Bastide
[''Bâti'' is a variant. Paneling from the Bâti d'Urfé is now at the ]Metropolitan Museum of Art
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, colloquially referred to as the Met, is an Encyclopedic museum, encyclopedic art museum in New York City. By floor area, it is the List of largest museums, third-largest museum in the world and the List of larg ...
. is a local term for a
manor house
A manor house was historically the main residence of the lord of the manor. The house formed the administrative centre of a manor in the European feudal system; within its great hall were usually held the lord's manorial courts, communal mea ...
in
Provence
Provence is a geographical region and historical province of southeastern France, which stretches from the left bank of the lower Rhône to the west to the France–Italy border, Italian border to the east; it is bordered by the Mediterrane ...
, in the south of
France
France, officially the French Republic, is a country located primarily in Western Europe. Overseas France, Its overseas regions and territories include French Guiana in South America, Saint Pierre and Miquelon in the Atlantic Ocean#North Atlan ...
, located in the countryside or in a village, and originally occupied by a wealthy farmer. A bastide is larger and more elegant than the farmhouse called a ''
mas'', and is square or rectangular, with a tile roof, walls of fine
ashlar-stone sometimes covered with
stucco
Stucco or render is a construction material made of aggregates, a binder, and water. Stucco is applied wet and hardens to a very dense solid. It is used as a decorative coating for walls and ceilings, exterior walls, and as a sculptural and ...
or
whitewash
Whitewash, calcimine, kalsomine, calsomine, asbestis or lime paint is a type of paint made from slaked lime ( calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2) or chalk (calcium carbonate, CaCO3), sometimes known as "whiting". Various other additives are sometimes ...
ed, and often built in a square around a courtyard. In the 19th and 20th centuries, many bastides were used as summer houses by wealthy citizens of
Marseille
Marseille (; ; see #Name, below) is a city in southern France, the Prefectures in France, prefecture of the Departments of France, department of Bouches-du-Rhône and of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Regions of France, region. Situated in the ...
. More recently, most bastides in Provence have been transformed into expensive country homes.
One well-known bastide in Provence is the Bastide Neuve, located in the village of
La Treille near Marseille, which was a summer house for the family of French writer and filmmaker
Marcel Pagnol
Marcel Paul Pagnol (, also ; ; 28 February 1895 – 18 April 1974) was a French novelist, playwright, and filmmaker. Regarded as an auteur, in 1946, he became the first filmmaker elected to the . Pagnol is generally regarded as one of France's ...
. César Soubeyran, the wealthy farmer in his novels ''
Jean de Florette'' and ''
Manon des Sources'', lived in a bastide.
Other notable bastides include:
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Bastide Bel-Air
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Bastide Les Brégues d'Or
The Bastide Les Brégues d'Or is a historic bastide in Luynes, a village near Aix-en-Provence, France.
Location
It is located on the chemin de la Carrière in Luynes, near Aix-en-Provence, in south-east France.
History
The bastide was built in t ...
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Bastide de la Guillermy
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Bastide du Jas de Bouffan
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Bastide d'Orcel
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Bastide de Repentance
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Clos de Villeneuve
See also
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Architecture of Provence
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Mas (Provençal farmhouse)
A ''mas'' (, ) in the Provence and Southern France, Midi; ''masia'' (, ) in Catalonia, Balearic Islands, the Valencian Community, Land of Valencia and Sardinia; or ''masía'' () in Aragon is a traditional farmhouse.
Description
A ''mas'' was ...
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Bastide
Bastides are fortified new towns built in medieval Languedoc, Gascony, Aquitaine, England and Wales during the 13th and 14th centuries, although some authorities count Mont-de-Marsan and Montauban, which was founded in 1144, as the first bastides ...
Notes
References
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Bastide (Provencal manor)
Buildings and structures in Provence
Buildings and structures in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur