The Banu Bakr bin Wa'il ( ar, بنو بكر بن وائل '), or simply Banu Bakr, were an Arabian tribe belonging to the large Rabi'ah branch of Adnanite tribes, which also included

Abd al-Qays The Abd al-Qays ( ar, عبد القيس) was an ancient Arabian tribe from the Rabi'a branch of the North Arabian tribes. History Origins The name of the tribe means 'servant of the odQays'. It belonged to the tribal groups originally residen ...

Anazzah Anizah or Anazah ( ar, عنزة, ʻanizah, Najdi pronunciation: ) is an Arabian tribe in the Arabian Peninsula, Upper Mesopotamia, and the Levant. Genealogy and origins Anizah's existence as an autonomous tribal group, like many prominen ...

, Taghlib. The tribe is reputed to have engaged in a 40-year war before Islam with its cousins from Taghlib, known as the

War of Basous The Basus (or Basous) War (often written al-Basus War; ''ḥarb al-basūs'') was a 40-year conflict between two cousin tribes in Arabia of Late Antiquity which was started by the killing of a camel owned by woman named Al Basus under the protecit ...

. The pre-Islamic poet, Tarafah was a member of Bakr. Bakr's original lands were in

Najd Najd ( ar, نَجْدٌ, ), or the Nejd, forms the geographic center of Saudi Arabia, accounting for about a third of the country's modern population and, since the Emirate of Diriyah, acting as the base for all unification campaigns by the ...

, in central Arabia, but most of the tribe's bedouin sections migrated northwards immediately before Islam, and settled in the area of

Upper Mesopotamia Upper Mesopotamia is the name used for the uplands and great outwash plain of northwestern Iraq, northeastern Syria and southeastern Turkey, in the northern Middle East. Since the early Muslim conquests of the mid-7th century, the region has be ...

, on the upper Euphrates. The region of Diyar Bakr, and later the city of Diyarbakır in southern

Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a list of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolia, Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with ...

, take their names from this tribe.Canard, M., Cahen, Cl., Yinanç, Mükrimin H., and Sourdel-Thomine, J. �
Diyār Bakr
��. Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Ed. P. Bearman et al. Brill Reference Online. Web. 16 Nov. 2019. Accessed on 16 November 2019. The tribe is distinct from the tribe of

Bani Bakr ibn Abd Manat The Banu Bakr ibn Abd Manat ( ar, بنو بكر بن عبد مناة) were an Arabian tribe of the Hejaz region. Bani Bakr bin Abd Manat bin Kenana bin Khuzaymah bin Mdarka bin Elias bin Mudar bin Nizar bin Ma'ad bin Adnan was a subtribe of the Ke ...

, who lived in the Hejaz and had important interactions with

Muhammad Muhammad ( ar, مُحَمَّد; 570 – 8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet divinely inspired to preach and confirm the monot ...

History

Muhammad's era

During the Islamic Prophet Muhammad's era the Banu Bakr tribe was involved in various military conflicts.

Branches

The following are some of the related and sub-tribes of Bakr ibn Wa'il in the pre-Islamic and early-Islamic eras: * Adnanite, Hejaz or "Northwestern Arabian" (Northern Arabian Red Sea coast) **

Rabi`ah Rabīʿa ibn Nizar ( ar, ربيعة بن نزار) is the patriarch of one of two main branches of the "North Arabian" ( Adnanite) tribes, the other branch being founded by Mudhar. Branches According to the classical Arab genealogists, the fo ...

(ربيعة), migrated northwards and eastwards from Hejaz, for example to Diyar Rabi'a in Al-Jazira, Mesopotamia *** Bakr ibn Wa'il, Al-Yamama, bedouin sections migrated before Islam to Diyar Bakr in Al-Jazira. **** Banu Hanifa - mostly sedentary, were the principal tribe of Al-Yamama. **** Banu Shayban - mostly nomadic ('' bedouin''), led the Battle of Dhi Qar against the

Sassanid The Sasanian () or Sassanid Empire, officially known as the Empire of Iranians (, ) and also referred to by historians as the Neo-Persian Empire, was the last Iranian empire before the early Muslim conquests of the 7th-8th centuries AD. Name ...

Persia Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkme ...

ns in southern

Iraq Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq ...

prior to Islam. The jurist

Ahmad ibn Hanbal Ahmad ibn Hanbal al-Dhuhli ( ar, أَحْمَد بْن حَنْبَل الذهلي, translit=Aḥmad ibn Ḥanbal al-Dhuhlī; November 780 – 2 August 855 CE/164–241 AH), was a Muslim jurist, theologian, ascetic, hadith traditionist, and ...

claimed descent from this tribe. ****

Banu Qays ibn Tha'labah Banu or BANU may refer to: * Banu (name) * Banu (Arabic), Arabic word for "the sons of" or "children of" * Banu (makeup artist), an Indian makeup artist * Banu Chichek, a character in the ''Book of Dede Korkut'' * Bulgarian Agrarian National ...

- bedouin and sedentary, were the inhabitants of the town of Manfuha (now part of Riyadh). The pre-Islamic poets al-A'sha and Tarafah were among its members. **** Banu Yashkur - bedouin and sedentary, inhabitants of Al-Yamama.

Al-Harith ibn Hillizah Al-Ḥārith ibn Ḥilliza al-Yashkurī ( ar, الحارث بن حلزة اليشكري) was a pre-Islamic Arabian poet of the tribe of Bakr, from the 5th century. He was the author of one of the seven famous pre-Islamic poems known as the '' Mu'al ...

, one of the purported authors of the Seven Hanged Poems of pre- Islamic

Arabia The Arabian Peninsula, (; ar, شِبْهُ الْجَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَبِيَّة, , "Arabian Peninsula" or , , "Island of the Arabs") or Arabia, is a peninsula of Western Asia, situated northeast of Africa on the Arabian Plate. ...

, was a member of Yashkur. **** Banu 'Ijl - mostly bedouin, located in Al-Yamama and the southern borders of

Mesopotamia Mesopotamia ''Mesopotamíā''; ar, بِلَاد ٱلرَّافِدَيْن or ; syc, ܐܪܡ ܢܗܪ̈ܝܢ, or , ) is a historical region of Western Asia situated within the Tigris–Euphrates river system, in the northern part of the F ...

. ****

Banu Dhuhal Banu Dhuhl () also known as Dhuhal, was an Adnanite Arab tribe descended from Dhuhal ibn Tha'laba. The tribe of Dhuhl was a branch of the Banu Bakr tribe, less prominent than the other Bakri tribes like the Banu Ijl and Banu Shayban. Althoug ...

*** Abdul Qays ***

In eastern

: *

Taghlib ibn Wa'il The Banu Taghlib (), also known as Taghlib ibn Wa'il, were an Arab tribe that originated in Najd (central Arabia), but later migrated and inhabited the Jazira (Upper Mesopotamia) from the late 6th century onward. Their parent tribe was the Ra ...

, migrated northwards to the Jazirah plain in northern Mesopotamia in the 6th century. *

Anz ibn Wa'il ANZ may refer to: People * Anz (musician), a British DJ and electronic musician Banks * ANZ (bank), Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited, the fourth-largest bank in Australia ** ANZ Bank New Zealand, the largest bank in New Zealand * ...

* al-Nammir ibn Qasit

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bakr Tribes of Arabia Tribes of Saudi Arabia Bakr