Bartholomäus Khöll (1614 – 20 February 1664 in

Vienna Vienna ( ; ; ) is the capital city, capital, List of largest cities in Austria, most populous city, and one of Federal states of Austria, nine federal states of Austria. It is Austria's primate city, with just over two million inhabitants. ...

) was an imperial master stonemason and 1653 superintendent of the Vienna Bauhütte (mason's guild).

Life

Bartholomäus married into a family of stonemasons. His wife was Christine Ungerin, who was the daughter of Simon Unger, who oversaw the maintenance of St. Stephen's Cathedral. Bartholomäus became a master stonemason on 26 September 1650, even though his lack of masterworks led to him paying a fine in

Reichsthaler The ''Reichsthaler'' (; modern spelling Reichstaler), or more specifically the ''Reichsthaler specie'', was a standard thaler silver coin introduced by the Holy Roman Empire in 1566 for use in all German states, minted in various versions for the ...

. He received

citizenship Citizenship is a membership and allegiance to a sovereign state. Though citizenship is often conflated with nationality in today's English-speaking world, international law does not usually use the term ''citizenship'' to refer to nationalit ...

from Vienna in July 1651, but there is not any information about his origins. His tax payments between 1652 and 1664 register him as a

renter Renting, also known as hiring or letting, is an agreement where a payment is made for the use of a good, service or property owned by another over a fixed period of time. To maintain such an agreement, a rental agreement (or lease) is sign ...

in central Vienna and as a middle income

master craftsman Historically, a master craftsman or master tradesman (sometimes called only master or grandmaster) was a member of a guild. The title survives as the highest professional qualification in craft industries. In the European guild#organization, gui ...

. On 22 December 1652 he was elected master of his Zunft's

Rathaus In local government, a city hall, town hall, civic centre (in the UK or Australia), guildhall, or municipal hall (in the Philippines) is the chief administrative building of a city, town, or other municipality. It usually houses the city o ...

. His wife Christine died on 21 July 1661 at the age of 29. In her will and testament, she bequeathed her three children, David, Maria, and the one-year-old Micheal 150

Guilder Guilder is the English translation of the Dutch and German ''gulden'', originally shortened from Middle High German ''guldin pfenninc'' (" gold penny"). This was the term that became current in the southern and western parts of the Holy Rom ...

. One of her testament witnesses was Adam Haresleben, who was the stonemason responsible for Vienna's cathedrals at the time. Master Bartholomäus Khöll had remarried and wrote his will and testament on 19 February 1664. He died a few days later at the age of 50. His widow married the master stonemason Urab Illmayr, who took over Khöll's position as leader of the Vienna Bauhütte. The three children from his first marriage had become

orphan An orphan is a child whose parents have died, are unknown, or have permanently abandoned them. It can also refer to a child who has lost only one parent, as the Hebrew language, Hebrew translation, for example, is "fatherless". In some languages ...

s, but they subsisted from the inheritance given by their parents.

Main Entrance of the Schottenkirche

Bartholomäus Khöll built the middle tower facades of the Schottenkirche in 1652. He followed a plan with a half-column framing,

Entablature An entablature (; nativization of Italian , from "in" and "table") is the superstructure of moldings and bands which lies horizontally above columns, resting on their capitals. Entablatures are major elements of classical architecture, and ...

, and blasted gable segments, to create a Niche. A

sculptor Sculpture is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions. Sculpture is the three-dimensional art work which is physically presented in the dimensions of height, width and depth. It is one of the plastic arts. Durable sc ...

of Maria with her child was created by Tobias Kracker and added to this niche in 1651.

Work for the Imperial Court

There are excerpts from the receipts of respectives tasks assigned to Khöll from the imperial construction offices (Hofbaumates) for 1657. The following workers were named on these excerpts: * Master Bartholomäus Khöll, Stone Mason: 710 Guilders * Master Hans Engelbrecht, Court Cabinetmaker: 4.888 Guilders 30

Kreuzer The Kreuzer (), in English also spelled kreutzer ( ), was a coin and unit of currency in the southern German states prior to the introduction of the German gold mark in 1871–1873, and in Austria and Switzerland. After 1760 it was made of cop ...

* Caspar Della, Court Painter: 188 Guilders.

Literature

* Wiener Stadt- und Landesarchiv: ''Steuerakten, Steinmetzakten, Ereignisprotokolle''. * Otto E. Plettenbacher: ''Geschichte der Steinmetze von Wien im 17. Jahrhundert. Eine wirtschafts- und kulturhistorische, als auch soziologische Untersuchung''. Dissertation, Universität Wien 1960. * Herbert Haupt, ''Archivalien zur Kulturgeschichte des Wiener Hofes'', II. Teil: ''Kaiser Leopold I. – Die Jahre 1657-1660''. * Dehio Wien: ''1. Bezirk, Schottenstift und Kirche''. 2003. * Herbert Haupt: ''Das Hof- und hofbefreite Handwerk im barocken Wien 1620 bis 1770'', ''Bartholomäus Köll''. Forschungen und Beiträge zur Wiener Stadtgeschichte. Nr. 46. Studien-Verlag, Innsbruck, Wien, Bozen 2007, . {{DEFAULTSORT:Kholl, Bartholomaus Austrian Baroque sculptors 1614 births 1664 deaths