Bayada (, ) or Khirbet al-Baiyada (, ) is an

Arab Arabs (, , ; , , ) are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in West Asia and North Africa. A significant Arab diaspora is present in various parts of the world. Arabs have been in the Fertile Crescent for thousands of years ...

village in

Israel Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in West Asia. It Borders of Israel, shares borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the north-east, Jordan to the east, Egypt to the south-west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. Isr ...

Haifa District Haifa District () is an administrative district surrounding the city of Haifa in Israel. The district is one of the seven administrative districts of Israel, and its capital is Haifa. The district land area is 864 km2 (299.3 mi2). D ...

. The village is in the

Wadi Ara Wadi Ara (, ) or Nahal 'Iron (), is a valley and its surrounding area in Israel populated mainly by Arab citizens of Israel, Arab Israelis. The area is also known as the "Triangle (Israel), Northern Triangle". Wadi Ara is located northwest of t ...

area of the

northern Triangle The Northern Triangle of Central America (NTCA) is a term used in the United States to refer collectively to the three Central American countries of Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador. The term is used with respect to the countries' economic ...

, 4 kilometers northeast of

Umm al-Fahm Umm al-Fahm ( , ''Umm al-Faḥm''; ''Um el-Faḥem'') is a city located northwest of Jenin in the Haifa District of Israel. In its population was , nearly all of whom are Palestinian citizens of Israel. The city is situated on the Umm al-Fahm ...

. Since 1996, it has been under the jurisdiction of the

Ma'ale Iron Ma'ale Iron (, ''lit.'' Iron Heights; ) is an Arab citizens of Israel, Arab Local council (Israel), local council in Israel's Haifa District and is a part of the Wadi Ara region in the Triangle (Israel), Triangle. The town consists of the five vill ...

local council. In mid-2016 the population of Bayada was 486, all of whom are

Muslims Muslims () are people who adhere to Islam, a Monotheism, monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God ...

. Bayada is the feminine form of the word white in Arabic. The village was so named because of the bright soil found in the area.

Geography

Bayada is one of the smallest villages in the region and is located on a hill overlooking

. The village is located between the

mountain ridge and the

Menashe Heights The Manasseh Hills or hill country of Manasseh, directly derived from Hebrew: Menashe Heights (), called Bilad ar-Ruha in Arabic, meaning "Land of Winds", is a geographical region in northern Israel, located on the Carmel Range, between Mount Ca ...

History

The village was originally a neighborhood of

Musheirifa Al-Musheirifa (, or ) is an Arab village in Israel's Haifa District. The village is located in the Wadi Ara area of the northern Triangle, northeast of Umm al-Fahm. Since 1996, it has been under the jurisdiction of the Ma'ale Iron local counci ...

. The vast majority of the residents are members of the Jabbarin clan (Who also live in nearby Salim and

). During the 19th and first half of the 20th century, Bayada was a small dependency of the Fahmawi Commonwealth established by Hebronite clans belonging to

. The Commonwealth consisted of a network of interspersed

communities A community is a Level of analysis, social unit (a group of people) with a shared socially-significant characteristic, such as place (geography), place, set of Norm (social), norms, culture, religion, values, Convention (norm), customs, or Ide ...

connected by ties of

kinship In anthropology, kinship is the web of social relationships that form an important part of the lives of all humans in all societies, although its exact meanings even within this discipline are often debated. Anthropologist Robin Fox says that ...

, and socially, economically and politically affiliated with Umm al Fahm. The Commonwealth dominated vast sections of Bilad al-Ruha/Ramot Menashe, Wadi 'Ara and Marj Ibn 'Amir/Jezreel Valley during that time. During the

1948 Arab–Israeli War The 1948 Arab–Israeli War, also known as the First Arab–Israeli War, followed the 1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine, civil war in Mandatory Palestine as the second and final stage of the 1948 Palestine war. The civil war becam ...

the village and the surrounding area came under

Iraq Iraq, officially the Republic of Iraq, is a country in West Asia. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to Iraq–Saudi Arabia border, the south, Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq border, the east, the Persian Gulf and ...

i control.The Politics of Partition; King Abdullah, The Zionists, and Palestine 1921-1951 Avi Shlaim Oxford University Press Revised Edition 2004 pp. 299, 312 In March 1949

Jordan Jordan, officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, is a country in the Southern Levant region of West Asia. Jordan is bordered by Syria to the north, Iraq to the east, Saudi Arabia to the south, and Israel and the occupied Palestinian ter ...

ian forces replaced the Iraqi forces in Wadi Ara. On 3 April 1949 Israel and Jordan signed an armistice agreement, in which Israel would receive the Wadi Ara area and on 20 May Israeli forces took control of the village. Bayada is one of the villages of Wadi Ara that lacked municipal status after the establishment of Israel, under the administration of ''

mukhtar A mukhtar (; ) is a village chief in the Levant: "an old institution that goes back to the time of the Ottoman rule". According to Amir S. Cheshin, Bill Hutman and Avi Melamed, the mukhtar "for centuries were the central figures". They "were ...

s'' (village headmen) who were appointed by the Interior Ministry until 1992 when the

Interior Ministry An interior ministry or ministry of the interior (also called ministry of home affairs or ministry of internal affairs) is a government department that is responsible for domestic policy, public security and law enforcement. In some states, the ...

established the Nahal Iron (i.e. Wadi Ara) Regional council . The locals' objected to the administrative arrangement, and sought independent municipal status for each village. To allay local concerns, the Interior Ministry established an investigative committee to examine other options, and in 1996, decided to split the regional council into two local councils:

, which includes Bayada, and

Basma Basma (, ) is an Israeli Arab local council in the Wadi Ara area of Haifa District. The local council was formed in 1995 through the consolidation of the villages of Barta'a West, Ein as-Sahala, and Muawiya; Basma is an acronym of the village ...

. Most of the residents work in construction and other related jobs. *In the 2008 census Bayada and

were counted together and their population was 3,100

Sports

Bayada and nearby

have a joint football team named "Bnei Musheirifa Bayada" () which participates in Liga Gimel Jezreel. The team hosts games in a football field located in Barkai.

References

External links

Welcome To Kh. al-Baiyada
*Survey of Western Palestine, Map 8
IAAWikimedia commons
{{Haifa District Arab localities in Israel Triangle (Israel) Wadi Ara

Geography

History

Sports

See also

References

External links