Alfred Ferdinand Stephan Maria Fürst zu Salm-Salm (13 March 1846 – 20 April 1923) was a nobleman in the

Kingdom of Prussia The Kingdom of Prussia (, ) was a German state that existed from 1701 to 1918.Marriott, J. A. R., and Charles Grant Robertson. ''The Evolution of Prussia, the Making of an Empire''. Rev. ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1946. It played a signif ...

and a member of the

Prussian House of Lords The Prussian House of Lords () in Berlin was the upper house of the Landtag of Prussia (), the parliament of Prussia from 1850 to 1918. Together with the lower house, the House of Representatives (), it formed the Prussian bicameral legislature ...

Early life

Alfred zu Salm-Salm was born on 13 March 1846 at

Anholt Castle Anholt Castle ( or ) is a monumental moated castle and former princely seat in the municipality of Isselburg, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, close to the Netherlands, Dutch border where the Münsterland meets the Lower Rhine region. First do ...

. He was sixth of eleven children of Alfred Konstantin, 5th Prince of Salm-Salm and Princess ''Auguste Adelheid'' Emanuele Constanze von Croÿ (1815–1886). Among his siblings was elder brother, Prince Leopold zu Salm-Salm, who married Princess Eleonore of Croÿ. His paternal grandparents were Florentin, 4th Prince of Salm-Salm and Flaminia di Rossi (a daughter of Nicolo de Rossi). His paternal uncle was Prince Felix of Salm-Salm, who was killed in action during the

Franco-Prussian War The Franco-Prussian War or Franco-German War, often referred to in France as the War of 1870, was a conflict between the Second French Empire and the North German Confederation led by the Kingdom of Prussia. Lasting from 19 July 1870 to 28 Janua ...

and had

morganatically Morganatic marriage, sometimes called a left-handed marriage, is a marriage between people of unequal social rank, which in the context of royalty or other inherited title prevents the principal's position or privileges being passed to the spouse ...

married an American woman named Agnes Leclerc Joy in 1862.Eicher, John H., and

David J. Eicher David John Eicher (born August 7, 1961) is an American editor, writer, and popularizer of astronomy and space. He has been editor-in-chief of ''Astronomy'' magazine since 2002. He is author, coauthor, or editor of 23 books on science and American ...

, ''Civil War High Commands.'' Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001. . pp. 467–468 His maternal grandparents were Prince Ferdinand Victor Philippe of Croÿ (a son of Auguste, 9th Duke of Croÿ and grandson of

Anne Emmanuel, 8th Duke of Croÿ Anne-Emmanuel-Ferdinand-François de Croÿ Princes of the Holy Roman Empire, Prince of Solre-le-Château, Solre and House of Croy, Duke of Croÿ (10 September 1743 – 15 December 1803) was a French soldier of the 18th century who attained the ran ...

) and Princess Constance Anne Louise de Croÿ-Solre (a daughter of Emmanuel Marie de Croÿ, Prince of Spire-le-Châus).

Career

In 1863, at the age of 17, Alfred joined the 14th Imperial and Royal Dragoon Regiment. As a Lieutenant and First lieutenant, he fought in the

German-Danish War The Second Schleswig War (; or German Danish War), also sometimes known as the Dano-Prussian War or Prusso-Danish War, was the second military conflict over the Schleswig–Holstein question of the nineteenth century. The war began on 1 Februa ...

in 1864 and in

Bohemia Bohemia ( ; ; ) is the westernmost and largest historical region of the Czech Republic. In a narrow, geographic sense, it roughly encompasses the territories of present-day Czechia that fall within the Elbe River's drainage basin, but historic ...

in the

Austro-Prussian War The Austro-Prussian War (German: ''Preußisch-Österreichischer Krieg''), also known by many other names,Seven Weeks' War, German Civil War, Second War of Unification, Brothers War or Fraternal War, known in Germany as ("German War"), ''Deutsc ...

in 1866. He received numerous war decorations and rose to the military rank of

Rittmeister Rittmaster () is usually a commissioned officer military rank used in a few armies, usually equivalent to Captain. Historically it has been used in Germany, Austria-Hungary, Scandinavia, and some other countries. A is typically in charge of a s ...

. After leaving the army, he lived at in

Rhede Rhede () is a municipality in the district of Borken in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located near the border with the Netherlands , Terminology of the Low Countries, informally Holland, is a country in Northwestern ...

. Upon the death of his elder brother, a widower who died without issue on 16 February 1908, he became the

titular Titular may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media * Title character in a narrative work, the character referred to in its title Religion * Titular (Catholicism), a cardinal who holds a titulus, one of the main churches of Rome ** Titular bisho ...

seventh Prince of Salm-Salm, which had been mediatised since 1813, and well as Lord of Anholt, becoming a hereditary member of the

(until its dissolution in 1918) and the Parliament of the

Province of Westphalia The Province of Westphalia () was a Provinces of Prussia, province of the Kingdom of Prussia and the Free State of Prussia from 1815 to 1946. In turn, Prussia was the largest component state of the German Empire from 1871 to 1918, of the Weimar ...

Salm-Salm archives

Beginning in the early 1880s, Alfred devoted himself to the House of Salm-Salm's extensive archives. In May 1898, he became the first founder of the . From 1912 to 1913, he commissioned the construction of a new building for the Salm-Salm Archives. He also succeeded in transferring the archives of the Wildgraves, the Rhinegraves, the Counts, and the Princes of Salm-Horstmar and the Princes of Salm-Kyrburg to the joint archives of the Princes of Salm-Salm and Salm-Horstmar in Anholt.

Personal life

Maria Christina und Emanuel Salm-Salm 1902 Adele

On 18 October 1869 in Vienna, Prince Alfred married Countess ''Rosa'' Margaretha Karolina Isabella von Lützow (1850–1927), a daughter of Franz von Lützow, Count of Tuppau and Sachsengrün and Henriette

Seymour Seymour may refer to: Places Australia *Seymour, Victoria, a township ** Seymour railway station * Electoral district of Seymour, a former electoral district in Victoria * Rural City of Seymour, a former local government area in Victoria * Se ...

(a granddaughter of the 2nd Marquess of Hertford). Her brothers were the diplomats Count Francis von Lützow and Count

Heinrich von Lützow Heinrich Joseph Rudolf Gottfried Graf von Lützow zu Drey-Lützow und Seedorf (11 September 1852 – 8 November 1935), was an Austro-Hungarian diplomat. Early life Heinrich von Lützow was born on 11 September 1852 at Baden bei Wien. His parent ...

. Together, they were the parents of three sons and five daughters, including: * ''Emanuel'' Alfred Leopold Franz, Hereditary Prince of Salm-Salm (1871–1916), who was killed in battle at

Pinsk Pinsk (; , ; ; ; ) is a city in Brest Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Pinsk District, though it is administratively separated from the district. It is located in the historical region of Polesia, at the confluence of t ...

; he married

Archduchess Maria Christina of Austria Maria Christina, Duchess of Teschen (Maria Christina Johanna Josepha Antonia; 13 May 1742 – 24 June 1798), was the fifth child of Maria Theresa of Austria and Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor. Married in 1766 to Prince Prince Albert of Saxony ...

, the eldest child of

Archduke Friedrich, Duke of Teschen Archduke Friedrich, Duke of Teschen (Friedrich Maria Albrecht Wilhelm Karl; 4 June 1856 – 30 December 1936) was a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine and the Supreme Commander of the Imperial and Royal Armed Forces of the Austro-Hungaria ...

, and

Princess Isabella of Croÿ Princess ''Isabella'' Hedwig Franziska Natalie of Croÿ (27 February 1856 – 5 September 1931) was by birth member of the House of Croÿ and by marriage member of the House of Habsburg. Biography Early life and family Princess Isabella ...

. * Princess ''Marie Emma'' Henriette Franziska of Salm-Salm (1874–1966), who died unmarried. * Princess ''Henriette'' Franziska Alexia of Salm-Salm (1875–1961), who married '' Don'' Pietro Lucchesi-Palli, the son of Adinolfo Lucchesi-Palli, 10th Prince of Campofranco, and Princess Lucrezia Nicoletta Sasso- Ruffo ''dei principi'' di Sant' Antimo. * Prince ''Franz'' Emanuel Konstantin of Salm-Salm (1876–1964), who married Baroness Maria Anna von und zu

Dalberg The House of Dalberg is the name of an ancient and distinguished German nobility, German noble family, derived from the hamlet and castle (now in ruins) of Dalberg or Dalburg, near Kreuznach in Rhineland-Palatinate. They were the ruling family ...

, a daughter of Baron Karl Heribert Kämmerer von

Worms The World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) is a taxonomic database that aims to provide an authoritative and comprehensive catalogue and list of names of marine organisms. Content The content of the registry is edited and maintained by scien ...

von und zu Dalberg and Countess Gabriele von Spiegel zum Desenberg- Hanxleden. * Princess ''Rosa'' Mathilde Charlotte Leopoldine of Salm-Salm (1878–1963), who married Count Karl von

Solms-Laubach Solms-Laubach was a County of southern Hesse and eastern Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. The House of Solms had its origins in Solms, Hesse. History Solms-Laubach was originally created as a partition of Solms-Lich. In 1537 Philip, Count of S ...

, a son of Friedrich, 7th Count of Solms-Laubach and Countess Marianne von

Stolberg-Wernigerode The County of Stolberg-Wernigerode () was a county of the Holy Roman Empire located in the Harz region around Wernigerode, now part of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It was ruled by a branch of the House of Stolberg. History The Counts of Wernigerode h ...

. * Prince ''Alfred'' Florentin Konstantin of Salm-Salm (1879–1952) * Princess ''Augusta'' Flaminia Ferdinanda of Salm-Salm (1881–1946), who married Count Felix Droste zu Vischering von Nesselrode-Reichenstein, a son of Count Hermann Droste zu Vischering von Nesselrode-Reichenstein and Baroness Elisabeth von Vietinghoff genannt Schell zu Schellenberg. * Princess ''Eleonore'' Henriette Christi of Salm-Salm (1887–1978), who married Carl Rieniets. Prince Alfred died at Anholt on 20 April 1923. As his eldest son predeceased him, he was succeeded by his grandson, Nikolaus Leopold, as the 8th Prince of Salm-Salm. His widow died on 5 February 1927 at

Borohrádek Borohrádek (; ) is a town in Rychnov nad Kněžnou District in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 2,100 inhabitants. Administrative division Borohrádek consists of two municipal parts (in brackets population accordi ...

(today a town in

Rychnov nad Kněžnou District Rychnov may refer to places in the Czech Republic: *Rychnov, a village and part of Krouna in the Pardubice Region *Rychnov, a village and part of Verneřice in the Ústí nad Labem Region * Rychnov na Moravě, a municipality and village in the Pa ...

in the

Hradec Králové Region Hradec Králové Region (, ) is an administrative unit () of the Czech Republic located in the north-eastern part of the historical region of Bohemia. It is named after its capital Hradec Králové. The region neighbours the Pardubice Region in t ...

of the

Czech Republic The Czech Republic, also known as Czechia, and historically known as Bohemia, is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Austria to the south, Germany to the west, Poland to the northeast, and Slovakia to the south ...

Descendants

Through his eldest son Emanuel, he was a grandfather of Princess Isabelle of Salm-Salm (1903–2009), considered the longest lived royal European

centenarian A centenarian is a person who has reached the age of 100. Because life expectancies at birth worldwide are well below 100, the term is invariably associated with longevity. The United Nations estimated that there were 316,600 living centenarian ...

,Blattus Martini / Kevelaerer Enzyklopädie
Martin Willing: Kevelaerer Aufbaujahre (Chapter: 13)

Princess Rosemary of Salm-Salm Princess Rosemary of Salm-Salm () (13 April 1904 – 3 May 2001) was a member of the princely House of Salm-Salm. Through her marriage to Archduke Hubert Salvator of Austria, Rosemary was a member of the Tuscan line of the House of Habsburg-Lorr ...

(1904–2001), and, his heir, Nikolaus Leopold, 8th Prince of Salm-Salm (1906–1988).

Ancestry

References

Notes Sources {{DEFAULTSORT:Salm-Salm, Alfred Zu 1846 births 1923 deaths 19th-century German nobility Members of the Prussian House of Lords Salm-Salm Salm family 07