Al-'Ulmaniyya was a
Palestinian
Palestinians () are an Arab ethnonational group native to the Levantine region of Palestine.
*: "Palestine was part of the first wave of conquest following Muhammad's death in 632 CE; Jerusalem fell to the Caliph Umar in 638. The indigenous p ...
Arab
Arabs (, , ; , , ) are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in West Asia and North Africa. A significant Arab diaspora is present in various parts of the world.
Arabs have been in the Fertile Crescent for thousands of years ...
village in the
Safad Subdistrict. It was depopulated during the
1947–1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine on April 20, 1948, by the Palmach's First Battalion of
Operation Yiftach. It was located 14.5 km northeast of
Safad
Safed (), also known as Tzfat (), is a city in the Northern District of Israel. Located at an elevation of up to , Safed is the highest city in the Galilee and in Israel.
Safed has been identified with (), a fortified town in the Upper Gal ...
.
History
In 1596 it appeared in the
Ottoman tax registers, as being in the ''
nahiyah
A nāḥiyah ( , plural ''nawāḥī'' ), also nahiyeh, nahiya or nahia, is a regional or local type of administrative division that usually consists of a number of villages or sometimes smaller towns. In Tajikistan, it is a second-level divisi ...
'' ("subdistrict") of Jira, part of the ''
Liwa'' ("district") of
Safad
Safed (), also known as Tzfat (), is a city in the Northern District of Israel. Located at an elevation of up to , Safed is the highest city in the Galilee and in Israel.
Safed has been identified with (), a fortified town in the Upper Gal ...
. It had a population of 8 Households and 2 bachelors; an estimated 55 persons, all
Muslim
Muslims () are people who adhere to Islam, a Monotheism, monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God ...
. They paid a fixed tax-rate of 25% on agricultural products, including wheat, barley, vegetable and fruit garden, orchards, goats and beehives, in addition to occasional revenues and water buffaloes; a total of 2,559
Akçe. All of the revenue went to a
Waqf
A (; , plural ), also called a (, plural or ), or ''mortmain'' property, is an Alienation (property law), inalienable charitable financial endowment, endowment under Sharia, Islamic law. It typically involves donating a building, plot ...
.
[Khalidi, 1992, p. 501]
In 1881, the
PEF's ''
Survey of Western Palestine'' noted at ''Kh. Almaniyeh'': "A few cattle-sheds and traces of ruins".
[Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p]
235
/ref>
British Mandate era
In the 1922 census of Palestine
The 1922 census of Palestine was the first census carried out by the authorities of the British Mandate of Palestine, on 23 October 1922.
The reported population was 757,182, including the military and persons of foreign nationality. The divis ...
conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Almaniyeh'' had a population of 122 Muslims,[Barron, 1923, Table XI, Sub-district of Safad, p]
42
/ref> increasing in the 1931 census, when it was counted together with Zubeid, to 432; 5 Christians and 427 Muslims, in a total of 100 houses.[Mills, 1932, p]
111
/ref>
In the 1945 statistics the village had a population of 260 Muslims[ with 1,169 dunams of land.][
Of this, 1,135 dunams were used for cereals,][Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p]
121
while the built-up areas of the village amounted to 9 dunams.[Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p]
171
1948, aftermath
Al-'Ulmaniyya became depopulated on April 20, 1948, after a military assault by Yishuv
The Yishuv (), HaYishuv Ha'ivri (), or HaYishuv HaYehudi Be'Eretz Yisra'el () was the community of Jews residing in Palestine prior to the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948. The term came into use in the 1880s, when there were about 2 ...
forces.[Morris, 2004, p.]
249
note #684, p
302
/ref>
Yesud ha-Ma’ala is 2.5 km southeast of the village site.[Khalidi, 1992, p. 502]
In 1992 the village site was described: "The site is thickly wooded with eucalyptus trees, making it difficult to discern any remains of the village. Work is proceeding on street construction for Lake al-Hula's nature preservation area. Some of the surrounding lands are cultivated, but most have either been made part of the preservation area or are marshland."[
]
References
Bibliography
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External links
Welcome To al-'Ulmaniyyaal-'Ulmaniyya
Zochrot
al-‘Ulmaniyya
*Survey of Western Palestine, Map 4
IAAWikimedia commons
{{Palestinian Arab villages depopulated during the 1948 Palestine War
Arab villages depopulated during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War
District of Safad