Adil Çarçani (5 May 1922 – 13 October 1997) was an Albanian politician who served as the
24th Prime Minister of Albania during the
Communist
Communism () is a sociopolitical, philosophical, and economic ideology within the socialist movement, whose goal is the creation of a communist society, a socioeconomic order centered on common ownership of the means of production, di ...
era led by
Enver Hoxha
Enver Halil Hoxha ( , ; ; 16 October 190811 April 1985) was an Albanian communist revolutionary and politician who was the leader of People's Socialist Republic of Albania, Albania from 1944 until his death in 1985. He was the Secretary (titl ...
. He served as the titular head of the Albanian government in the years immediately preceding the fall of Communism.
Biography
Çarçani was born on May 5, 1922, in the village of
Fushëbardhë, near
Gjirokastër
Gjirokastër (, sq-definite, Gjirokastra) is a List of cities and towns in Albania, city in Southern Albania, southern Albania and the seat of Gjirokastër County and Gjirokastër Municipality. It is located in a valley between the Gjerë moun ...
. During
World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ...
, he fought for Partisan forces against the
Italian
Italian(s) may refer to:
* Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries
** Italians, a Romance ethnic group related to or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom
** Italian language, a Romance languag ...
fascists, and joined the
Communist Party and the government that it set up after the war. He became mining minister in the 1950s, joined the
Politburo of the Party of Labour of Albania in the 1960s, and by 1981 had become First Deputy Prime Minister.
On December 18, 1981, immediately after the violent death of
Mehmet Shehu
Mehmet Ismail Shehu (January 10, 1913 – December 18, 1981) was an Albanian Communism, communist politician who served as the Prime Minister of Albania, Prime Minister of the People's Socialist Republic of Albania from 1954 to 1981. He was known ...
, Çarçani became the
24th Prime Minister of Albania. He remained in that position until February 1991, two months after Communism
started falling in Albania, when he resigned after mobs tore down the statue of
Enver Hoxha
Enver Halil Hoxha ( , ; ; 16 October 190811 April 1985) was an Albanian communist revolutionary and politician who was the leader of People's Socialist Republic of Albania, Albania from 1944 until his death in 1985. He was the Secretary (titl ...
, the founder and leader of
Communist Albania
The People's Socialist Republic of Albania, () was the Marxist-Leninist state that existed in Albania from 10 January 1946 to the 29 April 1991. Originally founded as the People's Republic of Albania from 1946 to 1976, it was governed by the Pa ...
from 1946 to 1985. Çarçani was, however, elected to parliament that year, and gave the opening speech.
Post-1991
On 21 May 1994, Çarçani was
tried for and abuse of power, alongside
Ramiz Alia
Ramiz Alia (; 18 October 1925 – 7 October 2011) was an Albanian politician serving as the second and last leader of the People's Socialist Republic of Albania from 1985 to 1991, serving as First Secretary of the Party of Labour of Albania. He ...
.
He was tried, found guilty and sentenced to prison.
His sentence was commuted to five years of house arrest, however, as he was beginning to suffer from health problems.
He died under house arrest in
Tirana
Tirana ( , ; ) is the capital and List of cities and towns in Albania, largest city of Albania. It is located in the centre of the country, enclosed by mountains and hills, with Dajti rising to the east and a slight valley to the northwest ov ...
.
References
External links
Adil Carcani's New Government Blinken Open Society Archives
ADIL ÇARÇANI RAPPORT SUR LES DIRECTIVES DU IXe Congres du Parti
1922 births
1997 deaths
People from Gjirokastër
Party of Labour of Albania politicians
Members of the Politburo of the Party of Labour of Albania
Candidate members of the Politburo of the Party of Labour of Albania
Members of the Parliament of Albania
Government ministers of Albania
Prime ministers of Albania
Deputy prime ministers of Albania
People's Socialist Republic of Albania
Heads of government who were later imprisoned
Albanian resistance members
{{Albania-politician-stub