Baldwin Hills, Los Angeles

Baldwin Hills is a neighborhood within the South Los Angeles region of Los Angeles, California.

Often referred to as the "Black Beverly Hills", Baldwin Hills is home to Kenneth Hahn State Regional Park and to Village Green, a National Historic Landmark.

History

19th century

Baldwin Hills and surrounding areas were part of Rancho La Cienega o Paso de la Tijera and later owned by the 19th century L.A. pioneer Elias "Lucky" Baldwin. The Sanchez Adobe de Rancho La Cienega o Paso de la Tijera was once the center of the rancho. In the 1920s, an addition was built linking the structures and the building was converted into a larger clubhouse for the Sunset Golf Course.

1930s

The 1932 Los Angeles Olympics housed athletes at the Olympic Village in Baldwin Hills. It was the site of the very first Olympic Village ever built, for the 1932 Los Angeles Summer Olympic Games. Built for male athletes only, the village consisted of several hundred buildings, including post and telegraph offices, an amphitheater, a hospital, a fire department, and a bank. Female athletes were housed at the Chapman Park Hotel on Wilshire Boulevard. The Olympic Village was demolished after the Summer Olympic Games.

1950s

In 1950, new homes in Baldwin Hills were designed by Paul W. Trousdale & Associates (of Trousdale Estates fame) and advertised as being near the "$30 million Crenshaw-Santa Barbara Shopping Center.

1960s

On December 14, 1963, a crack appeared in the Baldwin Hills Dam impounding the Baldwin Hills Reservoir. Within a few hours, water rushing through the crack eroded the earthen dam, gradually widening the crack until the dam failed catastrophically at 3:38 p.m. When the crack was discovered, police with bullhorns urged the evacuation of the area, but six people were killed. Two hundred homes were completely wiped out, and an additional 1500 to 2000 houses and apartment buildings were damaged, and most of Baldwin Vista and the historic Village Green community were flooded. The dam's failure was ultimately determined to be the result of subsidence, caused by overexploitation of the Inglewood Oil Field. The dam's failure prompted the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power to close and drain other small local reservoirs with similar designs, such as the Silver Lake Reservoir. The Baldwin Hills Dam was not rebuilt—instead, the empty reservoir was demolished, filled with earth, landscaped, and converted to Kenneth Hahn Regional Park.

1980s

During the summer of 1985, a brush fire along La Brea Avenue spread up the canyon towards the homes along Don Carlos Drive in Baldwin Hills Estates. Many homes were destroyed despite the efforts of the Los Angeles Fire Department to suppress the flames. The fire killed three people and destroyed 69 homes;Pollard-Terry, Gayle (October 29, 2006). . Neighborly Advice. ''Los Angeles Times''. p. K2. the arsonist was never caught.

In 1985, the ''Los Angeles Times'' noted that Baldwin Hills is "now often called the Black Beverly Hills".

Geography

Baldwin Hills is bounded by La Cienega Boulevard to the west, Crenshaw Boulevard to the east, Stocker Street to the south and Obama Boulevard to the north with Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard forming the northeast dividing line between Baldwin Hills and Crenshaw Manor. It is bordered on the west by Culver City and it shares the eastern border of Crenshaw Boulevard with Leimert Park.

The namesake mountain range is part of the neighborhood.

Neighborhoods

Neighborhoods within Baldwin Hills include:
* Baldwin Hills Estates is locally known as " The Dons", because all but one street begins with the formal title of the city's original land holders. The oldest two streets in the neighborhood are Don Luis Drive and Don Mariano Drive. Old maps show those streets with the names Sprague Drive and Maryann Drive. Susan Miller Dorsey High School has called its school mascot ''The Dorsey Dons and Donnas'' after this neighborhood. The neighborhood is east of La Brea, southwest of Santo Tomas Drive, south of the Jim Gilliam Recreation Center and north of Stocker Street). It is sometimes called "the Black Beverly Hills". The neighborhood is characterized by hillside houses with swimming pools, and modern condominiums (the latter often jut out from steep hillsides, perched on stilts).
* Baldwin Village - In 1988, Baldwin Village became be a distinct community in the city's General Plan, and signs were to be posted to identify the area. It is bounded by La Brea Avenue, Marlton Avenue, Obama Boulevard, Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard and Santo Thomas Drive. The neighborhood is the most densely populated part of Baldwin Hills, made up of many midcentury apartment complexes. Built before 1973, the area's apartments are subject to Los Angeles' rent stabilization ordinance and have been an important source of affordable housing in the otherwise very expensive Westside. One of the largest single complexes, the 669-unit Baldwin Village Apartments, has been acquired by the Housing Authority and converted into deed-restricted affordable housing.
* Baldwin Vista is bounded by La Cienega Boulevard to the West, La Brea Avenue to the East, Coliseum Street to the North, and Kenneth Hahn Park to the South.
* Village Green, originally named Baldwin Hills Village, is located north of Baldwin Vista. It is a historic Mid-Century modern " garden city" developed by Walter H. Leimert (1877–1970) multi-family residential. It was designated as a National Historic Landmark in 2001. The units are now condominiums on very spacious grounds, attracting seniors, young families, and design professionals as residents.

Climate

Parks and recreation

* Baldwin Hills Scenic Overlook State Park - The entrance to the park is located at 6300 Hetzler Road in Culver City, CA. The park is open daily from 8 a.m. to sunset. The park includes an amphitheater, the Evan Frankel Discovery Center, picnic tables, and walking paths.
* Kenneth Hahn State Regional Park is located at 4100 South La Cienega Boulevard. It is a 401 acre recreation and sports area.
* Norman O Houston Park: is located at 4800 South La Brea Avenue.
* Jim Gilliam Park & Recreation Center is located at 4000 South La Brea Avenue. It is home to the Jim Gilliam Senior Citizen Center.

Government

Police department

* Southwest Community Police Station - Law enforcement services in Baldwin Hills are provided by the Southwest Community Police Station.

Neighborhood council

* Empowerment Congress West - The neighborhood council for Baldwin Hills is Empowerment Congress West.

Library

* Baldwin Hills Branch Library - Operated by Los Angeles Public Library, the branch is located at 2900 La Brea Avenue.

Education

Baldwin Hills is served by Los Angeles Unified School District. Baldwin Hills also has a charter school. The schools operating within Baldwin Hills borders are:
* Baldwin Hills Elementary School
* Audubon Middle School
* Susan Miller Dorsey High School
* Windsor Math/Science/Aerospace Magnet
* Hillcrest Drive Elementary School.
* Marlton School
* New Designs Charter School

New LA Elementary School, a charter school, is on the grounds of Baldwin Hills Elementary. A California law called Proposition 39 allows New LA to occupy space on the grounds of Baldwin Hills Elementary. In 2022, area community members advocated for the charter school to move to another location since they believed that it meant there would not be enough space for the public elementary to operate efficiently.

Media

Literature

* '' Magic Street'' - Orson Scott Card's urban fantasy novel set in Baldwin Hills.

Television

* '' Baldwin Hills'' - A reality show about several African-American teenagers living in Baldwin Hills.

Notable people

* Danny Elfman
* Mike Love

See also

References

External links

Baldwin Hills Estates Homeowners Association website

Friends of the Baldwin Hills website

The Baldwin Hills Conservancy website

Official Kenneth Hahn State Recreation Area website

lacounty.info: Kenneth Hahn Recreation Area

Baldwin Hills Scenic Overlook Park website

Village Green website

Village Green: historic architecture article


* ttp://www.stanford.edu/~meehan/la/baldwin.htm Baldwin Hills Dam history
University Park Family
��a collaborative online community: focused on University Park, Expo Park and the surrounding areas.

Leimert Park Beat
��a collaborative online community focused on Leimert Park: "The Soul of Los Angeles and the African American cultural center of the city."

{{Authority control

Neighborhoods in Los Angeles
Baldwin Hills (mountain range)
Crenshaw, Los Angeles
South Los Angeles
Venues of the 1932 Summer Olympics
Olympic Villages in the United States