António Campos (29 May 1922 – 8 March 1999) was one of the pioneer filmmakers of

visual anthropology Visual anthropology is a subfield of social anthropology that is concerned, in part, with the study and production of ethnography, ethnographic photography, film and, since the mid-1990s, new media. More recently it has been used by historians ...

Portugal Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic, is a country on the Iberian Peninsula in Southwestern Europe. Featuring Cabo da Roca, the westernmost point in continental Europe, Portugal borders Spain to its north and east, with which it share ...

. Mainly using pure documentary techniques, he shot ethnographic films and tried

docufiction Docufiction (or docu-fiction) is the cinematographic combination of documentary film, documentary and fiction, this term often meaning narrative film. It is a film genre which attempts to capture reality such as it is (as direct cinema or ciné ...

. As well as in fictional films, he used the methods of direct cinema to portrait the life of ancient human communities (

ethnofiction Ethnofiction is a subfield of ethnography which produces works that introduce art, in the form of storytelling, "thick descriptions and conversational narratives", and even first-person autobiographical accounts, into academic works. In addition ...

) of his country. He started making films at the beginning of the sixties, at the same time as

John Marshall John Marshall (September 24, 1755July 6, 1835) was an American statesman, jurist, and Founding Fathers of the United States, Founding Father who served as the fourth chief justice of the United States from 1801 until his death in 1835. He remai ...

(EU) and Michel Brault (Canada). Without knowing much about

Jean Rouch Jean Rouch (; 31 May 1917 – 18 February 2004) was a French Filmmaking, filmmaker and anthropologist. He is considered one of the founders of cinéma vérité in France. Rouch's practice as a filmmaker, for over 60 years in Africa, was char ...

, he followed his steps in an original way.

Biography

He integrated a troupe of theatre amateurs and worked at a state department office in

Leiria Leiria () is a city and municipality in the Central Region, Portugal, Central Region of Portugal. It is the 2nd largest city in that same region, after Coimbra, with a municipality population of 128,640 (as of 2021) in an area of . It is the seat o ...

. He got a subvention from the

Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation The Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation (), commonly referred to simply as the Gulbenkian Foundation, is a Portuguese institution dedicated to the promotion of the arts, philanthropy, science, and education. One of the wealthiest charitable founda ...

in 1961, where he worked between 1970 and 1976, to study cinema in London. He took part in the 20th Century Film Festival, in Kracow,

Poland Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It extends from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south, bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast, Belarus and Ukrai ...

. He was the delegate in Portugal for the International Federation of Art Film and a member of the International Union of Independent Filmmakers (UNICI). He started making films as an amateur. He shot ethnographic films with 16 mm light cameras and with no scientific purposes, like some of his Portuguese fellows, such as António Reis, Ricardo Costa or Pedro Costa, this one using small mini dv cameras, some years later. After the

Carnation Revolution The Carnation Revolution (), code-named Operation Historic Turn (), also known as the 25 April (), was a military coup by military officers that overthrew the Estado Novo government on 25 April 1974 in Portugal. The coup produced major socia ...

, he directed some theatrical fictional features in 35 mm, all with a strong anthropologic content. He was one of the representatives of the Portuguese Cinema Novo (or Novo Cinema), inspired by the

French New Wave The New Wave (, ), also called the French New Wave, is a French European art cinema, art film movement that emerged in the late 1950s. The movement was characterized by its rejection of traditional filmmaking conventions in favor of experimentat ...

. His film Gente da Praia da Vieira (People of Praia da Vieira), 1976, is, together with Trás-os-Montes, by António Reis and Margarida Cordeiro, and with Mau Tempo, Marés e Mudança (Changing Tides), by Ricardo Costa, one of the first

s of Portuguese cinema. Shot on the same year, these films, in the same genre, are preceded by Acto da Primavera (Act of Spring), 1962, by

Manoel de Oliveira Manoel Cândido Pinto de Oliveira (; 11 December 1908 – 2 April 2015) was a Portuguese film director and screenwriter born in Cedofeita, Porto. He first began making films in 1927, when he and some friends attempted to make a film about Wor ...

, and Ala-Arriba!, 1948, by José Leitão de Barros, a contemporary to Robert Flaherty. These films may also be classified as

Filmography

Feature films * 1971 – ''Vilarinho das Furnas'' * 1974 – ''Falamos de Rio de Onor'' (We talk about Rio de Onor) * 1975 – ''Gente da Praia da Vieira'' (People of Praia da Vieira) * 1978 –
Histórias Selvagens
' (Savage stories) * 1992 – ''Terra Fria'' (Cold Land) Short and middle-length films * 1957 – ''O rio Liz'' * 1958 – ''Um tesouro'' * 1959 – ''O Senhor'' * 1961 – ''A Almadraba Atuneira'' * 1961 – ''Leiria 61'' * 1962 – ''Debussy'' * 1962 – ''Instrumentos musicais populares'' * 1962 – ''Colóquio do Comité Internacional dos Museus de Instrumentos'' Musicais * 1963 – ''Arte portuguesa contemporânea em Leiria'' * 1964 – ''Arte portuguesa contemporânea em Évora'' * 1964 – ''La fille mal gardée'' * 1964 – ''Incêndio no auditório antigo da Fundação Caloute Gulbenkian'' * 1964 – ''Instrumentos musicais portugueses II'' * 1965 – ''100 anos de pintura francesa'' * 1965 – ''A invenção do amor'' * 1965 – ''Ouros do Peru'' * 1965 – ''Retratos das margens do rio Liz'' * 1966 – ''Arte do índio brasileiro'' * 1966 – ''Chagall – Breve a lua, lua cheia virá aparecer'' * 1966 – ''Inauguração do hospital S. João de Deus – Montemor-o-Novo'' * 1967 – ''Colagem'' * 1967 – ''Construção do Centro de Biologia de Oeiras da Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian'' * 1967 – ''Iniciação musical pelo método Orff'' * 1968 – ''Art portugais à Paris'' * 1968 – ''Arte portuguesa : do naturalismo aos nossos dias'' * 1968 – ''Festa de Natal dos funcionários da Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian'' * 1968 – ''O Principezinho'' * 1962–1969 – ''Obras de construção da sede, do museu e do grande auditório da Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian'' * 1970 – ''Raul Lino'' (not finished) * 1971 – ''Arte francesa depois de 1951'' * 1972 – ''Portugal e a Pérsia'' * 1973 – ''Rodin'' * 1974 – ''Museu Calouste Gulbenkian em Lisboa'' * 1975 – ''A Festa'' * 1976 – ''Paredes pintadas da revolução portuguesa'' * 1976 – ''Protecção arquitetónica sob a coordenação do Conselho da Europa'' (inacabado) * 1976 – ''20º aniversário da morte de Calouste Gulgenkian'' * 1976 – ''Ex-votos portugueses'' * 1979 – ''Ti Miséria'' * 1987 – ''À descoberta de Leiria'' * 1993 – ''A Tremonha de Cristal'' (not finished)

Bibliography

* ''António Campos'' – anthology about the films and life of António Campos (2000 �
Cinemateca Portuguesa
* ''O Cais do Olhar'' by José de Matos-Cruz, Portuguese Cinematheque, 1999

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Campos, Antonio Portuguese film directors 1922 births 1999 deaths People from Leiria

Biography

Filmography

Bibliography

See also

External links