Bartolomé de Escobedo (1515 – August 11, 1563) was a Spanish composer of the
Renaissance
The Renaissance ( , ) is a Periodization, period of history and a European cultural movement covering the 15th and 16th centuries. It marked the transition from the Middle Ages to modernity and was characterized by an effort to revive and sur ...
.
Biography
He was born in
Zamora, studied at
Salamanca
Salamanca () is a Municipality of Spain, municipality and city in Spain, capital of the Province of Salamanca, province of the same name, located in the autonomous community of Castile and León. It is located in the Campo Charro comarca, in the ...
where he was a singer, and in 1536 joined the papal choir in
Rome
Rome (Italian language, Italian and , ) is the capital city and most populated (municipality) of Italy. It is also the administrative centre of the Lazio Regions of Italy, region and of the Metropolitan City of Rome. A special named with 2, ...
as only the second Spaniard to be admitted after
Cristóbal de Morales. He remained in Rome until 1554, interrupted by a short return to his home in 1541-5. When he left the papal choir he returned to Spain, taking a non-resident prebend at the
cathedral in Segovia.
He had his share of difficulties while in Rome, mostly due to his short temper and illness. Records from the
Vatican, the ''Diarii Sistini'', show that he was fined on two occasions for calling a fellow singer an "ass" and a "fat pig", and that he was inexplicably excommunicated for one day in 1546. Despite this, he was well regarded as a theorist and was famously involved in judging the public debate of 1551 between
Nicola Vicentino and
Vicenzo Lusitano over the relevance of
ancient Greek
Ancient Greek (, ; ) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the classical antiquity, ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC. It is often roughly divided into the following periods: Mycenaean Greek (), Greek ...
modes to 16th century music.
Escobedo has been speculated to be the teacher of
Tomás Luis de Victoria, but no firm evidence of this has been uncovered.
[Fuimara, p. 54]
Of his music only two
masses, six
motets and one
villancico survive.
Works
Masses:
*''Missa
Ad te levavi'' (a6)
*''Missa Philippus Rex Hispanie'' (a6)
Motets:
*''Domme non secundum'' (a5)
*''Erravi sicut ovis'' (a4)
*''Exurge quare obdormis'' (a4)
*''Hodie completi sunt'' (a5)
*''Immutentur habitu'' (a4)
*''Magna opera Domini'' (a4)
Villancico:
*''Ay, ay, ay, quien se queja'' (a6)
Notes
References and further reading
*Anthony Fiumara, 'Escobedo's Missa Philippus Rex Hispanie: a Spanish descendant of Josquin's Hercules Mass', ''Early Music'', Vol. 28, 2000. pp. 50–62
*
*
Gustave Reese, ''Music in the Renaissance''. New York, W.W. Norton & Co., 1954.
{{DEFAULTSORT:Escobedo, Bartolome de
1500s births
1563 deaths
Spanish Renaissance composers
Spanish male classical composers