Arandas is a

municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having municipal corporation, corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality' ...

of the Altos Sur region of the

state State most commonly refers to: * State (polity), a centralized political organization that regulates law and society within a territory **Sovereign state, a sovereign polity in international law, commonly referred to as a country **Nation state, a ...

Jalisco Jalisco, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Jalisco, is one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, comprise the 32 Political divisions of Mexico, Federal Entities of Mexico. It is located in western Mexico and is bordered by s ...

Mexico Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin America, and borders the United States to the north, and Guatemala and Belize to the southeast; while having maritime boundar ...

. Arandas is also the name of the municipality's main township and the center of the municipal government. The city centre is located approximately 86 miles (138 km) east of

Guadalajara Guadalajara ( ; ) is the capital and the most populous city in the western Mexican List of states of Mexico, state of Jalisco, as well as the most densely populated municipality in Jalisco. According to the 2020 census, the city has a population ...

, the state capital. Arandas is accessible to residents of Guadalajara by the

Mexican Federal Highway 80D Federal Highway 80D is the designation for toll highways paralleling Mexican Federal Highway 80. There are two such roads, one between Zapotlanejo and Lagos de Moreno, Jalisco and the other connecting Lagos de Moreno to San Luis Potosí City. Z ...

and Jalisco

State Highway A state highway, state road, or state route (and the equivalent provincial highway, provincial road, or provincial route) is usually a road that is either Route number, numbered or maintained by a sub-national state or province. A road numbered ...

314. The population of the town of Arandas was 59,648 as of the 2020

census A census (from Latin ''censere'', 'to assess') is the procedure of systematically acquiring, recording, and calculating population information about the members of a given Statistical population, population, usually displayed in the form of stati ...

. The town's main plaza is named

Plaza Hidalgo Plaza Hidalgo is an urban plaza in Colonia (Mexico), colonia 5 de Diciembre, in Puerto Vallarta, in the Mexican state of Jalisco. Neighboring the Parroquia Nuestra Señora del Refugio, the plaza is named after Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, leader of ...

after

Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla Don Miguel Gregorio Antonio Ignacio Hidalgo y Costilla Gallaga Mandarte y Villaseñor (8 May 1753 – 30 July 1811), commonly known as Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla or simply Miguel Hidalgo (), was a Catholic priest, leader of the Mexican War ...

, known as the father of Mexico's war of independence. The municipality's population as of the census of 2015 was 77,116 and its area was 949.9 km² (366.8 sq mi); however, both of these figures have been significantly reduced since 2007 with the creation of the municipality of

San Ignacio Cerro Gordo San Ignacio Cerro Gordo is a municipality in Jalisco, Mexico Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin America, and borders the United States to the north, and Guatem ...

from the western part of what was formerly part of the Arandas municipality. San Ignacio Cerro Gordo was the second-largest community in the municipality before the split, with a population of 9,485 inhabitants, but the largest remaining community besides the city of Arandas is Santa María del Valle, with a population of 4,285 (2020 census). Arandas is situated on the

Mesa Central The Central Mexican Plateau, also known as the Mexican Altiplano (), is a large arid-to-semiarid plateau that occupies much of northern and central Mexico. Averaging above sea level, it extends from the United States border in the north to the T ...

at an elevation of 6,762 feet (2,061 metres). Arandas is commonly known among Mexicans as the commercial and manufacturing centre for agricultural products (typically beans and wheat) and its pastoral environment, which allows the city to produce various commercial products such as

linseed oil Linseed oil, also known as flaxseed oil or flax oil (in its edible form), is a colorless to yellowish oil obtained from the dried, ripened seeds of the flax plant (''Linum usitatissimum''). The oil is obtained by pressing, sometimes followed by ...

tequila Tequila (; ) is a liquor, distilled beverage made from the blue agave plant, primarily in the area surrounding the city of Tequila, Jalisco, Tequila northwest of Guadalajara, Jalisco, Guadalajara, and in the Jaliscan Highlands (''Los Altos (Jal ...

pottery Pottery is the process and the products of forming vessels and other objects with clay and other raw materials, which are fired at high temperatures to give them a hard and durable form. The place where such wares are made by a ''potter'' is al ...

, woollen blankets, and

straw hat A straw hat is a wide-brimmed hat woven out of straw or straw-like synthetic materials. Straw hats are a type of sun hat designed to shade the head and face from direct sunlight, but are also used in fashion as a decorative element or a ...

Local toponymy

The name is derived from the original name the existing population received during the 17th century: Santa María de Guadalupe de los Aranda, which was derived from the last name Aranda, one of the founding families; along with Camarena and Hernández Gamiño.

History

Originally, the region was barely inhabited by the

Chichimeca Chichimeca () is the name that the Nahua peoples of Mexico generically applied to nomadic and semi-nomadic peoples who were established in present-day Bajío region of Mexico. Chichimeca carried the same meaning as the Roman term "barbarian" tha ...

and the

Purépecha people The Purépecha ( ) are a group of Indigenous peoples of Mexico, Indigenous people centered in the northwestern region of Michoacán, Mexico, mainly in the area of the cities of Cherán and Pátzcuaro. They are also known by the derogatory term ...

. To show the origin of this community more extensively, the past was excavated and information was linked together until reaching its institutional origin that dates to July 2, 1544, the year that both

New Spain New Spain, officially the Viceroyalty of New Spain ( ; Nahuatl: ''Yankwik Kaxtillan Birreiyotl''), originally the Kingdom of New Spain, was an integral territorial entity of the Spanish Empire, established by Habsburg Spain. It was one of several ...

's viceroy Don Antonio de Mendoza, as the governor of Nueva Galicia Francisco Vázquez de Coronado, they gave in a series of land bonds to Spanish captain Juan de Villaseñor y Orozco, which by its vast land area became a large estate (40.000 square km) achieved due to his enormous labour both, in the early days of the conquest, as well as a reward for his great strategies during the Mixton war. On November 14, 1824, Arandas became part of the Atotonilco department. On April 8, 1844, the council was established. On July 9, 1875, Arandas became elevated to municipality status and on September 17, it was raised to town status, but belonged to the La Barca department. On August 23, 1969, Arandas became recognized as a city by then

governor of Jalisco The following is a list of governors of the Mexican state of Jalisco from 1821. The current Constitution indicates a term of six years in length, which cannot be renewed under any circumstances. It also stipulates the qualifications for becoming ...

, Francisco Medina Ascencio. From 1926 to 1929, the

Cristero War The Cristero War (), also known as the Cristero Rebellion or , was a widespread struggle in central and western Mexico from 3 August 1926 to 21 June 1929 in response to the implementation of secularism, secularist and anti-clericalism, anticler ...

took place and Arandas was a focal during the war because of the strong religious sentiments of the population. The crater Arandas, on the planet

Mars Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun. It is also known as the "Red Planet", because of its orange-red appearance. Mars is a desert-like rocky planet with a tenuous carbon dioxide () atmosphere. At the average surface level the atmosph ...

, was named after the city since 1976, when the

International Astronomical Union The International Astronomical Union (IAU; , UAI) is an international non-governmental organization (INGO) with the objective of advancing astronomy in all aspects, including promoting astronomical research, outreach, education, and developmen ...

agreed to put it in honour of the city. Arandas Crater is estimated to be 24.8 km (15.4 miles) in diameter. Arandas is located within the

Mare Acidalium Quadrangle The Mare Acidalium quadrangle is one of a series of list of quadrangles on Mars, 30 quadrangle maps of Mars used by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Astrogeology Research Program. The Quadrangle (geography), quadrangle is located in t ...

to the Northeast of

Chryse Planitia Chryse Planitia (Greek, "''Golden Plain''") is a smooth circular plain in the northern equatorial region of Mars close to the Tharsis region to the west, centered at . Chryse Planitia lies partially in the Lunae Palus quadrangle, partially in t ...

in the Northern Plains of Mars and is one of the classic examples of a double-layered ejecta crater. The Arandas crater was one of the first DLE craters studied following the start of the

Viking Orbiter Vikings were seafaring people originally from Scandinavia (present-day Denmark, Norway, and Sweden), who from the late 8th to the late 11th centuries raided, pirated, traded, and settled throughout parts of Europe.Roesdahl, pp. 9� ...

missions in the late 1970s.

Demography

According to the 2005 Second Count of Population and Housing, the city has 80,193 inhabitants, of which 38,171 are males and 42,022 are women; 0.56% of the population are of

Indigenous Indigenous may refer to: *Indigenous peoples *Indigenous (ecology) In biogeography, a native species is indigenous to a given region or ecosystem if its presence in that region is the result of only local natural evolution (though often populari ...

backgrounds. In 2015, the population in Arandas was composed of 49% men and 51% women. The city has seen a sharp demographic rise in recent years to its growing agricultural sector and economic opportunities. Compared to 2010, the population in Arandas increased by 10.7%. Around 60% of the population is of European origin mostly of Spanish and French descent. The Municipality has an Afro-Descendant population of 599, approximately 0.78% of the city's population, this population descends from victims of the slave trade in Latin America perpetuated by the New Spanish regime. The age range of Arandas residents that concentrates the largest population were 15 to 19 years (7,738 inhabitants), 5 to 9 years (7,441 inhabitants), and 10 to 14 years (7,321 inhabitants). Among them, they concentrated 27.9% of the total population.

Diversity of the person of reference or head of the household

According to data from the Population Census 2020, 22.8k dwellings were registered, with an average of 3.4 individuals per household. Of these, 31.4% are homes where the person of reference is a woman and 68.6% corresponds to homes where the person of reference is a man. Regarding the age ranges of the person of reference, 11.9% of the dwellings are concentrated heads of households between 35 and 39 years.

Languages

The principal and

main language '' '' A national language is a language (or language variant, e.g. dialect) that has some connection— de facto or de jure—with a nation. The term is applied quite differently in various contexts. One or more languages spoken as first languag ...

of Arandas is

Spanish Spanish might refer to: * Items from or related to Spain: **Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain **Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many countries in the Americas **Spanish cuisine **Spanish history **Spanish culture ...

, it is the language of trade and commerce in addition to the language most commonly spoken in the everyday lives of residents. The number of speakers of

indigenous languages An indigenous language, or autochthonous language, is a language that is native to a region and spoken by its indigenous peoples. Indigenous languages are not necessarily national languages but they can be; for example, Aymara is both an indigeno ...

has declined since the

colonial era Colonial period (a period in a country's history where it was subject to management by a colonial power) may refer to: Continents *European colonization of the Americas * Colonisation of Africa * Western imperialism in Asia Countries * Col ...

through

genocide Genocide is violence that targets individuals because of their membership of a group and aims at the destruction of a people. Raphael Lemkin, who first coined the term, defined genocide as "the destruction of a nation or of an ethnic group" by ...

cultural assimilation Cultural assimilation is the process in which a minority group or culture comes to resemble a society's Dominant culture, majority group or fully adopts the values, behaviors, and beliefs of another group. The melting pot model is based on this ...

and policies enacted by the

Spanish Empire The Spanish Empire, sometimes referred to as the Hispanic Monarchy (political entity), Hispanic Monarchy or the Catholic Monarchy, was a colonial empire that existed between 1492 and 1976. In conjunction with the Portuguese Empire, it ushered ...

and

. However, some indigenous languages continue to be spoken within Arandas and the Greater Los Altos region. The population that's able to fluently speak one indigenous language was 261 inhabitants, which corresponds to 0.32% of the total population of Arandas. The most widely spoken indigenous dialects were

Tzeltal Tzeltal may refer to: * Tzeltal people, an ethnic group of Mexico * Tzeltal language, the Mayan language they speak {{Disambiguation ...

(233 inhabitants),

Náhuatl Nahuatl ( ; ), Aztec, or Mexicano is a language or, by some definitions, a group of languages of the Uto-Aztecan language family. Varieties of Nahuatl are spoken by about Nahuas, most of whom live mainly in Central Mexico and have smaller pop ...

(10 inhabitants), Zapoteco (9 inhabitants) and Tarasco (9 inhabitants).

Purépecha The Purépecha ( ) are a group of Indigenous people centered in the northwestern region of Michoacán, Mexico, mainly in the area of the cities of Cherán and Pátzcuaro. They are also known by the derogatory term " Tarascan", an exonym, app ...

speakers also exist within the city, although the official number is unknown. These speakers descend from the

Tzeltal Tzeltal may refer to: * Tzeltal people, an ethnic group of Mexico * Tzeltal language, the Mayan language they speak {{Disambiguation ...

Nahuas The Nahuas ( ) are a Uto-Nahuan ethnicity and one of the Indigenous people of Mexico, with Nahua minorities also in El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica. They comprise the largest Indigenous group in Mexico, as well as ...

, Zapotec,

and Tarasco people that have inhabited the Jalisco province since the

Pre-Columbian era In the history of the Americas, the pre-Columbian era, also known as the pre-contact era, or as the pre-Cabraline era specifically in Brazil, spans from the initial peopling of the Americas in the Upper Paleolithic to the onset of European col ...

. Many European languages are also spoken within the city as around 60% of the population is of European origin mostly of

and French descent.

Immigration

Immigration to the Los Altos de Jalisco region of Mexico has increased due to the rising economic opportunities that the region gives. Arandas specifically, is a rising residence for immigrants due to its proximity to

, the

state capital Below is an index of pages containing lists of capital city, capital cities. National capitals *List of national capitals *List of national capitals by latitude *List of national capitals by population *List of national capitals by area *List of ...

and the seventh-largest city in Mexico. The largest number of migrants who entered Arandas in the last 5 years came from the United States (338 people), Canada (30 people), and

South Korea South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia. It constitutes the southern half of the Korea, Korean Peninsula and borders North Korea along the Korean Demilitarized Zone, with the Yellow Sea to the west and t ...

(18 people). The main causes of migration to Arandas in recent years were family (191 people), labour (95 people), and living place (38 people).

Inequality

The

Gini coefficient In economics, the Gini coefficient ( ), also known as the Gini index or Gini ratio, is a measure of statistical dispersion intended to represent the income distribution, income inequality, the wealth distribution, wealth inequality, or the ...

of Arandas is 0.41. The Gini coefficient or Gini index is a statistical measure designed to represent the

income distribution In economics, income distribution covers how a country's total GDP is distributed amongst its population. Economic theory and economic policy have long seen income and its distribution as a central concern. Unequal distribution of income causes e ...

of the inhabitants, specifically, the

inequality Inequality may refer to: * Inequality (mathematics), a relation between two quantities when they are different. * Economic inequality, difference in economic well-being between population groups ** Income inequality, an unequal distribution of i ...

between them. Indices closer to 0, represent more equity among its inhabitants, while values close to 1, express maximum inequity among its population. This makes Arandas one of the municipalities in Jalisco with the lowest

social inequality Social inequality occurs when resources within a society are distributed unevenly, often as a result of inequitable allocation practices that create distinct unequal patterns based on socially defined categories of people. Differences in acce ...

. In 2015, in Jalisco, the municipalities with the lowest social inequality, according to the GINI index, were: Tonila (0.359), Tonaya (0.363),

Acatlán de Juárez Acatlán de Juárez is a town and municipality, in Jalisco in central-western Mexico. The municipality covers an area of 154 km². As of 2005, the municipality had a total population of 22,540. History The first settlers in the region we ...

(0.366),

Ixtlahuacán de los Membrillos Ixtlahuacán de los Membrillos is a town and municipality in Jalisco in central-western Mexico. The municipality covers an area of 184.25 km². It is located north of the Chapala municipality. In 2005, the municipality had a total population ...

(0.372), and San Gabriel (0.374). On the other hand, the municipalities with less social equality by this metric were:

Mezquitic Mezquitic Municipality is a municipality in the north of the state of Jalisco, Mexico, being the largest municipality in Jalisco. It is bordered to the north east and west by the state of Zacatecas. It also shares its northern border with Huejuq ...

(0.640), Bolaños (0.532), Villa Guerrero (0.468), Quitupan (0.458), and Huejuquilla el Alto (0.457).

Economy

The economy of Arandas is centred around the production of goods and services, particularly the production of agricultural goods. Arandas has had unprecedented

macroeconomic Macroeconomics is a branch of economics that deals with the performance, structure, behavior, and decision-making of an economy as a whole. This includes regional, national, and global economies. Macroeconomists study topics such as output/ GDP ...

stability, with one of the highest

per capita income Per capita income (PCI) or average income measures the average income earned per person in a given area (city, region, country, etc.) in a specified year. In many countries, per capita income is determined using regular population surveys, such ...

s of Jalisco municipalities, especially with the Los Altos Region. The International sales of Arandas in 2020 totalled US$4.41M, -0.37% less than the previous year. According to data from the Economic Census 2019, the

economic sector One classical breakdown of economic activity distinguishes three sectors: * Primary: involves the retrieval and production of raw materials, such as corn, coal, wood or iron. Miners, farmers and fishermen are all workers in the primary sect ...

s that concentrated the most economic units in Arandas were

Retail Trade Retail is the sale of goods and services to consumers, in contrast to wholesaling, which is the sale to business or institutional customers. A retailer purchases goods in large quantities from manufacturers, directly or through a wholesale ...

(1,991 units), Other Services except Government Activities (662 units), and Temporary Accommodation and Food Preparation and Drinks (507 units).

Main imports and exports

The products with the highest level of international sales in 2020 were Plastics Articles for the Conveyance or Packing of Goods (US$3.71M), Containers of Glass of a Kind Used for the Conveyance or Packing of Goods (US$590k), and Boxes, Sacks, Bags and other Paper Packaging (US$66.9k). International purchases of Arandas in 2020 were US$2.45M, -81.8% less than the previous year. The products with the highest level of international purchases in 2020 were Machinery and Apparatus for Soldering, Brazing, Welding, Gas-Operated Surface Tempering Machines and Appliances (US$694k), Machinery and Mechanical Appliances Having Individual Functions, not Specified Elsewhere (US$472k), and Labels of all Kinds, Paper or Paperboard, whether or not Printed (US$302k). As of June 2021, the annual international sales of Arandas totalled US$19.2M and the international purchases totalled US$4.96M, a balance of US$14.24M.

International sales destinations and purchases

The main international sales destinations in 2020 were the

United States The United States of America (USA), also known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It is a federal republic of 50 U.S. state, states and a federal capital district, Washington, D.C. The 48 ...

(US$4.24M),

Nicaragua Nicaragua, officially the Republic of Nicaragua, is the geographically largest Sovereign state, country in Central America, comprising . With a population of 7,142,529 as of 2024, it is the third-most populous country in Central America aft ...

(US$127k), and

El Salvador El Salvador, officially the Republic of El Salvador, is a country in Central America. It is bordered on the northeast by Honduras, on the northwest by Guatemala, and on the south by the Pacific Ocean. El Salvador's capital and largest city is S ...

(US$27.5k) while the main countries of origin of international purchases in 2020 were

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. With population of China, a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the list of countries by population (United Nations), second-most populous country after ...

(US$921k),

Belgium Belgium, officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe. Situated in a coastal lowland region known as the Low Countries, it is bordered by the Netherlands to the north, Germany to the east, Luxembourg to the southeas ...

(US$618k), and the

(US$568k).

Foreign direct investment

Jalisco, particularly the

Los Altos de Jalisco The Altos de Jalisco, or the Jaliscan Highlands, is a geographic and cultural region in the eastern part of the Mexican state of Jalisco, famed as a bastion of Mexican culture, cradling traditions from Tequila production to ''Charrería'' equest ...

subregion (which includes Arandas), has received a lot of

Foreign Direct Investment A foreign direct investment (FDI) is an ownership stake in a company, made by a foreign investor, company, or government from another country. More specifically, it describes a controlling ownership an asset in one country by an entity based i ...

in the 21st century. In the period January to June 2021, FDI in Jalisco reached US$875M, distributed in reinvestment of earnings (US$542M), inter-company debts (US$202M), and equity capital (US$131M). From January 1999 and June 2021, Jalisco accumulates a total of US$625B in FDI, distributed in equity capital (US$15.4B), reinvestment of earnings (US$10.3B), and inter-company debts (US$8.85B). From January to June de 2021, the main origin countries of FDI in Jalisco were

(US$301M),

United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Northwestern Europe, off the coast of European mainland, the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...

(US$209M), and

Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its Provinces and territories of Canada, ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, making it the world's List of coun ...

(US$90.2M). Between January 1999 and June 2021, the countries that have contributed the most to FDI are the United States (US$17.6B),

Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to the north and the Alps to the south. Its sixteen States of Germany, constituent states have a total popu ...

(US$2.98B), and

Spain Spain, or the Kingdom of Spain, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe with territories in North Africa. Featuring the Punta de Tarifa, southernmost point of continental Europe, it is the largest country in Southern Eur ...

(US$2.9B).

Poverty

In 2015, 38.9% of the population was in a situation of moderate poverty and 2.94% in

extreme poverty Extreme poverty is the most severe type of poverty, defined by the United Nations (UN) as "a condition characterized by severe deprivation of basic human needs, including food, safe drinking water, sanitation facilities, health, shelter, ...

. The vulnerable population due to

social deprivation Social deprivation is the reduction or prevention of culturally normal interaction between an individual and the rest of society. This social deprivation is included in a broad network of correlated factors that contribute to social exclusion; the ...

reached 36.8%, while the vulnerable population by income was 5.82%. Poverty rates in Arandas have decreased substantially since 2010 but economic challenges still persist for many inhabitants. The main social deficiencies of Arandas in 2015 were deprivation of

social security Welfare spending is a type of government support intended to ensure that members of a society can meet basic human needs such as food and shelter. Social security may either be synonymous with welfare, or refer specifically to social insurance ...

, educational backwardness and deprivation of

health services Health care, or healthcare, is the improvement or maintenance of health via the preventive healthcare, prevention, diagnosis, therapy, treatment, wikt:amelioration, amelioration or cure of disease, illness, injury, and other disability, physic ...

In 2020, 0.73% (592 people) of the population in Arandas had no access to

sewage systems Sewerage (or sewage system) is the infrastructure that conveys sewage or surface runoff (stormwater, meltwater, rainwater) using sewers. It encompasses components such as receiving drains, manholes, pumping stations, storm overflows, and screen ...

, 0.96% (776 people) did not have a

water supply network A water supply network or water supply system is a system of engineered hydrologic and hydraulic components that provide water supply. A water supply system typically includes the following: # A drainage basin (see water purification – sour ...

, 0.64% (514 people) did not have a bathroom and 0.33% (266 people) did not have

electricity Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and motion of matter possessing an electric charge. Electricity is related to magnetism, both being part of the phenomenon of electromagnetism, as described by Maxwel ...

. These figures have greatly reduced since 2000, due to

economic growth In economics, economic growth is an increase in the quantity and quality of the economic goods and Service (economics), services that a society Production (economics), produces. It can be measured as the increase in the inflation-adjusted Outp ...

government spending Government spending or expenditure includes all government consumption, investment, and transfer payments. In national income accounting, the acquisition by governments of goods and services for current use, to directly satisfy the individual or ...

by the Jalisco state governments of

Francisco Javier Ramírez Acuña Francisco Javier Ramírez Acuña (born April 22, 1952) is a Mexican politician who belongs to the National Action Party (PAN). He has been Municipal President of Guadalajara, Governor of Jalisco from 2001 to 2006 and from December 1, 2006, to Ja ...

, Gerardo Octavio Solís Gómez,

Emilio González Márquez Emilio González Márquez (born 12 November 1960 in Lagos de Moreno, Jalisco) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the National Action Party (PAN). He served as Governor of Jalisco. from 2007 to 2013 Political career González was an active ...

Aristóteles Sandoval Jorge Aristóteles Sandoval Díaz (22 January 1974 – 18 December 2020) was a Mexican politician belonging to the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). He served as Governor of Jalisco from 2013 to 2018. On 18 December 2020 he was assassi ...

and

Enrique Alfaro Ramírez Enrique Alfaro Ramírez (born June 20, 1973) is a Mexican politician who was the Governor of Jalisco from 2018 to 2024. In 2009, he served as mayor of Tlajomulco de Zúñiga. He mounted his gubernatorial campaign in 2012 under the Movimiento ...

Labour

In the second quarter of 2021, the average labour participation rate in Jalisco and Arandas was 61.8%, which implied an increase of 1.15

percentage point A percentage point or percent point is the unit (measurement), unit for the difference (mathematics), arithmetic difference between two percentages. For example, moving up from 40 percent to 44 percent is an increase of 4 percentage points (altho ...

s compared to the previous quarter (60.6%). The unemployment rate was 3.36%, which implied a decrease of 0.36 percentage points compared to the previous quarter (3.72%). Aranda's rate of labour participation is 2.8% higher than the Mexican average, which as of the second quarter of 2021 is 59%. There exists a large discrepancy between male and female labour rates in Arandas and Jalisco, which is characteristic for

Mexican states A Mexican State (), officially the Free and Sovereign State (), is a constituent federative entity of Mexico according to the Constitution of Mexico. Currently there are 31 states, each with its own constitution, government, state governor, a ...

and cities. As of 2021, the labour participation rate for males is 78.7% and the rate for women is 46.5%. The unemployment rate for men in Arandas is 3.31% compared to 3.44% for women. The average monthly salary in the second quarter of 2021 was $5.48k MX, $459 MX lower than the previous quarter ($5.94k MX). The average monthly salary for formal labour was $6.13k MX and for informal labour was $4.76k MX. 52.4% of the workforce is formally employed while 47.6% are informally employed, with men earning an average of $6.06k MX per month and the average women making $4.65k MX. In Jalisco, 10% of the lowest-income households (first decile) had an average quarterly income of $15k MX in 2020, while the 10% of households with the highest income (tenth decile) had an average quarterly income of $159k MX in the same period. The occupations with the most workers during the second quarter of 2021 were Sales Employees, Dispatchers and Dependent on Trade, Traders in Stores, and Bricklayers, Stonemasons and Related.

Quality of life

Distribution of homes by amount of rooms

In 2020, most inhabited private homes had 3 and 4 rooms, 35.4% and 31%, respectively. In the same period, the inhabited private homes with 2 and 3 bedrooms, 42.2% and 26.1%, respectively.

Services and connectivity in housing

Arandas ranks highly among the Municipalities of Jalisco and Mexican Municipalities in terms of the 5 major categories that dictate the

quality of life Quality of life (QOL) is defined by the World Health Organization as "an individual's perception of their position in life in the context of the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards ...

of its residents. These five major categories include access to technologies,

entertainment Entertainment is a form of activity that holds the attention and Interest (emotion), interest of an audience or gives pleasure and delight. It can be an idea or a task, but it is more likely to be one of the activities or events that have deve ...

, availability of goods and availability of transport and

equipment Equipment most commonly refers to a set of tool A tool is an Physical object, object that can extend an individual's ability to modify features of the surrounding environment or help them accomplish a particular task. Although many Tool use by ...

. As of 2020, 53.3% of Arandas residents have access to the

internet The Internet (or internet) is the Global network, global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices. It is a internetworking, network of networks ...

, this figure is 12.3 percentage points below the world average, being 65.6%. 92% of Arandas residents have cellular devices like portable phones, a figure which ranks the city on the higher hand of Mexican municipalities, and only 0.6 percentage points below the world average. 70% of Households in Arandas have access to

television Television (TV) is a telecommunication medium for transmitting moving images and sound. Additionally, the term can refer to a physical television set rather than the medium of transmission. Television is a mass medium for advertising, ...

, far below the Mexican average of 92.7%. However, Arandas's status as a particularly

rural community Rural Sociologists have identified a number of different types of rural communities, which have arisen as a result of changing economic trends within rural regions of industrial nations. The basic trend seems to be one in which communities a ...

reduces this figure. 14.3% of households within the municipality have access to a movie service and 11% have access to a

gaming console A video game console is an electronic device that outputs a video signal or image to display a video game that can typically be played with a game controller. These may be home consoles, which are generally placed in a permanent location connect ...

. 59.3% of households have ready access to an

oven upA double oven A ceramic oven An oven is a tool that is used to expose materials to a hot environment. Ovens contain a hollow chamber and provide a means of heating the chamber in a controlled way. In use since antiquity, they have been use ...

, 89% have access to a

washing machine A washing machine (laundry machine, clothes washer, washer, or simply wash) is a machine designed to laundry, launder clothing. The term is mostly applied to machines that use water. Other ways of doing laundry include dry cleaning (which uses ...

and 94.6% of households have access to a

fridge A refrigerator, commonly shortened to fridge, is a commercial and home appliance consisting of a thermally insulated compartment and a heat pump (mechanical, electronic or chemical) that transfers heat from its inside to its external enviro ...

. Arandas's access to refrigerators is higher than the nationwide average as only 88 percent of households in Mexico had a refrigerator in use according to 2018 data. Regarding

transportation Transport (in British English) or transportation (in American English) is the intentional Motion, movement of humans, animals, and cargo, goods from one location to another. Mode of transport, Modes of transport include aviation, air, land tr ...

availability, 66.2% of households have

automobiles A car, or an automobile, is a motor vehicle with wheels. Most definitions of cars state that they run primarily on roads, Car seat, seat one to eight people, have four wheels, and mainly transport private transport#Personal transport, peopl ...

which is significantly higher than the nationwide average of 48.43%. 34.3% of Arandas's households have

motorcycle A motorcycle (motorbike, bike; uni (if one-wheeled); trike (if three-wheeled); quad (if four-wheeled)) is a lightweight private 1-to-2 passenger personal motor vehicle Steering, steered by a Motorcycle handlebar, handlebar from a saddle-style ...

s and 35.8% have

bikes A bicycle, also called a pedal cycle, bike, push-bike or cycle, is a human-powered or motor-assisted, pedal-driven, single-track vehicle, with two wheels attached to a frame, one behind the other. A is called a cyclist, or bicyclist. B ...

. Regarding access to equipment, 2.39% of houses in Arandas have

solar panel A solar panel is a device that converts sunlight into electricity by using photovoltaic (PV) cells. PV cells are made of materials that produce excited electrons when exposed to light. These electrons flow through a circuit and produce direct ...

s, 50.5% have solar water heaters and 2.35% have access to

air conditioning Air conditioning, often abbreviated as A/C (US) or air con (UK), is the process of removing heat from an enclosed space to achieve a more comfortable interior temperature, and in some cases, also controlling the humidity of internal air. Air c ...

. The Mexican air conditioning penetration rate is 16%, meaning that Arandas falls on the low end of the spectrum for Mexican cities.

Travel time

In Arandas, the average

travel time ''Travel Time'' is a Philippine television travel documentary show broadcast by GMA Network and Studio 23 Studio 23 (officially Studio 23, Inc. and stylized in all uppercase as STUDIO 23) was a Tagalog television network owned by ABS-CB ...

from home to work was 15.1 minutes and 89.8% of the population takes less than an hour to move, while 2.15% takes more than 1 hour to get to work. On the other hand, the average travel time from home to a place of study such as a school or university was 13.8 minutes, 95.4% of the population takes less than an hour to move, while 2.42% takes more than 1 hour. Arandas ranks higher than the Mexican average when it comes to travel time. 59.4% of employed Arandians arrive at work within 15 minutes or less, compared to 13.1% of Mexicans.

Means of transportation to work and school

In 2020, 60.6% of the population used

bus A bus (contracted from omnibus, with variants multibus, motorbus, autobus, etc.) is a motor vehicle that carries significantly more passengers than an average car or van, but fewer than the average rail transport. It is most commonly used ...

taxi A taxi, also known as a taxicab or simply a cab, is a type of vehicle for hire with a Driving, driver, used by a single passenger or small group of passengers, often for a non-shared ride. A taxicab conveys passengers between locations of thei ...

, or similar as the main means of transportation to work. Regarding the means of transport to go to the place of study, 81.5% of the population used bus, taxi, or similar as the main means of transportation. Buses and taxis are the most efficient mode of transport for Arandas residents as 72% of individuals who commute to work in 15 minutes or fewer use buses and taxis as modes of transportation as well as 89.4% of people that travel to school. Travellers to Arandas can commute via various state highways, such as Jalisco State Highways 323, 314, 350, 307, 341 and 351 and the Mexican Federal 15D and 80D highways.

Religion

78.78% of the population practice

Roman Catholicism The Catholic Church (), also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the List of Christian denominations by number of members, largest Christian church, with 1.27 to 1.41 billion baptized Catholics Catholic Church by country, worldwid ...

. However, there are also

Evangelicals Evangelicalism (), also called evangelical Christianity or evangelical Protestantism, is a worldwide, interdenominational movement within Protestant Christianity that emphasizes evangelism, or the preaching and spreading of the Christian g ...

(Baptists and others) as well as

Jehova's Witnesses Jehovah's Witnesses is a Christian denomination that is an outgrowth of the Bible Student movement founded by Charles Taze Russell in the nineteenth century. The denomination is nontrinitarian, millenarian, and restorationist. Russell co-fou ...

Mormons Mormons are a Religious denomination, religious and ethnocultural group, cultural group related to Mormonism, the principal branch of the Latter Day Saint movement started by Joseph Smith in upstate New York during the 1820s. After Smith's d ...

, and other religions. 20.15% of the inhabitants do not practice any religion.

Tequila production

Arandas is the main

production center in the Los Altos region, one of the two main tequila producing regions in the state of Jalisco: the other being the municipality of

Tequila, Jalisco Santiago de Tequila (; "place of tribute") is a Mexican town and municipality located in the state of Jalisco about 60 km from the city of Guadalajara. Tequila is best known as being the birthplace of the drink that bears its name, "tequila, ...

. Arandas is home to the La Alteña distillery, one of the most well-known and respected distilleries of tequila producing brands such as El Tesoro De Don Felipe. Widely renowned for using traditional production methods such as roasting

agave ''Agave'' (; ; ) is a genus of monocots native to the arid regions of the Americas. The genus is primarily known for its succulent and xerophytic species that typically form large Rosette (botany), rosettes of strong, fleshy leaves. Many plan ...

in brick ovens, without the use of flavour additives, diffusers, or

autoclave An autoclave is a machine used to carry out industrial and scientific processes requiring elevated temperature and pressure in relation to ambient pressure and/or temperature. Autoclaves are used before surgical procedures to perform steriliza ...

s employed by lesser quality brands. At the entrance of the town, there is a landmark monument that signals the entrance to the Centinela

distillery Distillation, also classical distillation, is the process of separating the component substances of a liquid mixture of two or more chemically discrete substances; the separation process is realized by way of the selective boiling of the mixt ...

(followed by another monument dedicated to the city's founder). Organically grown

for tequila is produced in the village of Agua Negra, about 16 miles from Arandas.

Facts about Arandas, Jalisco

* Tequila is one of the best-selling products in Arandas. * The most exported products from Arandas are Cazadores, Centinela, Carrera and Tapatío tequilas. * Arandas has French, Italian, and Spanish communities. * San Jose Obrero, currently the largest church in Arandas, has Romanesque- Gothic style architecture and one of the biggest bells in North America. * On July 5, 2013, construction began on a new 18-bed "regional" hospital. * A Mars Crater was named Arandas by The

in 1976 in order to bring honour to the city.

Notable people

* Juan Pablo Orozco,

Mexican footballer Mexican may refer to: Mexico and its culture *Being related to, from, or connected to the country of Mexico, in North America ** People *** Mexicans, inhabitants of the country Mexico and their descendants *** Mexica, ancient indigenous people ...

(

Club Atlético Zacatepec Zacatepec Fútbol Club is a Mexican professional football club based in Zacatepec, Morelos, that competes in Liga Premier, the third level division of Mexican football. Founded in 1948 as Club Social y Deportivo Zacatepec by workers of the Mexi ...

Ascenso MX Ascenso MX, also known as Ascenso BBVA MX for sponsorship reasons, was a professional association football league in Mexico and the second level of the Mexican football league system. Formerly known as Primera División A de México (1994–2009 ...

) *

Juan Carlos Martínez Camarena ''Juan'' is a given name, the Spanish and Manx versions of ''John''. The name is of Hebrew origin and has the meaning "God has been gracious." It is very common in Spain and in other Spanish-speaking countries around the world and in the Philippi ...

(

Deportivo Marquense Club Deportivo Marquense, or simply Marquense, is a Guatemalan professional football club based in San Marcos, Department of San Marcos. They compete in the Liga Nacional, the top tier of Guatemalan football following promotion from qualifying ...

Liga Nacional de Fútbol de Guatemala The Liga Nacional de Fútbol de Guatemala (National Football League of Guatemala), officially known as the Liga Guate Banrural for sponsorship reasons, formerly known as Liga'' ''Mayor A (Major League A) is a professional football division in Guat ...

) * José Luis Valle Magaña, Mexican politician *

Alicia Cervantes Alicia “Licha” Cervantes Herrera (born 24 January 1994) is a Mexican football forward who currently plays for Liga MX Femenil side Guadalajara and the Mexico women's national football team. A prolific goal scorer, Cervantes is Chivas histor ...

( C.D. Guadalajara Femenil,

Liga MX Femenil Liga MX Femenil, also known as Liga BBVA MX Femenil for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league and the highest level of women's football in Mexico. Supervised by the Mexican Football Federation, Federación Mexicana d ...

) * Oscar Saavedra,

( Central Texas Lobos FC,

Gulf Coast Premier League The Gulf Coast Premier League (GCPL) is a United States Adult Soccer Association affiliated Amateur Elite League that includes teams from Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, and Mississippi. The regular season of the GCPL runs May through Jul ...

) * Arely Guadalupe García Aguayo,

Mexican-American Mexican Americans are Americans of full or partial Mexican descent. In 2022, Mexican Americans comprised 11.2% of the US population and 58.9% of all Hispanic and Latino Americans. In 2019, 71% of Mexican Americans were born in the United State ...

beauty queen A beauty pageant is a competition in which the contestants are judged and ranked based on various physical and mental attributes. Per its name, beauty pageants traditionally focus on judging the contestants' physical attractiveness, sometimes so ...

Government

Municipal presidents

References

* This article in Spanish
Population and housing count in Spanish

External links

Gobierno Municipal de Arandas
Official website
Noti-Arandas
Newspaper featuring local and regional news {{Authority control Municipalities of Jalisco