An ADE model is a genetic model for

twin studies Twin studies are studies conducted on identical or fraternal twins. They aim to reveal the importance of environmental and genetic influences for traits, phenotypes, and disorders. Twin research is considered a key tool in behavioral genetics a ...

which includes dominance genetic effects. Biometrical genetic modeling of twin or other family data can be used to decompose the variance of an observed response or

phenotype In genetics, the phenotype () is the set of observable characteristics or traits of an organism. The term covers the organism's morphology or physical form and structure, its developmental processes, its biochemical and physiological proper ...

into genetic and

environmental A biophysical environment is a biotic and abiotic surrounding of an organism or population, and consequently includes the factors that have an influence in their survival, development, and evolution. A biophysical environment can vary in scale f ...

components. Convenient parametrizations requiring few random effects allow such models to be estimated using widely available

software Software is a set of computer programs and associated documentation and data. This is in contrast to hardware, from which the system is built and which actually performs the work. At the lowest programming level, executable code consists ...

for linear mixed models (continuous phenotypes) or generalized linear mixed models (categorical phenotypes). ''A'' stands for ''additive'' genetic effects, ''D'' for non-additive genetic (or ''dominance'') effects, and ''E'' for nonshared ''environment'' effects.Douglas A. Raynor ''et al''. (2002). "Covariation of Psychosocial Characteristics Associated With Cardiovascular Disease: Genetic and Environmental Influences".

References

Twin studies Quantitative genetics {{genetics-stub

See also

References