Bartlett's tinamou (''Crypturellus bartletti'') is a type of

tinamou Tinamous () are members of the order Tinamiformes (), and family Tinamidae (), divided into two distinct subfamily, subfamilies, containing 46 species found in Mexico, Central America, and South America. The word "tinamou" comes from the Carib la ...

found in lowland forest in

South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a considerably smaller portion in the Northern Hemisphere. It can also be described as the southern Subregion#Americas, subregion o ...

.Clements, J (2007)

Taxonomy

The Bartlett's tinamou is a monotypic species. All tinamou are from the family Tinamidae, and in the larger scheme are also

ratite Ratites () are a polyphyletic group consisting of all birds within the infraclass Palaeognathae that lack keels and cannot fly. They are mostly large, long-necked, and long-legged, the exception being the kiwi, which is also the only nocturnal ...

s. Unlike other ratites, tinamous can fly, although in general, they are not strong fliers. All ratites evolved from prehistoric flying birds, and tinamous are the closest living relative of these birds.Davies, S. J. J. F. (2003)

Etymology

''Crypturellus'' is formed from three

Latin Latin ( or ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken by the Latins (Italic tribe), Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio), the lower Tiber area aroun ...

Greek Greek may refer to: Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor of all kno ...

words. ''Kruptos'' meaning covered or hidden, ''oura'' meaning tail, and ''ellus'' meaning diminutive. Therefore, ''Crypturellus'' means small hidden tail. ''Bartletti'' comes from the

form of Bartlett to commemorate

Edward Bartlett Edward Bartlett (1836 – April 1908) was an English ornithologist and herpetologist. He was the son of Abraham Dee Bartlett. Bartlett accompanied Henry Baker Tristram to Palestine in 1863–64, and collected in the Amazon basin and Peru in 18 ...

Range and habitat

Bartlett's tinamou is found in swamp and lowland forest in subtropical and tropical regions up to altitude. This species is native to western Amazonian

Brazil Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population ...

, northern

Bolivia Bolivia, officially the Plurinational State of Bolivia, is a landlocked country located in central South America. The country features diverse geography, including vast Amazonian plains, tropical lowlands, mountains, the Gran Chaco Province, w ...

, and eastern

Peru Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pac ...

, in South America.Clements, J (2007) It is also found in eastern

Ecuador Ecuador, officially the Republic of Ecuador, is a country in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west. It also includes the Galápagos Province which contain ...

. Over its range, it is considered uncommon.

Description

The Bartlett's tinamou is approximately in length. Its upperparts are brown above barred with black, throat and belly are white, remainder of underparts are rufous, flanks are barred black, and its crown is blackish.

Behavior

Like other tinamous, the Bartlett's eats fruit off the ground or low-lying bushes. They also eat small amounts of

invertebrates Invertebrates are animals that neither develop nor retain a vertebral column (commonly known as a ''spine'' or ''backbone''), which evolved from the notochord. It is a paraphyletic grouping including all animals excluding the chordate subphylum ...

, flower buds, tender leaves, seeds, and roots. The male incubates the eggs which may come from as many as 4 different females, and then will raise them until they are ready to be on their own, usually 2–3 weeks. The nest is located on the ground in dense brush or between raised root buttresses.

Conservation

The

IUCN The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natural resources. Founded in 1948, IUCN has become the global authority on the status ...

classify this tinamou as

Least Concern A least-concern species is a species that has been evaluated and categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as not being a focus of wildlife conservation because the specific species is still plentiful in the wil ...

, with an occurrence range of .BirdLife International (2008)

References

Sources

* * * * {{Taxonbar, from=Q790940 Crypturellus Tinamous of South America Birds of the Amazon rainforest Birds of the Bolivian Amazon Birds of the Ecuadorian Amazon Birds of Peruvian Amazonia Birds described in 1873 Taxa named by Philip Sclater Taxa named by Osbert Salvin