Adémar II de Poitiers, known in
Old Occitan
Old Occitan ( oc, occitan ancian, label= Modern Occitan, ca, occità antic), also called Old Provençal, was the earliest form of the Occitano-Romance languages, as attested in writings dating from the eighth through the fourteenth centuries. Ol ...
as Ademar or Aimeric de Peiteus, was the
count of Valentinois and ''de facto'' ruler of
Diois from 1188 or 1189 until 1230. He was the son of Count Guillaume and grandson of Count Adémar I. He married Philippa, daughter of Guillaume-Jourdain, the lord of
Fay
A fairy (also fay, fae, fey, fair folk, or faerie) is a type of mythical being or legendary creature found in the folklore of multiple European cultures (including Celtic, Slavic, Germanic, English, and French folklore), a form of spirit, o ...
, and Météline de Clérieu. The Finnish scholar Aimo Sakari hypothesised that Philippa of Fay was the famous
trobairitz
The ''trobairitz'' () were Occitan female troubadours of the 12th and 13th centuries, active from around 1170 to approximately 1260. ''Trobairitz'' is both singular and plural.
The word ''trobairitz'' is first attested in the 13th-century r ...
known as the
Comtessa de Dia, and that the friend (''amic'') mentioned by the Comtessa in her poems was the
troubadour
A troubadour (, ; oc, trobador ) was a composer and performer of Old Occitan lyric poetry during the High Middle Ages (1100–1350). Since the word ''troubadour'' is etymologically masculine, a female troubadour is usually called a '' trobai ...
Raimbaut de Vaqueiras.
''Bibliografia Elettronica dei Trovatori''
, version 2.0, online since 1 Sept. 2008. Accessed 18 June 2013. Around 1195–96, Adémar himself participated in a three-way '' torneyamen'' (a type of collaborative poem) with Raimbaut de Vaqueiras and Perdigon.
On 4 May 1187, Adémar joined his father in making a donation to the charterhouse of La Sylve-Bénite. After his father's death, Adémar received a letter from the Emperor Frederick I, written at Lyon
Lyon,, ; Occitan: ''Lion'', hist. ''Lionés'' also spelled in English as Lyons, is the third-largest city and second-largest metropolitan area of France. It is located at the confluence of the rivers Rhône and Saône, to the northwest of ...
on 21 July 1188, warning him to cease levying tolls in the Diois, which were illegal under certain privileges the emperor had extended to the bishops of Die. In March 1189, Adémar granted a charter of liberties to his vassal, Silvion, the lord of Crest, who controlled the valley between Valentinois and Diois. An inscription in marble was made of this charter and survives. In it Adémar refers to himself as "Ademar of Poitiers, count of Valentinois". Bishop Robert of Die, who had made the complaint to the emperor about Adémar's tolls, was the major witness of this charter of liberties.
In June 1189, Count Raymond V of Toulouse—in his capacity as margrave of Provence—and Adémar signed an agreement whereby the former renounced his rights in the Diois in return for the latter's fealty
An oath of fealty, from the Latin ''fidelitas'' ( faithfulness), is a pledge of allegiance of one person to another.
Definition
In medieval Europe, the swearing of fealty took the form of an oath made by a vassal, or subordinate, to his lord. "F ...
and homage. This is probably the occasion on which Adémar broke with the lords of Baux
This is a list of the Lords, Barons and Marquisses of Baux.
List of rulers of Baux
Lords of Baux of the House of Baux
* Pons the Younger (born , ), father of
*Hugh I (born after 1059), father of
* french: Guillaume Hugues or "Guilhem Uc" (aft ...
, and alluded to in the poem "Leus sonetz si cum suoill" by the Raimbaut de Vaqueiras. It was not, however, the occasion upon which the counts of Valentinois began calling themselves counts of Diois, a title rightly belonging to the bishops.
The counts of Valentinois had long quarrelled and vied for power with their neighbours, counts of Albon
The counts of Albon (''comtes d'Albon'') were members of the medieval nobility in what is now south-eastern France.
Guigues IV, Count of Albon (d. 1142) was nicknamed ''le Dauphin'' or ''the Dolphin''. His nickname morphed into a title among h ...
. In 1191, Countess Beatrice of Albon, who was married to Hugh III, Duke of Burgundy
Hugh III (1142 – August 25, 1192) was Duke of Burgundy between 1162 and 1192. As duke, Burgundy was invaded by King Philip II and Hugh was forced to sue for peace. Hugh then joined the Third Crusade, distinguishing himself at Arsuf and Acre. He d ...
, signed a pact with Guillaume de Clérieu l'Abbé against Adémar. In 1192, Adémar confirmed a donation the count of Toulouse made at Léoncel, and in 1196 he granted the town a charter of liberties. In 1193, on the occasion of the consecration of the church of Montmeyran by Bishop Falco of Valence, the count of Valentinois granted it and its prior, Ponce, some of his vassals, without effecting the freedoms and exemptions they enjoyed under him. In 1197 Adémar and Philippa made a donation to the charterhouse of Bonnefoy, which her father had founded in 1156. When he made a donation to the priory of Rompont on 31 January 1202, the day of his son Guillaume's birth, he asked God to preserve his child's life so that he could work for the glory and good of the church.
Ademar sought to take more control of local lands from William of Savoy
William of Savoy (died 1239 in Viterbo) was a bishop from the House of Savoy. He was a son of Thomas, Count of Savoy and Margaret of Geneva. He was elected bishop of Valence in 1224. He negotiated the weddings of queens, and was an advisor t ...
, bishop of Valence. Silvion of Crest sought the support of the bishop against Ademar, and the bishop led forces which captured many of Ademar's men. There was an initial peace treaty in 1227, with a more final treaty concluded in 1231. Ademar had at least one son, William (Guillaume), who married Flotte de Royans and had a son, Ademar III. William died in 1227, and the fate of his widow and son were a key part in the resolution of the conflict with William of Savoy. Ultimately, she remarried to Aymon II de Faucigny.
Notes
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References
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Further reading
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Peiteus, Ademar de
12th-century French troubadours
Counts of Valentinois
13th-century French troubadours