Alice Beauchamp, Baroness Beauchamp
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Thomas de Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick, KG (c. 14 February 131313 November 1369), sometimes styled as Lord Warwick, was an
English English usually refers to: * English language * English people English may also refer to: Culture, language and peoples * ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England * ''English'', an Amish ter ...
noble A noble is a member of the nobility. Noble may also refer to: Places Antarctica * Noble Glacier, King George Island * Noble Nunatak, Marie Byrd Land * Noble Peak, Wiencke Island * Noble Rocks, Graham Land Australia * Noble Island, Gr ...
man and military
commander Commander (commonly abbreviated as Cmdr.) is a common naval officer rank as well as a job title in many army, armies. Commander is also used as a rank or title in other formal organizations, including several police forces. In several countri ...
during the
Hundred Years' War The Hundred Years' War (; 1337–1453) was a conflict between the kingdoms of Kingdom of England, England and Kingdom of France, France and a civil war in France during the Late Middle Ages. It emerged from feudal disputes over the Duchy ...
. His reputation as a military leader was so formidable that he was nicknamed "the devil Warwick" by the French. In 1348 he became one of the founders and the third Knight of the
Order of the Garter The Most Noble Order of the Garter is an order of chivalry founded by Edward III of England in 1348. The most senior order of knighthood in the Orders, decorations, and medals of the United Kingdom, British honours system, it is outranked in ...
. Thomas was undoubtedly a brave warrior in battle and proved to be a strong military leader. For example, the 14th century Anonimalle Chronicle states that when news arrived of his landing at Calais, the Duke of Burgundy, whose forces were camped nearby, made a hasty retreat under cover of darkness to avoid an encounter with 'the devil Warwick'. He fought in
Scotland Scotland is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It contains nearly one-third of the United Kingdom's land area, consisting of the northern part of the island of Great Britain and more than 790 adjac ...
as captain of the army against the Scots in 1337 at the age of 24. He also fought in the Hundred Years Wars with France, commanding the English victory at the
Battle of Crécy The Battle of Crécy took place on 26 August 1346 in northern France between a French army commanded by King PhilipVI and an English army led by King Edward III. The French attacked the English while they were traversing northern France ...
in 1346.


Early life

Thomas de Beauchamp was born at
Warwick Castle Warwick Castle is a medieval castle developed from a wooden fort, originally built by William I of England, William the Conqueror during 1068. Warwick is the county town of Warwickshire, England, situated on a meander of the River Avon, Warwic ...
,
Warwickshire Warwickshire (; abbreviated Warks) is a Ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county in the West Midlands (region), West Midlands of England. It is bordered by Staffordshire and Leicestershire to the north, Northamptonshire to the east, Ox ...
, England to
Guy de Beauchamp, 10th Earl of Warwick Guy or GUY may refer to: Personal names * Guy (given name) * Guy (surname) * That Guy (...), the New Zealand street performer Leigh Hart Places * Guy, Alberta, a Canadian hamlet * Guy, Arkansas, US, a city * Guy, Indiana, US, an unin ...
and
Alice de Toeni Alice de Toeni, Countess of Warwick (c. 1284 – bef. 8 January 1325) was a wealthy English heiress and the second wife of Guy de Beauchamp, 10th Earl of Warwick, an English nobleman in the reign of kings Edward I and Edward II. He was one of t ...
. He served in Scotland frequently during the 1330s, being captain of the army against the Scots in 1337. He was hereditary
High Sheriff of Worcestershire This is a list of sheriffs and since 1998 high sheriffs of Worcestershire. The High Sheriff, Sheriff is the oldest Secularity, secular office under the Crown. Formerly the Sheriff was the principal law enforcement officer in the county but ove ...
from 1333 until his death (in 1369). In 1344, he was also made
High Sheriff of Warwickshire This is a list of sheriffs and high sheriffs of the English county of Warwickshire. The Sheriff is the oldest secular office under the Crown. Formerly the Sheriff was the principal law enforcement officer in the county but over the centuries most ...
and
Leicestershire Leicestershire ( ) is a Ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county in the East Midlands of England. It is bordered by Derbyshire, Nottinghamshire and Lincolnshire to the north, Rutland to the east, Northamptonshire to the south-east, Warw ...
for life.


Victor at Crécy and Poitiers

Warwick was
Marshal Marshal is a term used in several official titles in various branches of society. As marshals became trusted members of the courts of Middle Ages, Medieval Europe, the title grew in reputation. During the last few centuries, it has been used fo ...
of England from 1343/4 until 1369, and was one of the commanders at the great English victories at Crécy and
Poitiers Poitiers is a city on the river Clain in west-central France. It is a commune in France, commune, the capital of the Vienne (department), Vienne department and the historical center of Poitou, Poitou Province. In 2021, it had a population of 9 ...
, as well as the
Siege of Calais (1346) Siege of Calais may refer to: * Siege of Calais (1346–1347), the siege and capture of Calais by the English during the Hundred Years' War * Siege of Calais (1349), the failed siege by Sir Geoffroi de Charny on December 31, 1348 * Siege of Calais ...
. Thomas de Beauchamp fought in all the French wars of King
Edward III Edward III (13 November 1312 – 21 June 1377), also known as Edward of Windsor before his accession, was King of England from January 1327 until his death in 1377. He is noted for his military success and for restoring royal authority after t ...
; he commanded the centre at the Battle of Crecy (where many of his relatives were killed, including his younger half-brother Alan la Zouche de Mortimer). He was trusted to be guardian of the sixteen-year-old
Black Prince Edward of Woodstock (15 June 1330 – 8 June 1376), known as the Black Prince, was the eldest son and heir apparent of King Edward III of England. He died before his father and so his son, Richard II, succeeded to the throne instead. Edward n ...
. He began the rebuilding of the Collegiate Church of Saint Mary in Warwick, supposedly using money received from the ransom of the archbishop of Sens, whom he captured at Poitiers, but that is an oversimplification.


Marriage and children

He married
Katherine Mortimer Katherine Mortimer, Countess of Warwick (''c''. 1314 – 4 August 1369) was the wife of Thomas de Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick KG, an English peer, and military commander during the Hundred Years War. She was a daughter and co-heiress of Rog ...
, daughter of
Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March Roger Mortimer, 3rd Baron Mortimer of Wigmore, 1st Earl of March (25 April 1287 – 29 November 1330), was an English nobleman and powerful marcher lord who gained many estates in the Welsh Marches and Ireland following his advantageous marr ...
. They had six sons and ten daughters:The History and Antiquities of the County of Buckingham pg. 174 by George Lipscomb 1847 *
Guy de Beauchamp Guy or GUY may refer to: Personal names * Guy (given name) * Guy (surname) * That Guy (...), the New Zealand street performer Leigh Hart Places * Guy, Alberta, a Canadian hamlet * Guy, Arkansas, US, a city * Guy, Indiana, US, an unin ...
(died 28 April 1360); married Philippa de Ferrers, daughter of Henry de Ferrers, 2nd Lord Ferrers of Groby, and
Isabel de Verdun Isabel de Verdun, Baroness Ferrers of Groby (21 March 1317 – 25 July 1349) was an English heiress, who was related to the English royal family as the eldest daughter of Elizabeth de Clare, herself a granddaughter of King Edward I of England. ...
, by whom he had two daughters: Elizabeth (died c. 1369), and Katherine, who became a nun. His daughters were, by
entail In English common law, fee tail or entail is a form of trust, established by deed or settlement, that restricts the sale or inheritance of an estate in real property and prevents that property from being sold, devised by will, or otherwise ali ...
, excluded from their grandfather's inheritance. *
Thomas de Beauchamp, 12th Earl of Warwick Thomas de Beauchamp, 12th Earl of Warwick, KG (16 March 13388 April 1401) was an English medieval nobleman and one of the primary opponents of Richard II. Origins He was the son of Thomas de Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick by his wife Ka ...
(16 March 13398 August 1401), married Margaret Ferrers, daughter of William Ferrers, 3rd Lord of Groby, and Margaret de Ufford, by whom he had issue, including
Richard Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick Richard Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick (25 or 28 January 138230 April 1439) was an English medieval nobleman and military commander. Early life Beauchamp was born at Salwarpe CourtRichard Gough, ''Description of the Beauchamp chapel, adjoin ...
. * Reinbrun de Beauchamp (died 1361) *
William de Beauchamp, 1st Baron Bergavenny William de Beauchamp, 1st Baron Bergavenny (c. 1343 – 8 May 1411) was an English peer. Beauchamp was the fourth son of Thomas Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick, and Katherine Mortimer. He served under Sir John Chandos during the Hundred Years ...
(c. 13438 May 1411); inherited the
honour Honour (Commonwealth English) or honor (American English; American and British English spelling differences#-our, -or, see spelling differences) is a quality of a person that is of both social teaching and personal ethos, that manifests itself ...
of
Abergavenny Abergavenny (; , , archaically , ) is a market town and Community (Wales), community in Monmouthshire, Wales. Abergavenny is promoted as a "Gateway to Wales"; it is approximately from the England–Wales border, border with England and is loca ...
. On 23 July 1392, married
Lady Joan FitzAlan Joan de Beauchamp, Baroness Bergavenny ( FitzAlan; 1375 – 14 November 1435) was an English noblewoman, and the wife of William de Beauchamp, 1st Baron Bergavenny of the Welsh Marches. Family and lineage Lady Joan FitzAlan was born in 1375, ...
, daughter of
Richard FitzAlan, 11th Earl of Arundel Richard Fitzalan, 4th Earl of Arundel, 9th Earl of Surrey (1346 – 21 September 1397) was an English medieval nobleman and military commander. Lineage Born in 1346, he was the son of Richard Fitzalan, 3rd Earl of Arundel and Eleanor of Lancast ...
and Lady Elizabeth de Bohun, by whom he had a son, Richard de Beauchamp, 1st Earl of Worcester, and a daughter, Joan de Beauchamp, Countess of Ormond. Queen consort
Anne Boleyn Anne Boleyn (; 1501 or 1507 – 19 May 1536) was List of English royal consorts, Queen of England from 1533 to 1536, as the Wives of Henry VIII, second wife of King Henry VIII. The circumstances of her marriage and execution, by beheading ...
was a notable descendant of the latter. * Roger de Beauchamp (died 1361) * Maud de Beauchamp (died 1403); married
Roger de Clifford, 5th Baron de Clifford Roger de Clifford, 5th Baron de Clifford, 9th Lord Clifford, 5th Baron of Westmoreland (10 July 1333 – 13 July 1389), was the son of Robert de Clifford, 3rd Baron de Clifford (d. 20 May 1344), second son of Robert de Clifford, 1st Baron de Clif ...
, by whom she had issue, including Thomas de Clifford, 6th Baron de Clifford. *
Philippa de Beauchamp Philippa de Stafford, Countess of Stafford (before 1344 – 6 April 1386), was a late medieval English noblewoman and the daughter of Thomas de Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick, KG, and Katherine Mortimer. Her maternal grandfather was the pow ...
; married
Hugh de Stafford, 2nd Earl of Stafford Hugh de Stafford, 2nd Earl of Stafford, 3rd Baron Stafford, 3rd Baron Audley, KG (c. 1342 – 16 October 1386) was an English nobleman. Early life Hugh de Stafford was born around 1342, the second and youngest son of Ralph de Stafford, 1st E ...
, by whom she had nine children. * Alice Beauchamp (died 1383); married firstly John Beauchamp, 3rd Baron Beauchamp of Somerset, and secondly Sir Matthew Gournay. She died childless. * Joan de Beauchamp; married
Ralph Basset, 3rd Baron Basset of Drayton Ralph Basset, 3rd Baron Basset of Drayton (or alternatively 4th Baron Basset) Order of the Garter, KG (1335 – 10 May 1390) was a medieval English soldier knight, one of the earliest-appointed Knights of the Garter. He was the son of Ralph Bass ...
. She died childless. * Isabel de Beauchamp (died 29 September 1416); married firstly John le Strange, 5th Baron Strange by whom she had a daughter, Elizabeth (1373-1383), and secondly,
William de Ufford, 2nd Earl of Suffolk William Ufford, 2nd Earl of Suffolk (30 May 1338 – 15 February 1382) was an Kingdom of England, English Nobility, nobleman in the reigns of Edward III of England, Edward III and Richard II of England, Richard II. He was the son of Robert Uffo ...
. Upon the latter's death, she became a nun. She died without living issue. * Margaret de Beauchamp; married first Guy de Montfort. This marriage was childless. After his death in 1261, she became a nun until 1269. * Elizabeth de Beauchamp; married Thomas de Ufford KG. * Anne de Beauchamp; married Walter de Cokesey. * Juliana de Beauchamp * Katherine de Beauchamp; became a nun at Shouldham Priory. * Ramburne de Beauchamp; had one issue named Eleanora.
Catherine Grandison, Countess of Salisbury Catherine Grandison, Countess of Salisbury ( 1304 – 23 November 1349) was an English noblewoman, remembered for being raped by King Edward III of England and possibly the woman in whose honour the Order of the Garter was originated. She was th ...
was not his daughter, although she is presented as such in William Painter's '' Palace of Pleasure'' and in the Elizabethan play ''
Edward III Edward III (13 November 1312 – 21 June 1377), also known as Edward of Windsor before his accession, was King of England from January 1327 until his death in 1377. He is noted for his military success and for restoring royal authority after t ...
'', which may be by
William Shakespeare William Shakespeare ( 23 April 1564 – 23 April 1616) was an English playwright, poet and actor. He is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often called England's nation ...
.


Death

Beauchamp's wife Katherine died on 4 August 1369. Beauchamp died three months later at
Calais Calais ( , , traditionally , ) is a French port city in the Pas-de-Calais department, of which it is a subprefecture. Calais is the largest city in Pas-de-Calais. The population of the city proper is 67,544; that of the urban area is 144,6 ...
aged 56, on 13 November 1369, of the
Black Death The Black Death was a bubonic plague pandemic that occurred in Europe from 1346 to 1353. It was one of the list of epidemics, most fatal pandemics in human history; as many as people perished, perhaps 50% of Europe's 14th century population. ...
and was buried alongside his wife in the chancel of St. Mary's Church, Warwick, Warwickshire.


Ancestry


Images


References


Sources

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Warwick, Thomas de Beauchamp, 11th Earl of 1369 deaths 14th-century English nobility Earls of Warwick (1088 creation) Garter Knights appointed by Edward III People of the Hundred Years' War People from Warwick High sheriffs of Warwickshire High sheriffs of Leicestershire High sheriffs of Worcestershire 14th-century deaths from plague (disease) Male Shakespearean characters
Thomas Thomas may refer to: People * List of people with given name Thomas * Thomas (name) * Thomas (surname) * Saint Thomas (disambiguation) * Thomas Aquinas (1225–1274) Italian Dominican friar, philosopher, and Doctor of the Church * Thomas the A ...
Infectious disease deaths in France Sheriffs of Warwickshire 1313 births