Alexandre François Auguste Vivien (or Vivien de Goubert; 3 July 1799 – 7 June 1854) was a French lawyer and politician. He was Minister of Justice during the

July Monarchy The July Monarchy (), officially the ''Kingdom of France'' (), was a liberalism, liberal constitutional monarchy in France under , starting on 9 August 1830, after the revolutionary victory of the July Revolution of 1830, and ending 26 Februar ...

, and Minister of Public Works in the

French Second Republic The French Second Republic ( or ), officially the French Republic (), was the second republican government of France. It existed from 1848 until its dissolution in 1852. Following the final defeat of Napoleon, Napoleon Bonaparte at the Battle ...

Early years

Alexandre François Auguste Vivien was born on 3 July 1799 in Paris. He was the son of a lawyer in Goubert. At first he meant to follow a military career, but he changed to studying for the bar. He became an advocate in

Amiens Amiens (English: or ; ; , or ) is a city and Communes of France, commune in northern France, located north of Paris and south-west of Lille. It is the capital of the Somme (department), Somme Departments of France, department in the region ...

in 1820, then in Paris in 1826. In 1825 he wrote a book on gambling and its effect on individuals and families.

July Monarchy

Vivien was among the new men who were sought by the

. He did not play any role in the

July Revolution The French Revolution of 1830, also known as the July Revolution (), Second French Revolution, or ("Three Glorious ays), was a second French Revolution after French Revolution, the first of 1789–99. It led to the overthrow of King Cha ...

, but on 10 August 1830 was appointed Attorney General of the Royal Court of

. He was appointed Prefect of Police on 21 February 1831, replacing Jean-Jacques Baude. He was criticized for excessive zeal by the opposition, but also was criticized for lack of decisiveness on the Republican riots in April and July 1831. He disagreed with the Minister of the Interior,

Casimir Pierre Périer Casimir-Pierre Périer (11 October 1777 16 May 1832) was a French banker, mine owner, political leader and statesman. In business, through his bank in Paris and ownership of the Anzin Coal Co. in the Department of Nord, he contributed signifi ...

, and had to give way to Henri Gisquet on 17 September 1831, when he became a State Councillor. Vivien was elected a deputy on 17 February 1833 for the Saint-Quentin extramural arrondissement, and reelected until 1848. He maintained an independent position in the house, and played a leading role in the debates over the laws concerning the organization of department and arrondissement councils in 1833. He was a member of the center-left opposition, but was appointed to chair the Legislation Committee on 13 October 1839. He was made Minister of Justice on 1 March 1840 in the cabinet of

Adolphe Thiers Marie Joseph Louis Adolphe Thiers ( ; ; 15 April 17973 September 1877) was a French statesman and historian who served as President of France from 1871 to 1873. He was the second elected president and the first of the Third French Republic. Thi ...

. When the cabinet of

François Guizot François Pierre Guillaume Guizot (; 4 October 1787 – 12 September 1874) was a French historian, orator and Politician, statesman. Guizot was a dominant figure in French politics between the July Revolution, Revolution of 1830 and the Revoluti ...

came into power on 29 October 1840 he joined the opposition to the royalists. He became president of the legislative committee of the Council of State on 25 December 1843. On 26 December 1845 he entered the Academy of Moral and Political Sciences.

Second Republic

Vivien did not support the

February Revolution The February Revolution (), known in Soviet historiography as the February Bourgeois Democratic Revolution and sometimes as the March Revolution or February Coup was the first of Russian Revolution, two revolutions which took place in Russia ...

of 1848, but on 23 April 1848 was elected to represent Aisne in the Constituent Assembly. He was made a member of the Constitution Committee, where he played a prominent role as a Conservative. In the Assembly he voted in favor of actions to restore calm, against the abolition of the death penalty and for the expedition to Rome. From 13 October 1848 to 10 December 1848 Vivien was Minister of Public Works in the cabinet of General

Louis-Eugène Cavaignac Louis-Eugène Cavaignac (; 15 October 1802 – 28 October 1857) was a French general and politician who served as head of the executive power of France between June and December 1848, during the French Second Republic. Born in Paris to a promi ...

. He was one of the three candidates presented by President Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte for the office of vice president of the Republic; he came second. He was named president of the Legislation Section of the Council of State in April 1849. After the coup d'état of 2 December 1851 he retired from public life. Vivien died on 7 June 1854 in Paris from pneumonia. He was aged 54.

Works

*''Le Joueur ou Les Jeux dans leurs conséquences sur la moralité des individus et la fortune des familles'' (Paris, 1825, in-8°) *''Traité de la législature des théâtres'' (1830)

References

Citations Sources * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Vivien, Alexandre-Francois Auguste 1799 births 1854 deaths 19th-century police officers Politicians from Paris Party of Order politicians Ministers of justice and religious affairs of France Ministers of public works of France Members of the 2nd Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy Members of the 3rd Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy Members of the 4th Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy Members of the 5th Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy Members of the 6th Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy Members of the 7th Chamber of Deputies of the July Monarchy Members of the 1848 Constituent Assembly Prefects of police of Paris Ministers of justice of France