Banat, Bačka and Baranya ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Banat, Bačka i Baranja, Банат, Бачка и Барања) was a province of the

Kingdom of Serbia The Kingdom of Serbia was a country located in the Balkans which was created when the ruler of the Principality of Serbia, Milan I of Serbia, Milan I, was proclaimed king in 1882. Since 1817, the Principality was ruled by the Obrenović dynast ...

and the

Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes The Kingdom of Yugoslavia was a country in Southeast and Central Europe that existed from 1918 until 1941. From 1918 to 1929, it was officially called the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, but the term "Yugoslavia" () has been its colloq ...

between November 1918 and 1922. It included the geographical regions of

Banat Banat ( , ; ; ; ) is a geographical and Historical regions of Central Europe, historical region located in the Pannonian Basin that straddles Central Europe, Central and Eastern Europe. It is divided among three countries: the eastern part lie ...

, Bačka, and Baranya and its administrative center was

Novi Sad Novi Sad ( sr-Cyrl, Нови Сад, ; #Name, see below for other names) is the List of cities in Serbia, second largest city in Serbia and the capital of the autonomous province of Vojvodina. It is located in the southern portion of the Pannoni ...

. They were later separated from the country to become SAP Vojvodina in 1945 with the creation of Federal Yugoslavia; smaller parts of Baranya were incorporated into

Croatia Croatia, officially the Republic of Croatia, is a country in Central Europe, Central and Southeast Europe, on the coast of the Adriatic Sea. It borders Slovenia to the northwest, Hungary to the northeast, Serbia to the east, Bosnia and Herze ...

or ceded to

Kingdom of Hungary The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from 1000 to 1946 and was a key part of the Habsburg monarchy from 1526-1918. The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the Coro ...

, while a portion of Banat was ceded to

Kingdom of Romania The Kingdom of Romania () was a constitutional monarchy that existed from with the crowning of prince Karl of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen as King of Romania, King Carol I of Romania, Carol I (thus beginning the Romanian royal family), until 1947 wit ...

Name

The official name of the province was ''Banat, Bačka and Baranya'', but it was also unofficially known as ''

Vojvodina Vojvodina ( ; sr-Cyrl, Војводина, ), officially the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, is an Autonomous administrative division, autonomous province that occupies the northernmost part of Serbia, located in Central Europe. It lies withi ...

''.

History

Following the collapse of

Austria-Hungary Austria-Hungary, also referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the Dual Monarchy or the Habsburg Monarchy, was a multi-national constitutional monarchy in Central Europe#Before World War I, Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. A military ...

in October 1918, the regions of Banat, Bačka and Baranya came under control of the

Serbia , image_flag = Flag of Serbia.svg , national_motto = , image_coat = Coat of arms of Serbia.svg , national_anthem = () , image_map = , map_caption = Location of Serbia (gree ...

n army, in November. They entered Novi Sad on 9 November and dismantled the Hungarian-supported Banat Republic on 15 November. The local ethnic Serb population from these regions had already formed its own administration under the supreme authority of Serb National Board in

. On November 25, 1918, the Great National Assembly of Serbs, Bunjevci and other Slavs (Велика народна скупштина Срба, Буњеваца и осталих Словена, Velika narodna skupština Srba, Bunjevaca i ostalih Slovena) ) from Banat, Bačka and Baranya, voted that these regions join to the

. The assembly numbered 757 deputies, of whom 578 were

Serbs The Serbs ( sr-Cyr, Срби, Srbi, ) are a South Slavs, South Slavic ethnic group native to Southeastern Europe who share a common Serbian Cultural heritage, ancestry, Culture of Serbia, culture, History of Serbia, history, and Serbian lan ...

, 84

Bunjevci Bunjevci ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Bunjevci, Буњевци, ; sh-Latn-Cyrl, label=, separator=" / ", Bunjevac, Буњевац, sh-Latn-Cyrl, label=, separator=" / ", Bunjevka, Буњевка) are a South Slavs, South Slavic sub-ethnic ...

, 62

Slovaks The Slovaks ( (historical Sloveni ), singular: ''Slovák'' (historical: ''Sloven'' ), feminine: ''Slovenka'' , plural: ''Slovenky'') are a West Slavic ethnic group and nation native to Slovakia who share a common ancestry, culture, history ...

, 21

Rusyns Rusyns, also known as Carpatho-Rusyns, Carpatho-Russians, Ruthenians, or Rusnaks, are an East Slavs, East Slavic ethnic group from the Carpathian Rus', Eastern Carpathians in Central Europe. They speak Rusyn language, Rusyn, an East Slavic lan ...

, 6

Germans Germans (, ) are the natives or inhabitants of Germany, or sometimes more broadly any people who are of German descent or native speakers of the German language. The Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany, constitution of Germany, imple ...

, 3 Šokci, 2

Croats The Croats (; , ) are a South Slavs, South Slavic ethnic group native to Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and other neighboring countries in Central Europe, Central and Southeastern Europe who share a common Croatian Cultural heritage, ancest ...

, and 1 Hungarian. The Great People's Assembly decided to join Banat, Bačka and Baranya to Serbia, and formed a new local administration (government) in these regions known as the People's Administration for Banat, Bačka and Baranya ( / Народна управа за Банат, Бачку и Барању). The president of the People's Administration was Jovan Lalošević. The People's Council was formed as the legislative body of the province. On December 1, the Kingdom of Serbia together with the

State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs The State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs ( / ; ) was a political entity that was constituted in October 1918, at the end of World War I, by Slovenes, Croats and Serbs (Prečani (Serbs), Prečani) residing in what were the southernmost parts of th ...

formed a new country named

. Although the government in

Belgrade Belgrade is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Serbia, largest city of Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers and at the crossroads of the Pannonian Basin, Pannonian Plain and the Balkan Peninsula. T ...

accepted the decision that Banat, Bačka and Baranya had joined Serbia, it did not recognize the People's Administration. The People's Administration for Banat, Bačka and Baranya was active until March 11, 1919, when it held its last session. Before the peace conference defined the exact borders of the

, the People's Administration for Banat, Bačka and Baranya also administered parts of Banat, Bačka and Baranya that today belong to

Romania Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern and Southeast Europe. It borders Ukraine to the north and east, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Bulgaria to the south, Moldova to ...

and

Hungary Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Spanning much of the Pannonian Basin, Carpathian Basin, it is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the south, Croatia and ...

. After the Paris peace conference, the Banat, Bačka and Baranya province remained in place until the Vidovdan Constitution of 1921 which established the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes as a

unitary state A unitary state is a (Sovereign state, sovereign) State (polity), state governed as a single entity in which the central government is the supreme authority. The central government may create or abolish administrative divisions (sub-national or ...

and replaced in 1922 the 8 ''Pokrajinas'' (provinces) by 33 new administrative '' oblasts'' (counties) ruled from the center.

Population

The population of Banat, Bačka and Baranya (within the borders defined by the peace conference) was 1,365,596, including 29.1%

, 27.71%

Hungarians Hungarians, also known as Magyars, are an Ethnicity, ethnic group native to Hungary (), who share a common Culture of Hungary, culture, Hungarian language, language and History of Hungary, history. They also have a notable presence in former pa ...

, 23.10%

, and others (such as

Romanians Romanians (, ; dated Endonym and exonym, exonym ''Vlachs'') are a Romance languages, Romance-speaking ethnic group and nation native to Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. Sharing a Culture of Romania, ...

). Serbs and Croats together comprised 36.80% of population of the region.Dr Drago Njegovan, Prisajedinjenje Vojvodine Srbiji, Muzej Vojvodine, Novi Sad, 2004, page 207.

Institutions

The legislative body (parliament) of the province was known as the ''Great People's Council'' (''Veliki Narodni Savet''), while executive body (government) was known as the ''People's Administration'' (''Narodna Uprava''). The Great People's Council consisted of 50 members, which included 35

, 8

, 5

, 1 Krashovan, and 1 Uniate priest. The People's Administration included following sections: *Political affairs *Internal affairs *Jurisdiction *Education *Finances *Traffic *Economy *Food and supplies *Social reforms *People's Health *People's Defence

Administrators

* Jovan Lalošević, president of the People's Administration, people's commissioner for political affairs, and temporary people's commissioner for education *

Petar Konjović Petar Konjović ( sr-cyr, Петар Коњовић, , 5 May 1883 – 1 October 1970) was a Serbs, Serbian composer and academic. Education and career Petar Konjović was born in Čurug, where his father worked as a teacher. He was educated in No ...

, vice-president of the People's Administration * Jovan Hranilović, temporary president of the Great People's Council * Slavko Miletić, president of the Great People's Council * Jovan Latinčić, vice-president of the Great People's Council * Ignjat Pavlas, people's commissioner for internal affairs * August Rat, people's commissioner for jurisdiction * Vladislav Manojlović, people's commissioner for finances * Stevan Slavnić, people's commissioner for traffic * Mita Klicin, people's commissioner for economy * Kosta Popović, people's commissioner for food and supplies * Dušan Tušanović, people's commissioner for social reforms * Laza Marković, people's commissioner for people's health * Dušan Popov, people's commissioner for people's defense

References

Sources

* Drago Njegovan, ''Prisajedinjenje Vojvodine Srbiji'', Novi Sad, 2004. * Lazo M. Kostić, ''Srpska Vojvodina i njene manjine'', Novi Sad, 1999. * Dimitrije Boarov, ''Politička istorija Vojvodine'', Novi Sad, 2001. * Čedomir Popov, Jelena Popov, ''Autonomija Vojvodine – srpsko pitanje'', Sremski Karlovci, 2000. *

External links

Vojvodina u Prvom svetskom ratu

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Banat, Backa And Baranja Pokrajinas of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes Former administrative divisions of Serbia Aftermath of World War I in Hungary Yugoslav Serbia History of Banat History of Bačka History of Baranya (region) 1910s in Romania 1918 establishments in Yugoslavia 1919 disestablishments in Yugoslavia Yugoslav unification