The Kobo eReader is an

e-reader An e-reader, also called an e reader or e device, is a Mobile computing, mobile electronic device that is designed primarily for the purpose of reading digital e-books and Periodical literature, periodicals. Any device that can display text on ...

produced by

Toronto Toronto ( , locally pronounced or ) is the List of the largest municipalities in Canada by population, most populous city in Canada. It is the capital city of the Provinces and territories of Canada, Canadian province of Ontario. With a p ...

-based

Kobo Inc Rakuten Kobo Inc., or simply Kobo, is a Canadian company that sells ebooks, audiobooks, e-readers and formerly tablet computers. It is headquartered in Toronto, Ontario, Canada and is a subsidiary of the Japanese e-commerce conglomerate Rakute ...

(a subsidiary of

Rakuten is a Japanese technology conglomerate based in Tokyo, founded by Hiroshi Mikitani in 1997. Centered around the online retail marketplace Rakuten Ichiba, its businesses include financial services utilizing Fintech, digital content and communi ...

). The company's name is an

anagram An anagram is a word or phrase formed by rearranging the letters of a different word or phrase, typically using all the original letters exactly once. For example, the word ''anagram'' itself can be rearranged into the phrase "nag a ram"; which ...

of "book". The original version was released in May 2010 and was marketed as a minimalist alternative to the more expensive

e-book An ebook (short for electronic book), also spelled as e-book or eBook, is a book publication made available in electronic form, consisting of text, images, or both, readable on the flat-panel display of computers or other electronic devices. Al ...

readers available at the time. Like most

s, the Kobo uses an electronic ink screen.. The Arc tablet series, released between 2011 and 2013, was based on LCD technology instead.

E-ink devices

Current

Common attributes

All Kobo e-readers share a unique pagination system which gives users the option to either count and reference pages separately within each chapter, or in the book as a whole. Up until an update in January 2022, Kobo readers required connection to the Internet during the initial setup phase and did not work until they were connected to Kobo's servers; however, they now support "sideload mode", which allows the reader to be used without registering it to a Kobo account. Kobo e-readers support viewing KEPUB (Kobo's proprietary ebook format based on the

EPUB EPUB is an e-book file format that uses the ".epub" file extension. The term is short for ''electronic publication'' and is sometimes stylized as ''ePUB''. EPUB is supported by many e-readers, and compatible software is available for most smart ...

format), EPUB,

Adobe PDF Portable document format (PDF), standardized as ISO 32000, is a file format developed by Adobe in 1992 to present documents, including text formatting and images, in a manner independent of application software, hardware, and operating system ...

plain text In computing, plain text is a loose term for data (e.g. file contents) that represent only characters of readable material but not its graphical representation nor other objects ( floating-point numbers, images, etc.). It may also include a lim ...

HTML Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is the standard markup language for documents designed to be displayed in a web browser. It defines the content and structure of web content. It is often assisted by technologies such as Cascading Style Sheets ( ...

, and unprotected

Mobipocket Mobipocket SA was a French company incorporated in March 2000 that created the .mobi e-book file format and produced the Mobipocket Reader software for mobile phones, personal digital assistants (PDA) and desktop operating systems. The Mobipock ...

(MOBI, PRC) e-books. Some also support other formats, such as ZIM, unofficially.

Kobo Elipsa 2E

The Kobo Elipsa 2E was released on 19 April 2023. It has a 10.3-inch E-Ink display at 1404 x 1872 pixels with a density of 227 ppi, 32 GB of Rom, 2 GHz CPU, WiFi 802.11 ac/b/g/n, Bluetooth, USB-C, and an updated stylus.

Kobo Clara BW

The Kobo Clara BW was released in April 2024. It is one of the first Kobo devices marketed as repairable, and the first with a Carta 1300 display. Its accessory covers are compatible with the Kobo Clara Colour. An updated model with the number "P365" was released in April 2025.

Kobo Clara Colour

The Kobo Clara Colour was released in April 2024. It is also marketed as repairable, and has a color Kaleido 3 display. Its accessory covers are compatible with the Kobo Clara BW.

Kobo Libra Colour

The Kobo Libra Colour was released in April 2024. It is marketed as repairable, with a 7-inch Kaleido 3 display and support for the Kobo Stylus 2 in all applications.

Discontinued

Kobo eReader

Kobo Inc. announced its first e-reader on 24 March 2010, at the

CTIA CTIA may refer to: * Color Television Interface Adaptor, a custom chip inside early Atari 8-bit computers * CTIA (organization), a trade association representing the wireless communications industry in the United States * Cape Town International A ...

show.. The device was officially released on 1 May 2010.. It had expandable memory, holding an additional 4 GB via an SD slot and limited wireless connectivity via

Bluetooth Bluetooth is a short-range wireless technology standard that is used for exchanging data between fixed and mobile devices over short distances and building personal area networks (PANs). In the most widely used mode, transmission power is li ...

to select Blackberry wireless devices. It was available in black or white and came preloaded with 100 public domain books. It was manufactured by Netronix Inc., a

Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia. The main geography of Taiwan, island of Taiwan, also known as ''Formosa'', lies between the East China Sea, East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocea ...

based company with factories in Taiwan and

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. With population of China, a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the list of countries by population (United Nations), second-most populous country after ...

. The pricing strategy of the original Kobo, at US$149, was to rival the

Amazon Kindle Amazon Kindle is a series of e-readers designed and marketed by Amazon. Amazon Kindle devices enable users to browse, buy, download, and read e-books, newspapers, magazines, Audible audiobooks, and other digital media via wireless networking ...

, which was US$110 more expensive. However, in June 2010, just after the Kobo was released, Amazon dropped the price of the Kindle to US$189. Its pricing strategy in Australia was similarly aggressive where it was available for A$199, again A$100 less than the Kindle.

Borders A border is a geographical boundary. Border, borders, The Border or The Borders may also refer to: Arts, entertainment and media Film and television * ''Border'' (1997 film), an Indian Hindi-language war film * ''Border'' (2018 Swedish film), ...

Australia said that they hoped to sell high volumes of the Kobo to drive up sales at their e-content store. The original Kobo received a mediocre review from CNET. The review said that, while the Kobo was compact, lightweight and affordable, the lack of

Wi-Fi Wi-Fi () is a family of wireless network protocols based on the IEEE 802.11 family of standards, which are commonly used for Wireless LAN, local area networking of devices and Internet access, allowing nearby digital devices to exchange data by ...

or 3G made it outdated, especially when there were similarly priced eReaders available with those features. In December 2010, the original Kobo's feature set was updated with a firmware update to more closely match the Wifi model.

Kobo Wi-Fi

A new model with

capability was released on 15 October 2010. It included an improved processor, screen, and new colour choices (porcelain/metallic silver, porcelain/pearlized lilac, and onyx). The SD expansion had been improved to claim a capacity for up to 10,000 books with a 32 GB SD card. Other improvements included a longer battery life and a built-in dictionary. Like the original model, the Wi-Fi model came pre-loaded with 100 public domain books.

Kobo Touch

The

Kobo Touch The Kobo Touch (also called the "Kobo Touch eReader") is the third generation of the Kobo e-reader device designed by Kobo Inc. It was revealed on 23 May 2011 and was released in the U.S. on 10 June 2011 at a price of $129.99. The Kobo Touch 2 ...

was released in June 2011. It introduced an infrared 6-inch touchscreen interface. Other improvements compared to the Kobo Wi-Fi included an E Ink Pearl screen, a faster processor capable of PDF panning,

802.11n IEEE 802.11n-2009, or 802.11n, is a wireless-networking standard that uses multiple antennas to increase data rates. The Wi-Fi Alliance has also retroactively labelled the technology for the standard as Wi-Fi 4. It standardized support for multi ...

capability, and reduced size and weight.

Kobo Glo

The Kobo Glo was an e-reader released on 6 September 2012. It was a front-lit, touch-based E Ink reader. The Kobo Glo supported most ebook standards, including

. It had a 6-inch touchscreen, 1024 × 768 resolution, 213

ppi PPI may refer to: Science and technology Biochemistry * PPi, the anion P2O74−, a pyrophosphate * Polyproline I helix * Protein–protein interaction Medicine * Patient and public involvement * Prepulse inhibition, of a later pulse * Proton-pump ...

, 6.53 oz, 2 GB of storage, and supported

microSD Secure Digital (SD) is a proprietary hardware, proprietary, non-volatile memory, non-volatile, flash memory card format developed by the SD Association (SDA). Owing to their compact size, SD cards have been widely adopted in a variety of port ...

Kobo Mini

The Kobo Mini was smaller, at 5-inch, and lighter than standard ebook readers. It was released on 6 September 2012. It had 2 GB internal storage and Wi-Fi. The 5"

E Ink E Ink (electronic ink) is a brand of electronic paper (e-paper) display technology commercialized by the E Ink Corporation, which was co-founded in 1997 by MIT undergraduates JD Albert and Barrett Comiskey, MIT Media Lab professor Joseph Jacobs ...

Vizplex screen had a resolution of 800 x 600 with 200

Kobo Aura HD

The Aura HD was a limited-edition device released on 25 April 2013. It had a 6.8-inch E Ink display, with a high resolution of 1440 × 1080 with 265 ppi. It was 8.47 oz and had a microSD expansion slot. Other improvements compared to the Kobo Touch included a built-in "ComfortLight" LED light, a faster processor (1 GHz), twice the onboard storage (4 GB), and twice the battery life (estimated at two months).

Kobo Aura

The Kobo Aura is the baseline e-reader with a 6-inch

ClarityScreen display with 1024 × 768 resolution, 16-level grey scale, and a built-in LED front-light. It has 4 GB storage, weighs 173 g (6.1 oz), has two months of battery life, a Freescale i.MX507 1 GHz processor, and a microSD expansion slot. It was released in September 2013.

Kobo Aura H₂O

The Aura H₂O, released on 1 October 2014, was the second commercial waterproof e-reader. It had an upgraded version of the Aura HD's 6.8-inch E Ink Carta display with a resolution of 1440 × 1080 with 265 ppi. While its screen was improved over the Aura HD, it contained the same processor, on-board storage, and software as the Aura HD, and had dust/waterproofing – certified to be immersed for up to 30 minutes in up to 1 meter of water with its port cover closed.

Kobo Glo HD

The Kobo Glo HD, released on 1 May 2015, is an e-reader with an E Ink Carta screen and is the successor to 2012's Glo. It has 4gb of storage. It has a 6-inch screen in a resolution of 1448 × 1072, or 300 ppi, matching the resolution of the

Kindle Voyage Amazon Kindle is a series of e-readers designed and marketed by Amazon. Amazon Kindle devices enable users to browse, buy, download, and read e-books, newspapers, magazines, Audible audiobooks, and other digital media via wireless networking ...

Kobo Touch 2.0

The Kobo Touch 2.0 was released on 8 September 2015, as an entry-level e-reader with an E Ink Pearl 6-inch display with a resolution of 800×600 and 167 ppi. The exterior is similar in appearance to the Kobo Glo HD and it has a 1 GHz Freescale i.MX6 Solo Lite Processor and 4 GB of internal storage.

Kobo Aura One

The Kobo Aura One was released on 6 September 2016, and it is the first e-reader with a 7.8-inch E Ink Carta HD waterproof

touchscreen A touchscreen (or touch screen) is a type of electronic visual display, display that can detect touch input from a user. It consists of both an input device (a touch panel) and an output device (a visual display). The touch panel is typically l ...

display with a 300 ppi screen. The Aura One weighs 252 grams and measures 195 by 138.5 by 6.9 mm. It has Wi-Fi, 8 GB internal storage, and 512 MB RAM. The Aura One is lit by nine white LEDs and eight

RGB The RGB color model is an additive color model in which the red, green, and blue primary colors of light are added together in various ways to reproduce a broad array of colors. The name of the model comes from the initials of the three ...

LEDs around the frame. The additional RGB LEDs allow the device to have a night reading mode that limits the blue light that comes from white LEDs. The Aura One was the first Kobo eReader with built-in OverDrive support.

Kobo Aura Edition 2

The Kobo Aura Edition 2 was released with the Kobo Aura One in September 2016 as "a refreshed version of a beloved classic". It has a 6-inch E Ink Carta display with a resolution of 1024 × 768 at 212 ppi. The exterior styling is similar to the Kobo Aura One. Unlike the original Kobo Aura, there is no MicroSD slot. The specifications are otherwise similar to the original Kobo Aura.

Kobo Aura H₂O Edition 2

The Kobo Aura H₂O Edition 2 was released in May 2017. It has a 6.8-inch E Ink HD Carta waterproof IPX8 display at 265 ppi. Its LED light, called the "ComfortLight PRO", can automatically reduce blue-light exposure during the night to lower the screen's effect on sleep.

Kobo Clara HD

The Clara HD was released on 5 June 2018. It has a 6-inch, 300 ppi screen.

Kobo Forma

The Kobo Forma was released in November 2018. It has an 8-inch, 300 ppi E-Ink display that can be held by right- and left-handed people, and it can be flipped horizontally. It has physical page up and page down buttons to flip pages.

Kobo Libra H₂O

Kobo Libra H₂O was released on 15 September 2019. The Libra features a 7-inch E Ink Carta HD display with a resolution of 1,680 x 1,264 and 300 ppi.

Kobo Nia

The Kobo Nia was released on 21 July 2020. It has a 6-inch E-Ink display at 1024 x 758 pixels, with a density of 212 ppi.

Kobo Libra 2

The Libra 2 was released in October 2021. The Kobo Sage and Kobo Libra 2 are the first Kobo ereaders to come with Bluetooth support; thus, audiobooks can be played from the e-reader with the use of an external Bluetooth speaker. The Kobo Libra 2 is upgraded with USB-C over the previous standard, Micro-USB. The Libra 2 features a 7-inch E-ink Carta 1200 display with 1680 x 1264 resolution and 300 ppi. It has 32 GB of storage.

Kobo Clara 2E

The Clara 2E was released in September 2022. It has a 6-inch E-Ink display with 1448 x 1072 resolution and 300 ppi, and the exterior is made with 85% recycled plastics.

Chronological overview

Market share

Global

Canada

The Kobo e-reading platform was, as of January 2012, the best-selling in Canada. Research firm

Ipsos-Reid Ipsos Reid was the name of a Canada-based research company, still existing under the name Ipsos as the Canadian arm of the global Ipsos Group. Founded in Winnipeg in 1979 as the Angus Reid Group, the company expanded across the country and was pu ...

estimating that Kobo e-readers represented 46% of the Canadian market.

France

As of spring 2012, Kobo had 50% of the market share in France.

Other countries

In August 2013, Kobo was the second largest ebook retailer in Japan; further, ''

Forbes ''Forbes'' () is an American business magazine founded by B. C. Forbes in 1917. It has been owned by the Hong Kong–based investment group Integrated Whale Media Investments since 2014. Its chairman and editor-in-chief is Steve Forbes. The co ...

'' estimated it at 3% of the market share in the United States.

Selected subsidiaries

In October 2012, Kobo Inc. acquired the digital publishing platform

Aquafadas Rakuten DX is a software company specialising in no-code development platforms to build mobile apps for smartphones, tablets and web designed for enterprises and digital publishers. Headquartered in Montpellier, France, Rakuten DX is a major sub ...

to increase the content available on its e-reader devices.

Software

The firmware updates from Kobo are unencrypted and a wide variety of patches can be applied to them to alter the built-in functionality. A few open source applications can be installed on Kobo eReaders. This includes KoReader.

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Kobo eReader Dedicated ebook devices Electronic paper technology

eReader An e-reader, also called an e reader or e device, is a mobile electronic device that is designed primarily for the purpose of reading digital e-books and periodicals. Any device that can display text on a screen may act as an e-reader; however ...

Computer-related introductions in 2010