Adolph, Landgrave of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld (29 June 1743 in

Ypres Ypres ( ; ; ; ; ) is a Belgian city and municipality in the province of West Flanders. Though the Dutch name is the official one, the city's French name is most commonly used in English. The municipality comprises the city of Ypres/Ieper ...

– 17 July 1803 in

Barchfeld Barchfeld is a village and a former municipality in the Wartburgkreis district of Thuringia, Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It lies between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea to t ...

) was a member of the

House of Hesse The House of Hesse is a European dynasty, directly descended from the House of Reginar, House of Brabant. They ruled the region of Hesse, one branch as prince-electors until 1866, and another branch as grand dukes until 1918.Burke's Peerage, Bur ...

. He was the ruling

Landgrave Landgrave (, , , ; , ', ', ', ', ') was a rank of nobility used in the Holy Roman Empire, and its former territories. The German titles of ', ' ("margrave"), and ' ("count palatine") are of roughly equal rank, subordinate to ' ("duke"), and su ...

Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld This is a list of monarchs of Hesse () during the history of Hesse on west-central Germany. These monarchs belonged to a dynasty collectively known as the House of Hesse and the House of Brabant,''Burke's Royal Families of the World Volume I E ...

from 1777 until his death.

Life

Adolph was a son of the Landgrave William of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld (1692-1761) from his marriage with Charlotte Wilhelmine (1704-1766), daughter of Prince Lebrecht of Anhalt-Zeitz-Hoym. Adolph succeeded his childless brother Frederick as Landgrave of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld in 1777. He began his career in the service of his

Hesse-Kassel The Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel (), spelled Hesse-Cassel during its entire existence, also known as the Hessian Palatinate (), was a state of the Holy Roman Empire. The state was created in 1567 when the Landgraviate of Hesse was divided upon t ...

. He then went in the Dutch service, where he later became a colonel in the 3rd Infantry Regiment of Orange-Nassau. In 1773, he joined the Prussian army and became chief of the Fusilier Regiment No. 55. Here he gained the favor of Frederick II and on 16 January 1777 he was appointed to Major General. He fought in the

Bavarian War of Succession The War of the Bavarian Succession (; 3 July 1778 – 13 May 1779) was a dispute between the Austrian Habsburg monarchy and an alliance of Saxony and Prussia over succession to the Electorate of Bavaria after the extinction of the Bavarian bran ...

and was attacked by General Wurmser and taken prisoner by the Austrians at Habelschwerdt in 1779. In 1780 he resigned from the military and retired to Barchfeld. He acquired the Nesselröden estate in 1794 and three years later sold the

Wehra Wehra is a river of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It passes through Todtmoos and Wehr and flows into the Rhine downstream of Bad Säckingen. Geography Location and topography The valley of the Wehra is distinctly divided into three sections. ...

property to the Treasury of Hesse-Kassel for .

Marriage and issue

Landgrave Adolph married on 18 October 1781 in

Meiningen Meiningen () is a town in the southern part of the state of Thuringia, Germany. It is located in the region of Franconia and has a population of around 26,000 (2024).

with Louise (1752-1805), a daughter of the Duke Anton Ulrich of Sachsen-Meiningen from his marriage with Charlotte Amalie of Hesse-Philippsthal. With her he had the following children: * Friedrich Carl Wilhelm Ludwig (1782-1783) *

Charles Charles is a masculine given name predominantly found in English language, English and French language, French speaking countries. It is from the French form ''Charles'' of the Proto-Germanic, Proto-Germanic name (in runic alphabet) or ''* ...

(1784-1854), Landgrave of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld, : married firstly in 1816 to Princess Auguste of Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen (1793-1821) : married secondly in 1823 to Princess Sophie of Bentheim and Steinfurt (1794-1873) *

William William is a masculine given name of Germanic languages, Germanic origin. It became popular in England after the Norman Conquest, Norman conquest in 1066,All Things William"Meaning & Origin of the Name"/ref> and remained so throughout the Middle ...

(1786-1834), : married in 1812 to Princess Juliane Sophie of Denmark (1788-1850) * George (1787-1788) * Ernest Frederick (1789-1850), never married * Charlotte (1794-1794)

Ancestry

References

* Johann Samuel Ersch (ed.)
''Allgemeine Encyclopädie der Wissenschaften und Künste in alphabetischer ...'' p. 297
* Eduard Lange, ''Die soldaten Friedrich's des Grossen'', p. 25
Online
{{DEFAULTSORT:Adolph, Landgrave of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfeld 1743 births 1803 deaths 18th-century German nobility Landgraves of Hesse House of Hesse People from Ypres