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Bad Brückenau () is a
spa A spa is a location where mineral-rich spring water (sometimes seawater) is used to give medicinal baths. Spa health treatments are known as balneotherapy. The belief in the curative powers of mineral waters and hot springs goes back to pre ...
town in
Bad Kissingen Bad Kissingen () is a German spa town in the Bavarian region of Lower Franconia and County town, seat of the Bad Kissingen (district), district Bad Kissingen. Situated to the south of the Rhön Mountains on the Franconian Saale, Franconia ...
district in northwestern
Bavaria Bavaria, officially the Free State of Bavaria, is a States of Germany, state in the southeast of Germany. With an area of , it is the list of German states by area, largest German state by land area, comprising approximately 1/5 of the total l ...
in the
Rhön Mountains The Rhön Mountains () are a group of low mountains (or ''Mittelgebirge'') in central Germany, located around the border area where the states of Hesse, Bavaria and Thuringia come together. These mountains, which are at the extreme southeast end o ...
.


Geography

Bad Brückenau is in the tree-lined Sinn valley, in the western Rhön Mountains – this river being a tributary of the
Main Main may refer to: Geography *Main River (disambiguation), multiple rivers with the same name *Ma'in, an ancient kingdom in modern-day Yemen * Main, Iran, a village in Fars Province *Spanish Main, the Caribbean coasts of mainland Spanish territ ...
. It consists of five subdivisions: the central town and four suburbs: Staatsbad Brückenau, Wernarz, Volkers and Römershag.


History


History of Brückenau

The early history of the town is sparsely documented. The first buildings were probably erected close to a ford across the Sinn, which was in use by the time of
Charlemagne Charlemagne ( ; 2 April 748 – 28 January 814) was List of Frankish kings, King of the Franks from 768, List of kings of the Lombards, King of the Lombards from 774, and Holy Roman Emperor, Emperor of what is now known as the Carolingian ...
. By the 12th century the settlement had reached the size of a small town and was called Sinn-Au. Earliest mention of the town is made in a document dating back to 1249, when
Fulda Abbey The Abbey of Fulda (; ), from 1221 the Princely Abbey of Fulda () and from 1752 the Prince-Bishopric of Fulda (), was a Benedictine abbey and ecclesiastical principality centered on Fulda, in the present-day German state of Hesse. The monastery ...
granted Sinn-Au certain privileges. In 1260 the Bishop had four castles built around the town, which he granted to various vassals in the area. Around that time, he also fortified the town with a simple town wall. In 1310 Sinn-Au was granted the rights of a city by King (later Emperor) Heinrich VII. With that, Brückenau gained the rights to maintain its walls, hold markets, have its own council, cut tree in the forests, raise taxes on wine and so on. In 1337, the council made use of its new rights and enlarged the walls and fortified the gates. In 1597 the town received its present name ''Brückenau'', when a bridge (German: ''Brücke'') was built over the Sinn. In August 1876, the town was almost completely destroyed by fire.


History of the spa

In the 15th century mention is made of a sour-tasting well four kilometers down the valley in south westerly direction. Even then, the water was known for its curative properties, and in 1747 Bishop Amandus von Buseck of Fulda built a fountain. Under his successor
Heinrich von Bibra Heinrich von Bibra (Heinrich VIII of Fulda), Prince-Bishop, Prince-Abbot of Fulda (1711–1788) was Prince-Bishop and Prince-Abbot from 1759 to 1788. As part his role as Prince-Abbot of Fulda, he had the additional role as Archchancellor ...
, the first hotels were built and two more wells discovered. The
Baroque The Baroque ( , , ) is a Western Style (visual arts), style of Baroque architecture, architecture, Baroque music, music, Baroque dance, dance, Baroque painting, painting, Baroque sculpture, sculpture, poetry, and other arts that flourished from ...
ensemble along the main axis of the Kurpark dates back to these days. In 1816, following the
Napoleonic Wars {{Infobox military conflict , conflict = Napoleonic Wars , partof = the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars , image = Napoleonic Wars (revision).jpg , caption = Left to right, top to bottom:Battl ...
, Brückenau became part of the
Kingdom of Bavaria The Kingdom of Bavaria ( ; ; spelled ''Baiern'' until 1825) was a German state that succeeded the former Electorate of Bavaria in 1806 and continued to exist until 1918. With the unification of Germany into the German Empire in 1871, the kingd ...
. Brückenau became the favorite spa of King
Ludwig I of Bavaria Ludwig I or Louis I (; 25 August 1786 – 29 February 1868) was King of Bavaria from 1825 until the German revolutions of 1848–49, 1848 revolutions in the German states. When he was crown prince, he was involved in the Napoleonic Wars. As ki ...
, who financed an encompassing renovation. The central building dating back to this era is the ''Große Kursaal''. After the German
Revolution of 1848 The revolutions of 1848, known in some countries as the springtime of the peoples or the springtime of nations, were a series of revolutions throughout Europe over the course of more than one year, from 1848 to 1849. It remains the most widespre ...
and the abdication of Ludwig I, the Bavarian government leased the spa to private entrepreneurs. Today, most of the hotels are leased by Dorint. In the first decade of the 20th century, the town, rebuilt after the fire, began to imitate the success of the spa. Three wells were discovered, the town and a group of citizens created two parks. In the administrative reform of 1970, the Staatsbad became part of the town and all of Brückenau was granted the official title "Bad".


Culture and Sights


Museums

* ''Heimatmuseum'': in the town centre, this gives an impression of daily life in Brückenau in the 18th and 19th centuries. * German Bicycle-Museum


Music

* ''Bayerisches Kammerorchester'' * ''Kurorchester''


Architecture

* ''Großer Kursaal'': the ''Großer Kursaal'' was planned in 1827 by the Munich architect Johann Gottfried Gutensohn and built by the Brückenau master builder Lorenz Hergenröder. Its
neoclassical style Neoclassicism, also spelled Neo-classicism, emerged as a Western cultural movement in the decorative and visual arts, literature, theatre, music, and architecture that drew inspiration from the art and culture of classical antiquity. Neoclassici ...
influenced the historicist architecture of spas all over southern Germany. * ''Altstadt'': the old town hosts buildings including historic pubs and inns dating back to the 16th century. * ''Kloster Volkersberg'': the former
Franciscan The Franciscans are a group of related organizations in the Catholic Church, founded or inspired by the Italian saint Francis of Assisi. They include three independent Religious institute, religious orders for men (the Order of Friars Minor bei ...
monastery dating back to the 17th century is in Volkers and looks towards some of the Rhön Mountains.


Mayors

*1998-2010: Thomas Ullmann *2010-2020: Brigitte Meyerdierks (CSU)Bürgermeisterwahl auf mittelbayerische.de
/ref> *since 2020: Jochen VogelListe der ersten Bürgermeister/Oberbürgermeister in kreisangehörigen Gemeinden
Bayerisches Landesamt für Statistik The statistical offices of the German states (German language, German: ) carry out the task of collecting official statistics in Germany together and in cooperation with the Federal Statistical Office of Germany, Federal Statistical Office. The im ...
, 15 July 2021.


Town twinning

Bad Brückenau is twinned with: * -
Kirkham, Lancashire Kirkham aka Kirkam-in-Amounderness Hundred, Amounderness is a market town and civil parishes in England, civil parish in the Borough of Fylde in Lancashire, England, midway between Blackpool and Preston, Lancashire, Preston and adjacent to the ...
(since 1995) * -
Ancenis Ancenis (; ) is a former Communes of France, commune in the Loire-Atlantique Departments of France, department in western France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune Ancenis-Saint-Géréon. It is a former Subprefectures in France ...
,
Loire-Atlantique Loire-Atlantique (; Gallo language, Gallo: ''Louére-Atantique''; ; before 1957: ''Loire-Inférieure'', ) is a departments of France, department in Pays de la Loire on the west coast of France, named after the river Loire and the Atlantic Ocean. ...
(since 1980)


Notable people

* :de:Ernst Putz (1896-1933), member of parliament of the communist party, in 1933 murdered by the Nazis * :de:David Schuster (1910-1999), businessman, member of the Bavarian Senate and chairman of the Jewish Community of Würzburg and Lower Franconia *
Johann Altfuldisch Johann Altfuldisch (born November 11, 1911, Brückenau, Germany — died May 28, 1947, Landsberg am Lech, Bavaria, Germany) was SS-Obersturmführer and a guard at Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp where temporarily he was vice-chief of its c ...
, also '' Hans Altfuldisch '' (1911-1947, executed), ''Obersturmführer'' and temporarily deputy head of a central part of the
Mauthausen concentration camp Mauthausen was a German Nazi concentration camp on a hill above the market town of Mauthausen, Upper Austria, Mauthausen (roughly east of Linz), Upper Austria. It was the main camp of a group with List of subcamps of Mauthausen, nearly 100 f ...
*
Gerda Müller Gerda Müller (30 July 1894 – 26 April 1951) was a German stage actress. Life Gerda Müller was born near Rößel (since 1945 part of Poland) in rural East Prussia. She studied at the "Max Reinhardt" stage school (as it was known at th ...
(born 1944), jurist, vice-president of the
Federal Court of Justice The Federal Court of Justice ( , ) is the highest court of Private law, civil and Criminal law, criminal jurisdiction in Germany. Its primary responsibility is the final appellate review of decisions by lower courts for errors of law. While, le ...
2005-2009


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bad Bruckenau Bad Kissingen (district) Spa towns in Germany