Aleksander Czołowski
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Aleksander Czołowski (27 February 1865 in – 7 July 1944 in
Lviv Lviv ( or ; ; ; see #Names and symbols, below for other names) is the largest city in western Ukraine, as well as the List of cities in Ukraine, fifth-largest city in Ukraine, with a population of It serves as the administrative centre of ...
) was a Polish historian, antiquarian, archivist, director of the Historical Museum of the City of Lviv and the National Museum in Lviv.


Biography

He graduated from the Stanisławów Gymnasium in 1884, after which he enrolled at the Faculty of Law at the
University of Lviv The Ivan Franko National University of Lviv (named after Ivan Franko, ) is a state-sponsored university in Lviv, Ukraine. Since 1940 the university is named after Ukrainian poet Ivan Franko. The university is the oldest institution of highe ...
. He soon moved to the Faculty of Philosophy at the
University of Vienna The University of Vienna (, ) is a public university, public research university in Vienna, Austria. Founded by Rudolf IV, Duke of Austria, Duke Rudolph IV in 1365, it is the oldest university in the German-speaking world and among the largest ...
. In 1890, he graduated from the Philosophy Department of Lviv University with a doctorate in philosophy. He was a student of Prof. Ksawery Liske. In 1891, he took the position of archivist and later director of the archives and subordinate museums (including the city museum) in Lviv, holding this position until June 1939, when he retired. He was also an art collector and one of the initiators of the establishment of a picture gallery in Lviv. He was a member of the Polish Gymnastic Society "Sokół". He was an adjunct member of the historical and philosophical department of the Scientific Society in Lviv. He was a man of extensive knowledge. Thanks to his efforts, the Historical Museum of the City of Lviv and the King John III National Museum were established in 1893. He took an active part in the current life of the city, in the organization of exhibitions and conventions, the work of the Society of Lovers of Lviv's Past and the
Polish Historical Society Polish Historical Society (, PTH) is a Polish professional scientific society for historians. History Founded in 1886 in Lwów by Ksawery Liske as a local society, its scientific journal became the '' Kwartalnik Historyczny'', which was first pu ...
. A correspondent member of the Society of the Polish National Museum in Rapperswil from 1897. His interests included Lviv government archives, as well as monastery and guild archives. In July 1905, together with Józef Białynia Chołodecki, he discovered the tomb of Gertrude Potocka in the basement of a church in . In 1906 he became secretary of the then founded Society of Lovers of Lviv's Past. After the outbreak of
World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...
in 1914, he became a member of the City Civic Guard in Lviv (Section IV in District I). On 8 March 1925 he was elected vice-president of the Polish Heraldic Society in Lviv. He was buried in
Lychakiv Cemetery Lychakiv Cemetery (; ), officially State History and Culture Museum-Reserve "Lychakiv Cemetery" (), is a historic cemetery in Lviv, Ukraine. History Since its creation in 1787 as Łyczakowski Cemetery, it has been the main necropolis of the c ...
. His sister was Kazimiera, who became the wife of .


Works

* ''Ruś czerwona'' («Bibl. Warsz.», 1887) * ''Lwów za ruskich czasów'' (1887, 1892) * ''Początki Mołdawji i wyprawa Kazimierza W. z r. 1359'' (1890) *
Z przeszłości Jezupola i okolicy
' (1890) *
Dawne zamki i twerdze na Rusi Halickiej
'. — Teka konserwatorska (Lwów), 1892 * ''Wojna polsko-turecka r. 1675'' (1895) * ''Najazd Tatarów na Lwów w 1695 r.'' * ''Obraz dziejowy Lwowa'' * ''Pogląd na organizację i działalność dawnych władz miejskich do 1848 r.'' * ''Pomniki dziejowe Lwowa (1891—1921)'' * ''Bitwa pod Obertynem'' *
Przeszłość i zabytki wojewódstwa tarnopolskiego
' (1926, co-author
Bohdan Janusz Bohdan Janusz (; 23 January 1887 – 5 November 1930) was Polish and Ukrainian archaeologist, historian, ethnographer, conservator of prehistoric monuments in Lwów Voivodeship. Biography He was born on 23 January 1887 in Lviv to a Ukrainian fami ...
) * ''Zamek w Jazlowcu'' (Wspomnienie w 250 rocznicк jego zdobycia przez Jana III, dn. 25.VIII.)


Awards

* Knight's Cross of the
Order of Polonia Restituta The Order of Polonia Restituta (, ) is a Polish state decoration, state Order (decoration), order established 4 February 1921. It is conferred on both military and civilians as well as on alien (law), foreigners for outstanding achievements in ...
(10 November 1933). „za długoletnią i owocną pracę społeczną oraz na polu krzewienia kultury i sztuki”.


References


Bibliography

* , ''Historiografia i miłośnictwo Lwowa'' (Lwów, 1938). * Józef Zieliński – ''Aleksander Czołowski, w czterdziestolecie pracy archiwalnej, konserwatorskiej i naukowej, 1891–1931'' (Lwów, 1932). * Iwona Zima, ''Aleksander Czołowski 1865–1944: luminarz lwowskiej kultury'', Gdynia 2011. {{DEFAULTSORT:Czołowski, Aleksander 1865 births 1944 deaths University of Lviv alumni Polish antiquarians Polish archivists Polish art collectors Polish curators Members of the Lwów Scientific Society Burials at Lychakiv Cemetery