrubs. Many botanical species are similar in foliage to the Lauraceae due to convergent evolution. Those plants are adapted to high rainfall and humidity. The patterns of speciation in the Lauraceae
Lauraceae, or the laurels, is a plant Family (biology), family that includes the bay laurel, true laurel and its closest relatives. This family comprises about 2850 known species in about 45 genus (biology), genera worldwide. They are dicotyled ...
indicate, since the onset of aridification on the continents 15 million years ago (Mya), rainforest species diversified. One of the products of aridification is the isolation of populations and this likely caused the increase in the rate of speciation as found in the Lauraceae. This genus has species adapted to the laurel forest
Laurel forest, also called laurisilva or laurissilva, is a type of subtropical forest found in areas with high humidity and relatively stable, mild temperatures. The forest is characterized by broadleaf tree species with evergreen, glossy and el ...
habitat, so common in the Lauraceae and species adapted to a more Mediterranean-type climate with a dry season with lower rainfall. The morphology of sclerophyllous species is divergent from other humid tropical climate species of the genus. The greatest diversity of species and a greater presence of the genus is given in cloud forest
A cloud forest, also called a water forest, primas forest, or tropical montane cloud forest, is a generally tropical or subtropical, evergreen, Montane forest, montane, Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, moist forest characteri ...
and tropical rainforest in Asia and Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia is the geographical United Nations geoscheme for Asia#South-eastern Asia, southeastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of China, east of the Indian subcontinent, and northwest of the Mainland Au ...
. In Madagascar
Madagascar, officially the Republic of Madagascar, is an island country that includes the island of Madagascar and numerous smaller peripheral islands. Lying off the southeastern coast of Africa, it is the world's List of islands by area, f ...
, the genus ''Beilschmiedia'' is particularly important in the island flora, and their species were isolated when the island was separated from the African continent.
The genus ''Beilschmiedia'' is present in a greater climatic distribution area than other genera of Lauraceae, ''Beilschmiedia'' species grow well in moist, well-drained ground, and tolerate a variety of soil types, and attain a maximum in tropical and wetter areas of distribution, but their pattern of speciation results in some cases from the product of aridification of the habitat. Some ''Beilschmiedia'' species are adapted to drier conditions than the typical Lauraceae. Some endangered relict
A relict is a surviving remnant of a natural phenomenon.
Biology
A relict (or relic) is an organism that at an earlier time was abundant in a large area but now occurs at only one or a few small areas.
Geology and geomorphology
In geology, a r ...
species are living in temperate areas and are distributed in Mediterranean
The Mediterranean Sea ( ) is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the east by the Levant in West Asia, on the north by Anatolia in West Asia and Southern ...
climate, and tropical and subtropical lowland forests and montane rainforest.
Shade-loving ''B. mannii'' grows in riverine and swamp forest, or in evergreen primary and secondary forest. ''B. gaboonensis'', ''B. lebrunii'', and ''B. nitida'' are included in subgenus ''Hufelandia'' of ''Beilschmiedia''. ''B. variabilis'' and ''B. zenkeri'' are included in section ''Acrothecon''.
'' Beilschmiedia gaboonensis'' is a medium-sized tree up to 30 m tall with a bole diameter up to 60 cm. It is distributed from Nigeria to DR Congo and occurs in wet and marshy locations in lowland rainforest. ''B. lebrunii'' is a rare tree up to 15 m tall with a bole diameter up to 30 cm, occurring in DR Congo in forest at 1450–1700 m elevation. ''B. nitida'' is a shrub or small tree up to 8 m tall, distributed in Cameroon and Congo.
''Beilschmiedia variabilis'' is a shrub or small tree up to 10 m tall with a bole diameter up to 25 cm, occurring rather commonly in Congo in the understorey of forest in swampy, periodically inundated or drier locations. ''B. zenkeri'' is a shrub or small tree up to 15 m tall, occurring in Cameroon and Congo in swampy and periodically inundated forest.
The genus ''Beilschmiedia'' responded to favourable climatic periods and expanded across the available habitat, adapting also to more extreme conditions, but depending on favorable soil edaphic conditions. ''Beilschmiedia'' species need an annual oscillation of the temperature moderated by the proximity of the ocean and many species resist bad cold and frost.
A related vegetal community evolved millions of years ago on the supercontinent of Gondwana
Gondwana ( ; ) was a large landmass, sometimes referred to as a supercontinent. The remnants of Gondwana make up around two-thirds of today's continental area, including South America, Africa, Antarctica, Australia (continent), Australia, Zea ...
, and species of this community are now found on several separate areas of the Southern Hemisphere, including South America
South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a considerably smaller portion in the Northern Hemisphere. It can also be described as the southern Subregion#Americas, subregion o ...
, Africa
Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent after Asia. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 20% of Earth's land area and 6% of its total surfac ...
, New Zealand
New Zealand () is an island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It consists of two main landmasses—the North Island () and the South Island ()—and List of islands of New Zealand, over 600 smaller islands. It is the List of isla ...
, Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...
, and New Caledonia
New Caledonia ( ; ) is a group of islands in the southwest Pacific Ocean, southwest of Vanuatu and east of Australia. Located from Metropolitan France, it forms a Overseas France#Sui generis collectivity, ''sui generis'' collectivity of t ...
. Lauroid-leaved plant communities are found from humid montane tropical to cool temperate Southern Hemisphere climates, and important elements of what is known as the Antarctic flora
Antarctic flora are a distinct community of vascular plants which evolved millions of years ago on the supercontinent of Gondwana. In 2025, species of Antarctica flora reside on several now separated areas of the Southern Hemisphere, including ...
.
The genus ''Beilschmiedia'' is present in Mexico
Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin America, and borders the United States to the north, and Guatemala and Belize to the southeast; while having maritime boundar ...
, Venezuela
Venezuela, officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many Federal Dependencies of Venezuela, islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea. It com ...
, and southern Chile
Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in western South America. It is the southernmost country in the world and the closest to Antarctica, stretching along a narrow strip of land between the Andes, Andes Mountains and the Paci ...
and Argentina
Argentina, officially the Argentine Republic, is a country in the southern half of South America. It covers an area of , making it the List of South American countries by area, second-largest country in South America after Brazil, the fourt ...
from the Pacific Ocean to the Andes
The Andes ( ), Andes Mountains or Andean Mountain Range (; ) are the List of longest mountain chains on Earth, longest continental mountain range in the world, forming a continuous highland along the western edge of South America. The range ...
between 38° and 45° S latitude, where rainfall is abundant, from 1500 to 2500 mm according to locality and distributed throughout the year, but with some subhumid Mediterranean climate
A Mediterranean climate ( ), also called a dry summer climate, described by Köppen and Trewartha as ''Cs'', is a temperate climate type that occurs in the lower mid-latitudes (normally 30 to 44 north and south latitude). Such climates typic ...
influence for three to four months in summer, and where temperatures are mild, with no month falling below 5 °C, and the warmest month below 22 °C.
Laurophyll trees appear in the highlands of New Guinea
New Guinea (; Hiri Motu: ''Niu Gini''; , fossilized , also known as Papua or historically ) is the List of islands by area, world's second-largest island, with an area of . Located in Melanesia in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, the island is ...
and New Britain
New Britain () is the largest island in the Bismarck Archipelago, part of the Islands Region of Papua New Guinea. It is separated from New Guinea by a northwest corner of the Solomon Sea (or with an island hop of Umboi Island, Umboi the Dampie ...
, the Cape York Peninsula
The Cape York Peninsula is a peninsula located in Far North Queensland, Australia. It is the largest wilderness in northern Australia.Mittermeier, R.E. et al. (2002). Wilderness: Earth's last wild places. Mexico City: Agrupación Sierra Madre, ...
and the coastal mountains of Queensland and New South Wales in Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising mainland Australia, the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and list of islands of Australia, numerous smaller isl ...
, as well as New Caledonia
New Caledonia ( ; ) is a group of islands in the southwest Pacific Ocean, southwest of Vanuatu and east of Australia. Located from Metropolitan France, it forms a Overseas France#Sui generis collectivity, ''sui generis'' collectivity of t ...
, Tasmania
Tasmania (; palawa kani: ''Lutruwita'') is an island States and territories of Australia, state of Australia. It is located to the south of the Mainland Australia, Australian mainland, and is separated from it by the Bass Strait. The sta ...
, and New Zealand. These laurel forests are home to plants of the Antarctic flora related to those in the Valdivian laurel forests of southern Chile, including species of the laurel family and southern beech (''Nothofagus''). Australia, New Guinea, New Zealand, and New Caledonia were parts of the ancient supercontinent
In geology, a supercontinent is the assembly of most or all of Earth's continent, continental blocks or cratons to form a single large landmass. However, some geologists use a different definition, "a grouping of formerly dispersed continents", ...
Gondwana
Gondwana ( ; ) was a large landmass, sometimes referred to as a supercontinent. The remnants of Gondwana make up around two-thirds of today's continental area, including South America, Africa, Antarctica, Australia (continent), Australia, Zea ...
, and have drifted north over millions of years with the Indo-Australian tectonic plate.
Description
Frequently, their bark is pale to dark brown, smooth or coarse, and they have fine, reddish-brown hairs densely covering the branchlets, and the young leaves are reddish. The dark green leaves are alternate and leathery. Sometimes broad, others small and narrow, the leaves have distinctive depressed veins. The flowers are greenish to cream to yellow-green, and pedicellate of 4–6 mm. The flowers often are clothed in dense reddish-brown hairs. The flowers are hermaphroditic and arranged in inflorescences. The inflorescence is an erect panicle arising from the leaf axil. The stamens are in two whorls; the ovary is in a superior position.
The fruit is variable from one species to other' in some species it is a drupe, large and globose green, 12 cm in diameter with a tip at the apex. In other species, the fruit is an erect, plum-like, dark purple or sometimes elliptical to ovoid drupe, dark purple when ripe, and covered in a waxy bloom. In others, the fruit is a black, round drupe with a glaucous bloom, with a single seed inside. Seed dispersal for many ''Beilschmiedia'' species is by birds that swallow them, so they are shaped to attract the birds. The one-seeded fruits are an important food source for birds, including being a favorite food of the native pigeons in New Zealand.
Species
The type species is '' Beilschmiedia roxburghiana'', which ranges from the Himalayas to southern China, Indo-China
Mainland Southeast Asia (historically known as Indochina and the Indochinese Peninsula) is the continental portion of Southeast Asia. It lies east of the Indian subcontinent and south of Mainland China and is bordered by the Indian Ocean to th ...
and Peninsular Malaysia
Peninsular Malaysia, historically known as Malaya and also known as West Malaysia or the Malaysian Peninsula, is the western part of Malaysia that comprises the southern part of the Malay Peninsula on Mainland Southeast Asia and the list of isla ...
. Three ''Beilschmiedia'' species are endemic to New Zealand. taraire (''Beilschmiedia tarairi'') is a common canopy tree in the lowland forests of the North Island
The North Island ( , 'the fish of Māui', historically New Ulster) is one of the two main islands of New Zealand, islands of New Zealand, separated from the larger but less populous South Island by Cook Strait. With an area of , it is the List ...
. The others are the common canopy tree tawa, (''B. tawa''), which has thin, willow-like leaves, and the tawaroa (''B. tawaroa''), which is similar to tawa but has broader leaves. The New Zealand pigeon is the only species which can disperse the large seeds of the taraire, which pass through its gut unharmed.
'' Beilschmiedia miersii'' and '' Beilschmiedia berteroana'' are endangered sclerophyllous trees endemic to central Chile. The northern belloto (''B. miersii'') grows in coastal forest, while the southern belloto (''B. berteroana'') grows in submontane Andean zone of the central Chile's temperate deciduous forest region. Both forest associations are currently represented in the Chilean government's system of wild protected areas.
Accepted species
268 species are currently accepted:[
* '' Beilschmiedia aborensis'' – Assam
* '' Beilschmiedia acuta'' – Cameroon
* '' Beilschmiedia acutifolia'' – New Guinea
* '' Beilschmiedia alata'' – Gabon and Democratic Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia alloiophylla'' – Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela
* '' Beilschmiedia ambigua'' – southern Democratic Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia anacardioides'' – Chad, Cameroon, Gabon, and Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia anay'' – central Mexico to Guatemala
* '' Beilschmiedia andamanensis'' – Andaman Islands
* '' Beilschmiedia angustielliptica'' – Mexico (Guerrero)
* '' Beilschmiedia angustifolia'' – Brazil (Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro)
* '' Beilschmiedia appendiculata'' – Hainan
* '' Beilschmiedia argentata'' – Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, and southern Vietnam
* '' Beilschmiedia assamica'' – Assam, Bangladesh, and Myanmar
* '' Beilschmiedia atra'' – Peninsular Malaysia
* '' Beilschmiedia auriculata'' – Democratic Republic of the Congo and Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia balansae'' – northern Vietnam
* '' Beilschmiedia bancroftii'' yellow walnut, wanga – northeastern Queensland
* '' Beilschmiedia bangkae'' – Sumatra
* '' Beilschmiedia baotingensis'' – Hainan
* '' Beilschmiedia barensis'' – Cameroon
* '' Beilschmiedia batangensis'' – Cameroon
* '' Beilschmiedia berteroana'' southern belloto – central Chile
* '' Beilschmiedia bhutanica'' – Bhutan
* '' Beilschmiedia bidoupensis'' – Vietnam
* '' Beilschmiedia bolavenensis'' – Laos
* '' Beilschmiedia brachystachys'' – northeastern and eastern Borneo
* '' Beilschmiedia brachythyrsa'' – China (southern Yunnan)
* '' Beilschmiedia bracteata'' – Democratic Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia brandisii'' – Eastern Himalayas, Assam, and Bangladesh
* '' Beilschmiedia brasiliensis'' – Southeastern Colombia, Peru, and Brazilian Amazon
* '' Beilschmiedia brevifolia'' – Hainan
* '' Beilschmiedia brevipaniculata'' – China (Guangxi, Guangdong, and Hainan)
* '' Beilschmiedia brunnea'' – northeastern Queensland
* '' Beilschmiedia calcitranthera'' – Gabon
* '' Beilschmiedia castrisinensis'' – northeastern Queensland
* '' Beilschmiedia caudata'' – Liberia
* '' Beilschmiedia chevalieri'' – Liberia and Côte d'Ivoire
* '' Beilschmiedia cinnamomea'' – Cameroon, Gabon, and Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia clarkei'' – Nepal, eastern Himalayas, Myanmar, Thailand, and Laos
* '' Beilschmiedia collina'' – northeastern Queensland
* '' Beilschmiedia congestiflora'' – Cameroon
* '' Beilschmiedia congolana'' – Cameroon, Gabon, Central African Republic, and Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia corbisieri'' – Cameroon, Gabon, and Democratic Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia costaricensis'' – Costa Rica to northern Venezuela and northern Peru
* '' Beilschmiedia crassa'' – Borneo (Sarawak)
* '' Beilschmiedia crassifolia'' – Cameroon
* '' Beilschmiedia crassipes'' – Cameroon
* '' Beilschmiedia cryptocaryoides'' – Madagascar (Androrona Massif)
* '' Beilschmiedia curviramea'' – Venezuela and northern Guyana
* '' Beilschmiedia cuspidata'' – Cameroon and Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia cylindrica'' – China (southeastern Yunnan)
* '' Beilschmiedia dalzellii'' – western India to the eastern Himalayas and Assam
* '' Beilschmiedia danhkyi'' – Vietnam
* '' Beilschmiedia delicata'' – China (eastern Yunnan to southwestern Guizhou and Guangdong)
* '' Beilschmiedia descoingsii'' – Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia dictyoneura'' – Borneo, Sumatra, and Peninsular Malaysia
* '' Beilschmiedia dielsiana'' – northeastern New Guinea
* '' Beilschmiedia dilmyana'' – Aru Islands
* '' Beilschmiedia dinklagei'' – Cameroon and Gabon
* '' Beilschmiedia diversiflora'' – Cameroon and Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia donisii'' – northwestern Democratic Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia elata'' – Sierra Leone
* '' Beilschmiedia elegantissima'' – Myanmar and Thailand
* '' Beilschmiedia elliptica'' – southeastern Queensland and northeastern New South Wales
* '' Beilschmiedia emarginata'' – southern and southeastern Brazil
* '' Beilschmiedia erythrophloia'' – Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, and Vietnam
* '' Beilschmiedia fasciata'' – China (southeastern Yunnan)
* '' Beilschmiedia fluminensis'' – southeastern Brazil
* '' Beilschmiedia foliosa'' – southern Nigeria
* '' Beilschmiedia fordii'' – southern China and Vietnam
* '' Beilschmiedia frondosa'' – Vietnam
* '' Beilschmiedia fruticosa'' – Cameroon and Gabon
* '' Beilschmiedia fulva'' – Cameroon, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, and Democratic Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia furfuracea'' – China (southwestern Guangxi and Guangdong)
* '' Beilschmiedia gaboonensis'' – southern Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, and Democratic Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia gallatlyi'' – Myanmar
* '' Beilschmiedia gemmiflora'' – Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Sulawesi, and New Guinea
* '' Beilschmiedia gigantocarpa'' – southern Sulawesi
* '' Beilschmiedia gilbertii'' – Democratic Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia giorgii'' – Democratic Republic of the Congo and Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia gitingensis'' – Philippines (Sibuyan).
* '' Beilschmiedia glabra'' – Borneo and Peninsular Malaysia
* '' Beilschmiedia glandulosa'' – China (Hong Kong)
* '' Beilschmiedia glauciphylla'' – Borneo (Sarawak)
* '' Beilschmiedia glomerata'' – Philippines
* '' Beilschmiedia grandibracteata'' – Cameroon and Gabon
* '' Beilschmiedia grandifolia'' – Cameroon, Gabon, and Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia gynotrochioides'' – Borneo (Sarawak)
* '' Beilschmiedia hartonoana'' – Borneo
* '' Beilschmiedia henghsienensis'' – China (Guangxi)
* '' Beilschmiedia hermanii'' – Democratic Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia hexanthera'' – French Guiana
* '' Beilschmiedia hondurensis'' – southern Mexico to Honduras
* '' Beilschmiedia hutchinsoniana'' – southern Nigeria and Cameroon
* '' Beilschmiedia immersinervis'' – Costa Rica
* '' Beilschmiedia insignis'' – Peninsular Malaysia
* '' Beilschmiedia insularum'' – Cameroon, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, and Democratic Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia intermedia'' – China (Guangxi and Hainan) to Vietnam
* '' Beilschmiedia jabassensis'' – Cameroon
* '' Beilschmiedia jacobii'' – India (Kerala)
* '' Beilschmiedia jacques-felixii'' – Cameroon, Gabon, and Central African Republic
* '' Beilschmiedia javanica'' – Java
* '' Beilschmiedia kinabaluensis'' – Borneo (Sabah and Sarawak)
* '' Beilschmiedia klainei'' – Cameroon, Gabon, and Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia kochummenii'' – Peninsular Malaysia
* '' Beilschmiedia kostermansiana''
* '' Beilschmiedia kunstleri'' – Laos, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, and Borneo
* '' Beilschmiedia kweichowensis'' – southern China
* '' Beilschmiedia kweo'' – eastern Tanzania
* '' Beilschmiedia laevis'' – China (Guangxi), Hainan, and Vietnam
* '' Beilschmiedia lanatella'' – northern Thailand
* '' Beilschmiedia lancifolia'' – Java
* '' Beilschmiedia lancilimba'' – Cameroon and northern Angola
* '' Beilschmiedia laotica'' – Laos and Vietnam
* '' Beilschmiedia latifolia'' – Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, and northwestern Venezuela
* '' Beilschmiedia lebrunii'' – Democratic Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia ledermannii'' – northeastern New Guinea
* '' Beilschmiedia letouzeyi'' – Cameroon and Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia linharensis'' – eastern Brazil (Southeastern Bahia and Espírito Santo)
* '' Beilschmiedia linocieroides'' – China (southern Yunnan)
* '' Beilschmiedia longipetiolata'' – Hainan and Vietnam
* '' Beilschmiedia longifolia'' – northeastern New Guinea
* '' Beilschmiedia louisii'' – Cameroon and Democratic Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia lucidula'' – eastern Nepal through eastern India, Bangladesh, Indochina, and Malesia
* '' Beilschmiedia lumutensis'' – Cambodia and Peninsular Malaysia
* '' Beilschmiedia macrocarpa'' – southern Vietnam
* '' Beilschmiedia macrophylla'' – Myanmar
* '' Beilschmiedia macropoda'' – Hainan
* '' Beilschmiedia madagascariensis'' – eastern and southeastern Madagascar
* '' Beilschmiedia madang'' – Borneo, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, and Java
* '' Beilschmiedia maingayi'' – Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo
* '' Beilschmiedia manantlanensis'' – western Mexico (Jalisco and Colima)
* '' Beilschmiedia mannii'' – western and central Africa
* '' Beilschmiedia mannioides'' – Gabon and Democratic Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia mayumbensis'' – Democratic Republic of the Congo and Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia membranacea'' – Peninsular Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia
* '' Beilschmiedia membranifolia'' – Cameroon
* '' Beilschmiedia mexicana'' – Mexico and Belize; northern Venezuela
* '' Beilschmiedia michelsonii'' – eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo and Rwanda
* '' Beilschmiedia micrantha'' – Borneo
* '' Beilschmiedia micranthopsis'' – Vietnam
* '' Beilschmiedia microcarpa'' – Borneo
* '' Beilschmiedia microphylla'' – Madagascar (Itremo Massif)
* '' Beilschmiedia miersii'' northern belloto – central Chile
* '' Beilschmiedia minutiflora'' – Cameroon, Gabon, and Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia montanoides'' – Borneo (Sabah)
* '' Beilschmiedia moratii'' – northern and south-central Madagascar
* '' Beilschmiedia morobensis'' – eastern New Guinea and Solomon Islands
* '' Beilschmiedia muricata'' – China (southern Guangxi)
* '' Beilschmiedia murutensis'' – Borneo (Sarawak)
* '' Beilschmiedia myrciifolia'' – southern Nigeria and Cameroon
* '' Beilschmiedia myrmecophila'' – New Guinea
* '' Beilschmiedia ndongensis'' – Cameroon
* '' Beilschmiedia neocaledonica'' – east-central New Caledonia
* '' Beilschmiedia neoletestui'' – Gabon
* '' Beilschmiedia ningmingensis'' – China (Guangxi)
* '' Beilschmiedia nitida'' – Cameroon and Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia novae-britanniae'' – Vietnam, New Guinea, and Bismarck Archipelago
* '' Beilschmiedia novoguineensis'' – northwestern New Guinea
* '' Beilschmiedia obconica'' – Hainan (Dongfang)
* '' Beilschmiedia oblonga'' – Borneo (West Kalimantan)
* '' Beilschmiedia oblongifolia'' – Gabon, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia obovatifoliosa'' – Vietnam
* '' Beilschmiedia obscurinervia'' – China (southern Guangxi)
* '' Beilschmiedia obtusifolia'' blush-walnut, hard bolly-gum – eastern Australia
* '' Beilschmiedia oligandra'' – northeastern Queensland (Cook)
* '' Beilschmiedia oligantha'' – Borneo
* '' Beilschmiedia olivacea'' – Democratic Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia opposita'' – central Madagascar
* '' Beilschmiedia oreophila'' – central and southeastern New Caledonia
* '' Beilschmiedia osacola'' – Costa Rica
* '' Beilschmiedia ovalioides'' – Mexico (Oaxaca and Chiapas)
* '' Beilschmiedia ovalis'' – Mexico (Oaxaca and Chiapas)
* '' Beilschmiedia ovoidea'' – China (northern Guangxi)
* '' Beilschmiedia palembanica'' – Peninsular Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, and Sumatra
* '' Beilschmiedia papyracea'' – Cameroon
* '' Beilschmiedia pauciflora'' – China (southern Yunnan)
* '' Beilschmiedia paulocordata'' – Gabon
* '' Beilschmiedia pedicellata'' – east-central Madagascar
* '' Beilschmiedia pellegrinii'' – Gabon
* '' Beilschmiedia penangiana'' (syn. '' Beilschmiedia brevipes'' ) – Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand, and Peninsular Malaysia
* '' Beilschmiedia pendula'' – Honduras to Ecuador, Venezuela, and the Caribbean Islands
* '' Beilschmiedia peninsularis'' – northern Queensland
* '' Beilschmiedia percoriacea'' – southern China, Vietnam, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Borneo, and Sumatra
* '' Beilschmiedia pergamentacea'' – southern China (Southeastern Yunnan and Guangxi), Vietnam, and Thailand
* '' Beilschmiedia phoebeopsis'' – Borneo
* '' Beilschmiedia pierreana'' – Cameroon and Gabon
* '' Beilschmiedia pilosa'' – Borneo
* '' Beilschmiedia podagrica'' – New Guinea
* '' Beilschmiedia poilanei'' – central Vietnam
* '' Beilschmiedia preussii'' – southwestern Cameroon
* '' Beilschmiedia preussioides'' – Cameroon and Gabon
* '' Beilschmiedia pubescens'' – northeastern New Guinea
* '' Beilschmiedia pullenii'' – New Guinea
* '' Beilschmiedia punctilimba'' – China (southeastern Yunnan)
* '' Beilschmiedia purpurascens'' – China (western and southern Yunnan)
* '' Beilschmiedia recurva'' – northeastern Queensland
* '' Beilschmiedia reticulata'' – Borneo (Sabah)
* '' Beilschmiedia rigida'' – eastern Brazil
* '' Beilschmiedia riparia'' – western and southern Mexico; Honduras and Nicaragua
* '' Beilschmiedia rivularis'' – Sumatra and Borneo
* '' Beilschmiedia robertsonii'' – Myanmar and Vietnam
* '' Beilschmiedia robusta'' – southern China (Yunnan, Guangxi, and southwestern Guizhou) and Vietnam
* '' Beilschmiedia robynsiana'' – Cameroon
* '' Beilschmiedia rosseliana'' – Papua New Guinea ( Louisiade Archipelago)
* '' Beilschmiedia roxburghiana'' (synonym '' Beilschmiedia pahangensis'' type species – Himalayas, eastern India, Tibet, Indochina, and Peninsular Malaysia
* '' Beilschmiedia rufohirtella'' – China (southeastern Yunnan)
* '' Beilschmiedia rufolanata'' – ]Riau Islands
The Riau Islands () is a provinces of Indonesia, province of Indonesia consisting of a group of islands located in the western part of the country. It was established in 2002 after being separated from the neighboring Riau Province. The capit ...
* '' Beilschmiedia rufoperulata'' – Sumatra
* '' Beilschmiedia rugosa'' – east-central Madagascar
* '' Beilschmiedia rwandensis'' – Burundi and Rwanda
* '' Beilschmiedia sary'' – northeastern and east-central Madagascar
* '' Beilschmiedia schmitzii'' – Democratic Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia scintillans'' – Madagascar
* '' Beilschmiedia scortechinii'' – Peninsular Malaysia (Perak and Terengganu)
* '' Beilschmiedia sericans'' – northeastern and east-central Madagascar
* '' Beilschmiedia sericea'' – northeastern New Guinea
* '' Beilschmiedia sessilifolia'' – Cameroon
* '' Beilschmiedia shangsiensis'' – southern China (Guangxi)
* '' Beilschmiedia sichourensis'' – southern China (southeastern Yunnan)
* '' Beilschmiedia sikkimensis'' – Sikkim
* '' Beilschmiedia staudtii'' – Cameroon and Gabon
* '' Beilschmiedia steyermarkii'' – Mexico (Chiapas) and Guatemala
* '' Beilschmiedia stricta'' – southeastern Brazil (Rio de Janeiro)
* '' Beilschmiedia sulcata'' – Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, northwestern Venezuela, and Costa Rica
* '' Beilschmiedia superba'' – Vietnam
* '' Beilschmiedia supraglandulosa'' – southeastern China
* '' Beilschmiedia talbotiae'' – southern Nigeria to Cameroon
* '' Beilschmiedia tarairi'' taraire – New Zealand North Island
* '' Beilschmiedia taubertiana'' – southeastern Brazil
* ''Beilschmiedia tawa
''Beilschmiedia tawa'', commonly known as the tawa, is a New Zealand broadleaf tree common in the central parts of the country. Tawa is often the dominant canopy tree species in lowland forests in the North Island and the north east of the Sou ...
'' tawa – New Zealand
* '' Beilschmiedia tawaensis'' – Sumatra and Borneo
* '' Beilschmiedia tawaroa'' tawaroa – New Zealand North Island
* '' Beilschmiedia telupidensis'' – Borneo (Sabah)
* '' Beilschmiedia thollonii'' – Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia tilaranensis'' – Costa Rica and Panama
* '' Beilschmiedia tirunelvelica'' – India (Tamil Nadu)
* '' Beilschmiedia tooram'' – northeastern Queensland
* '' Beilschmiedia tovarensis'' – Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Panama, Costa Rica, Venezuela, and Trinidad
* '' Beilschmiedia triplinervis'' – northeastern New Guinea
* '' Beilschmiedia troupinii'' – Burundi and Rwanda
* '' Beilschmiedia tsangii'' – southern China, northern Vietnam, Hainan, and Taiwan
* '' Beilschmiedia tungfangensis'' – southwestern Hainan
* '' Beilschmiedia ugandensis'' – South Sudan to Tanzania and Zambia
* '' Beilschmiedia variabilis'' – Democratic Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia velutina'' – northern and eastern Madagascar
* '' Beilschmiedia vermoesenii'' – northwestern Democratic Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia versicolor'' – Cameroon, Gabon, and Democratic Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia vestita'' – Brazil (Minas Gerais)
* '' Beilschmiedia vidalii'' – northern and Central Vietnam
* '' Beilschmiedia villosa'' – northern and northeastern Thailand
* '' Beilschmiedia vohemarensis'' – Madagascar
* '' Beilschmiedia volckii'' – northeastern Queensland
* '' Beilschmiedia wallichiana'' – Peninsular Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia
* '' Beilschmiedia wangii'' – southern China (Yunnan and Guangxi) and Vietnam
* '' Beilschmiedia weii'' – China (Guangxi)
* '' Beilschmiedia wieringae'' – northern and eastern Borneo
* '' Beilschmiedia wightii'' – southern India
* '' Beilschmiedia wilczekii'' – Cameroon
* '' Beilschmiedia xizangensis'' – southeastern Tibet
* '' Beilschmiedia yangambiensis'' – Gabon and Democratic Republic of the Congo
* '' Beilschmiedia yunnanensis'' – southern China (southern Yunnan, southern Guangxi, and Guangdong) and Vietnam
* '' Beilschmiedia zahnii'' – Cameroon
* '' Beilschmiedia zapoteoides'' – Mexico (Chiapas)
* '' Beilschmiedia zenkeri'' – central Africa
* '' Beilschmiedia zeylanica'' – Sri Lanka
References
External links
''Beilschmiedia'': information from Hebe Society New Zealand
* ttp://delta-intkey.com/wood/en/www/laubeisp.htm Commercial timbers: ''Beilschmiedia''
{{Authority control
Lauraceae genera
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot
Pantropical flora